Targeting tumor monocyte-intrinsic PD-L1 by rewiring STING signaling and enhancing STING agonist therapy.

STING is an important DNA sensing machinery in initiating immune response, yet therapies targeting STING have shown poor outcomes in clinical trials. Here, we reveal that STING signaling induces PD-L1 tumor monocytes (Tu.Mons) that dominate the resistance against STING agonist therapy.

Astragaloside IV attenuates glucocorticoid-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone loss via the MAPK/NF-κB pathway.

Background: Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a bioactive saponin extracted from Radix Astragali, and it is reported to promote osteoblast differentiation while inhibiting osteoclastogenesis. However, the mechanism of AS-IV in glucocorticoid-induced osteoclastogenesis (GIO) remains undetermined. Herein, we examined the influence of AS-IV on GIO and bone loss.

Oral microbiota: the overlooked catalyst in cancer initiation and progression.

The advancement of high-throughput sequencing technology in recent decades has led to a greater understanding of the components of the oral microbiota, providing a solid foundation for extensive research in this field. The oral microbiota plays an important role in an individual's overall health. It has been shown to be significantly correlated with chronic human diseases, including diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease, periodontal disease, and Alzheimer's disease.

Impact of Helicobacter pylori infection on neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced gastric cancer: a retrospective analysis.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection may affect the efficacy of immunotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients. However, the role of H.

ILDIM-MFAM: interstitial lung disease identification model with multi-modal fusion attention mechanism.

This study aims to address the potential and challenges of multimodal medical information in the diagnosis of interstitial lung disease (ILD) by developing an ILD identification model (ILDIM) based on the multimodal fusion attention mechanism (MFAM) to improve the accuracy and reliability of ILD. Large-scale multimodal medical information data, including chest CT image slices, physiological indicator time series data, and patient history text information were collected. These data are professionally cleaned and normalized to ensure data quality and consistency.

Comparative clinical efficacy of single-incision thoracoscopic bullectomy combined with C-shaped electrocautery pleurodesis vs. chemical pleurodesis in the management of spontaneous pneumothorax.

Objective: This study aims to observe the clinical efficacy of single-incision thoracoscopic bullectomy combined with C-shaped electrocautery pleurodesis compared to traditional iodine chemical pleurodesis in the treatment of patients with spontaneous pneumothorax.

Methods: A total of 128 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax who underwent surgical treatment at our institution from January 2021 to December 2022 were selected. Patients were categorized into the study group ( = 65) and the control group ( = 63) based on the surgical method used.

Rg3-lipo biomimetic delivery of paclitaxel enhances targeting of tumors and myeloid-derived suppressor cells.

Liposomal drug delivery systems have revolutionized traditional cytotoxic drugs. However, the relative instability and toxicity of the existing liposomal drug delivery systems compromised their efficacy. Herein, we present Rg3-lipo, an innovative drug delivery system using a glycosyl moiety-enriched ginsenoside (Rg3).

Investigating the causal relationship between human blood metabolites and pulmonary hypertension: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Several recent investigations have posited that distinct metabolites in the bloodstream may be correlated with the pathogenesis of Pulmonary Hypertension (PH). Nonetheless, the interrelationship between the pathogenesis of PH and metabolite fluctuations remains incompletely elucidated, and findings may differ across studies.

Methods: In the extant research, data from 486 metabolite-and PH-related genetic variants in human subjects were procured based on Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and Finnish databases.

A retrospective analysis of 1600 infertility patients with azoospermia and severe oligozoospermia.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the genetic etiology of male infertility patients.

Method: A total of 1600 male patients with infertility, including 1300 cases of azoospermia and 300 cases of severe oligozoospermia, underwent routine semen analysis, chromosomal karyotype analysis and sex hormone level testing. The Azoospermia factor (AZF) on the Y chromosome was detected using the multiple fluorescence quantitative PCR technique.

High ion barrier hydrogel with excellent toughness achieved by directional structures.

Owing to their nontoxicity, environmental friendliness, and high biocompatibility, physically cross-linked hydrogels have become popular research materials; however, their high water content and high free volume, along with the weak bonding interactions inherent to ordinary physically cross-linked hydrogels, limit their application in fields such as flexible devices, packaging materials, and substance transport regulation. Here, a structural barrier approach based on directional freezing-assisted salting out was proposed, and the directional structure significantly enhanced the barrier performance of the hydrogel. When the direction of substance diffusion was perpendicular to the pore channel structure of the directional freezing-PVA hydrogel (DFPVA), the Cl transmission rate was 57.

Case report: A case with atypical presentation oftesticular choriocarcinoma.

