Multi-omics uncover acute stress vulnerability through gut-hypothalamic communication in ducks.

1. The avian gut hosts a complex and dynamic microbial ecosystem, which is essential for regulating host organ function. However, the relationship between the gut microbiota and the hypothalamic axis in acute stress vulnerability in ducks remains unclear.

New Insight into the Mechanism of Neurochemical Imbalance in Multiple Sclerosis: Abnormal Transportation of Brain Extracellular Space.

Neurochemical imbalance is a contributing factor to neurological symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS). The matured myelin sheath is crucial for substance transportation within the extracellular space (ECS) and for maintaining local homeostasis. Therefore, we hypothesize that disturbed ECS transportation following demyelinating lesions might lead to neurochemical imbalance in MS.

Compression-Durable Soft Electronic Circuits Enabled by Embedding Self-Healing Biphasic Liquid-Solid Metal Into Microstructured Elastomeric Channels.

Compression strongly degrades the electrical conductivity of the liquid-metal-based circuits because the liquid state is prone to be squashed. Here, a new compressible and stretchable biphasic liquid-solid self-healing circuit is proposed by filling GalnSn-BilnSn biphasic metal into micropillar-embedded channels. The underlying BilnSn solid alloy layer serves as a compression resistance layer, while the upper GalnSn liquid metal layer enables the real-time filling of the cracks in the solid layer under large deformations, resulting in autonomous self-healing and maintenance of conductivity under both stretching and compression.

On-Chip Non-Volatile Reconfigurable Phase Change Topological Photonics.

Programmable on-chip terahertz (THz) topological photonic devices are poised to address the rising need for high-capacity data systems, offering broad bandwidth, minimal loss, and reconfigurability. However, current THz topological chips rely on volatile tuning mechanisms that require continuous power to function. Here, a nonvolatile, programmable THz topological silicon chip is demonstrated that integrates a waveguide-cavity coupled system with phase-change material, GeSbTe (GST), enabling persistent and efficient functionality without constant power input.

Preserving the Biologically Coherent Generic Concept of , 'Plant Destroyer'.

is a long-established, well known and globally important genus of plant pathogens. Phylogenetic evidence has shown that the biologically distinct, obligate biotrophic downy mildews evolved from at least twice. Since, cladistically, this renders 'paraphyletic', it has been proposed that evolutionary clades be split into multiple genera (Runge et al.

Inverse Design of Multi-Port Power Splitter with Arbitrary Ratio Based on Shape Optimization.

Arbitrary ratio power splitters (APSs) play a crucial role in enhancing the flexibility of photonic integrated circuits (PICs) on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform. However, most existing APSs are designed with two output channels, limiting their functionality. In this study, we present a shape optimization method to develop a multiport arbitrary ratio power splitter (MAPS) that enables arbitrary power distribution across three output channels within a compact footprint of 6 µm × 2.

In Situ Thermal Decomposition of Potassium Borohydride for Borophene Synthesis and Its Application in a High-Performance Non-Volatile Memory Device.

Borophene, a revolutionary two-dimensional (2D) material with exceptional electrical, physical, and chemical properties, holds great promise for high-performance, highly integrated information storage systems. However, its metallic nature and structural instability have significantly limited its practical applications. To address these challenges, hydrogenated borophene has emerged as an ideal alternative, offering enhanced stability and semiconducting properties.

A Biomimetic Sweeping Microrobot for Active Therapy of Ulcerative Colitis.

Overproduction of pathogenic cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays crucial roles in the onset and perpetuation of ulcerative colitis (UC). Inspired by sweeping robots, a magnesium@polylactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer@polyethylenimine (Mg@PLGA@PEI) microswimmer capable of cleaning off deleterious disease triggers along its path of progress is designed. Mg@PLGA@PEI is successfully synthesized by adopting a core-shell structure with a small opening which allows for Mg-water reaction.

Synergistic Bifunctional Covalent Organic Framework for Efficient Photocatalytic CO Reduction and Water Oxidation.

The scientific community has been actively researching artificial photosynthesis to promote ecologically sustainable living and address environmental issues. However, designing photocatalysts with active sites that are effective for both CO reduction and water oxidation remains a significant challenge. Thus, we present the development of a donor-acceptor covalent organic framework (D-A COF), that integrates two distinct metal coordination environments through structure-activity relationships.

SENP1-SIRT3 axis mediates glycolytic reprogramming to suppress inflammation during infection.

Unlabelled: a foodborne pathogen, has the ability to invade intestinal mucosal cells, undergo intracellular proliferation, activate host immune responses, and induce diseases such as colitis. We have demonstrated that sentrin-specific protease 1 (SENP1) functions as a protective gene in the host, suppressing the inflammatory response triggered by . The host's SENP1-SIRT3 axis plays a critical role in regulating inflammation during infection.

Distribution and Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Cordycepin in Rat: Investigated by UHPLC-HRMS/MS and Blood-Brain Synchronous Microdialysis.

Cordycepin, a natural adenosine derivative, exhibits multiple pharmacological effects on organisms. However, its distribution and metabolic characteristics have not been fully elucidated in vivo. In this study, ultra-high liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS/MS) was used to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics and effects of cordycepin on endogenous adenosine and inosine.

The GP2a 91/97/98 amino acid substitutions play critical roles in determining PRRSV tropism and infectivity but do not affect immune responses.

Unlabelled: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) isolates share a restricted cellular tropism. Marc-145 cells derived from African green monkey are one of the few cell lines supporting PRRSV propagation and are commonly used for PRRS vaccine development. However, currently prevalent PRRSV isolates display different Marc-145 cell tropism while the exact determinant is not clarified yet.

Exceptional Near-Infrared II Organic Small Molecule Nanoagent for Photoacoustic/Photothermal Imaging-Guided Highly Efficient Therapy in Cancer.

Near-infrared II (NIR-II) photoacoustic (PA)/photothermal imaging-guided tumor therapy holds great promise in precision medicine for cancer treatment. This work reports on the synthesis and application of an organic small molecule nanoagent that has exceptional PA and photothermal properties in the near-infrared region. BCy-TPE was constructed by linking an NIR-II absorbing cyanine dye BCy-Cl with a twisted tetraphenylethene unit.

A PEGylated conjugated-BODIPY oligomer for NIR-II imaging-guided photothermal therapy.

The integration of second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging and photothermal therapy (PTT) achieved precise and efficient tumor treatment. BODIPY, a promising fluorescent dye, is widely used in biological fluorescence imaging due to its excellent optical properties and chemical stability. However, the excitation wavelengths of BODIPY typically range from 530 nm to 650 nm within the visible spectrum, which significantly limits tissue penetration.

Mast cell leukemia: a rare case report and literature review.

Mast cell leukemia (MCL) is an extremely rare and aggressive hematologic malignancy, characterized by a poor prognosis and short survival. Currently, no standardized treatment guidelines have been established. This study presents the clinical data of a patient with primary MCL accompanied by C-findings, and analyzes the clinical features, diagnostic challenges, and therapeutic approaches for this disease through a comprehensive review of the relevant literature.

Prediction of Flares in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus During Post-Remission Follow-up.

Purpose: Patients at high risk of SLE flares benefit from being identified before flares; this can be done by predictors of flares. This study aimed to explore the predictive factors and model of SLE flares after remission, providing basis for clinical decision-making.

Patients And Methods: SLE patients recruited at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), were all registered in the Chinese SLE treatment and research (CSTAR) registry cohort and had experienced at least one remission before December 31, 2020.

Postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins as predictors of carotid atherosclerosis in individuals with normal fasting lipid profiles: a prospective follow-up study.

Background: Carotid atherosclerosis (CAS), a key precipitator of cardiovascular incidents, is linked to postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), as reflected by elevated triglycerides (TG) and remnant cholesterol (RC). This study explores the oral fat tolerance test (OFTT) for its predictive value in CAS, using postprandial TRL levels as a diagnostic biomarker.

Methods: A total of 107 volunteers with normal fasting lipid profiles and no CAS at baseline were included.

Time-varying cost-effectiveness analysis of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in Chinese patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction: A microsimulation of the real-world population.

Objective: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors showed time-varying effects in heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but corresponding cost-effectiveness in different timeframes remained poorly understood. This study estimated the time-varying cost-effectiveness of SGLT2 inhibitors in HFrEF from the perspective of the Chinese healthcare system.

Methods: Based on real-world individual patient data, a 2-year microsimulation model was constructed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of adding SGLT2 inhibitors to standard therapy compared with standard therapy alone among patients with HFrEF.

A Novel KMT2E Splicing Variant as a Cause of O'Donnell-Luria-Rodan Syndrome With West Syndrome: Expansion of the Phenotype and Genotype.

Introduction: O'Donnell-Luria-Rodan (ODLURO) syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with KMT2E gene variants. ODLURO syndrome is characterized mainly by developmental delay, intellectual disability and macrocephaly or microcephaly; in some patients, it may manifest as autism or epilepsy.

Methods: Trio whole-exome sequencing was performed on a female infant with unexplained West syndrome and developmental regression.

p53 inhibits OTUD5 transcription to promote GPX4 degradation and induce ferroptosis in gastric cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors within the digestive system, and ferroptosis playing a crucial role in its progression. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), a key negative regulator of ferroptosis, is highly expressed in gastric cancer and contributes to tumor growth. Targeting the regulation of GPX4 has emerged as a promising approach to induce ferroptosis and develop effective therapy for gastric cancer.

Functional diversity of two apple paralogs MADS5 and MADS35 in regulating flowering and parthenocarpy.

MADS-box genes play important roles in plant development, especially flowering and fruiting. In this study, we identified 54 type I and 69 type II MADS-box genes from the apple reference genome 'GDDH13'. The type II MADS-box genes were further divided into 12 closely related subgroups, each exhibiting similar gene structures and conserved domains.

Ventriculosagittal sinus shunt for treating hydrocephalus with elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein.

This study aimed to investigate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a ventriculosagittal sinus (VSS) shunt in the treatment of hydrocephalus with elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein content. In this single-center retrospective analysis, we enrolled 80 patients with hydrocephalus and elevated CSF protein levels. Based on these procedures, primary cohort was divided into two groups using CSF protein (CSFP) for subsequent analysis to determine the relationship between the clinical effect and CSFP.

The diagnostic accuracy of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) in assessing the genetic status of embryos: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is widely used in assisted reproduction to assess the genetic status of embryos. However, increasing evidence suggests that the trophectoderm (TE) may not fully reflect the genetic status of the inner cell mass (ICM), raising controversy about the accuracy of TE biopsy. Research in recent years has focused on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) found in blastocoel fluid (BF) and spent culture medium (SCM), as these may contain genetic information from both the TE and ICM.

AMD1, a cardiotoxicity target for Maduramicin.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate AMD1 cardiotoxicity function for Maduramicin (Mad).

Methods: SD rats were divided into control (Control) group and Mad treatment (3.5 mg/kg) group (Mad).

Implementation suggestions for shared decision-making: results from a comparative study of inpatients and outpatients experience surveys.

Background: Shared decision-making (SDM) is crucial in patient-centered healthcare services, but its integration into routine medical care remains limited. This study aimed to investigate patients' experience with SDM in both outpatient and inpatient settings, exploring how the quality of care provided by doctors and patient's trust in doctors influence SDM across different contexts.

Methods: This study utilized data from the regional cross-sectional surveys, including the 2019 Inpatient Experience and the 2021 Specialist Outpatient Experience survey in Hong Kong.