Testicular choriocarcinoma is a relatively rare malignancy with a highly aggressive nature. Timely diagnosis and treatment can help prolong the survival of patients and even cure them. This case reports a 29-year-old male who presented to the clinic for a month with epigastric pain.

Corrigendum: Identifying the link between serum VEGF and KL-6 concentrations: a correlation analysis for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis interstitial lung disease progression.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.

High acidity organic waste degradation and the potential to bioremediation of heavy metals in soil by an acid-tolerant Serratia sp.

Highly acidic citrus pomace (CP) is a byproduct of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae production and causes significant environmental damage. In this study, a newly isolated acid-tolerant strain of Serratia sp. JS-043 was used to treat CP and evaluate the effect of reduced acid citrus pomace (RACP) in passivating heavy metals.

Preparation of the new peptide drug ACTY116-loaded in situ forming implants and evaluation of its efficacy in pulmonary arterial hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy induced by SU5416/hypoxia in mice.

There is a lack of effective therapeutic drugs for pulmonary arterial hypertension. Previous studies have demonstrated the positive cardiovascular system protective effects of the new peptide ACTY116. However, its stability in ordinary aqueous solution injections is poor and its half-life in the body is short, which has hindered the development of preparations.

A versatilely high fidelity electric machines emulator for rapid testing of motor controller.

Electric machines emulators (EMEs) based on hardware-in-the-loop (HIL), which effectively act as emulators to mimic the actual motor behavior of Interior Permanent Magnet (IPM) machines. EME is frequently used to evaluate motor controller and motor control methodologies prior to development. The inverse magnetization motor model, which is used as the basis for real-time simulation in this paper's proposal for an electric machine emulator system based on HIL, uses FEA to create the motor model data.

Molecular characterization of Chinese patients with small bowel adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Small bowel adenocarcinoma (SBA) is a rare malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract, and its unique location within the small intestine presents difficulties in obtaining tissue samples from the lesions. This limitation hinders the research and development of effective clinical treatment methods. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis holds promise as an alternative approach for investigating SBA and guiding treatment decisions, thereby improving the prognosis of SBA.

A Method to Develop the Driver-Adaptive Lane-Keeping Assistance System Based on Real Driver Preferences.

To satisfy the preference of each driver, the development of a Lane-Keeping Assistance (LKA) system that can adapt to individual drivers has become a research hotspot in recent years. However, existing studies have mostly relied on the assumption that the LKA characteristic aligned with the driver's preference is consistent with this driver's naturalistic driving characteristic. Nevertheless, this assumption may not always hold true, causing limitations to the effectiveness of this method.

Enhancing synthesis of ethyl lactate in rice baijiu fermentation by adding recovered granular cells.

Ethyl lactate is the most abundant ester in semi-solid rice baijiu fermentation, affecting the flavor of baijiu to a great extent. The present study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution and formation contributor of ethyl lactate by removing the microorganisms and extracellular enzymes from the upper, middle, and lower fermentation broth during the later fermentation stage. The removal of suspended substances by centrifugation did not affect the ethyl lactate content in the top and middle fermentation broth containing free cells, enzymes, and starch particles.

Phillyrin improves myocardial remodeling in salt-sensitive hypertensive mice by reducing endothelin1 signaling.

Objectives: Prolonged exposure to chronic hypertension places the heart under excessive strain, resulting in myocardial remodeling. Phillyrin, derived from the natural plant Forsythia suspensa, has been found to possess cardioprotective properties. The objective of this study is to investigate the role and mechanism of phillyrin in hypertension-induced myocardial remodeling in mice.

Molecular mechanisms of selenite reduction by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BSe: An integrated genomic and transcriptomic analysis.

The reduction of selenite [Se(â…£)] by microorganisms is a green and efficient detoxification strategy. We found that Se(â…£) inhibited exopolysaccharide and protein secretion by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum BSe and compromised cell integrity. In this study, L.

Identifying the link between serum VEGF and KL-6 concentrations: a correlation analysis for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis interstitial lung disease progression.

Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis interstitial lung disease (IPF-ILD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by excessive collagen deposition and fibrotic changes in the lungs. Identifying reliable serum markers that correlate with disease progression is crucial for diagnosis and prognosis.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between serum markers KL-6 and VEGF and IPF-ILD.

Salidroside attenuates myocardial remodeling in DOCA-salt-induced mice by inhibiting the endothelin 1 and PI3K/AKT/NFκB signaling pathways.

Myocardial remodeling, which occurs in the final stage of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, can ultimately result in heart failure. However, the pathogenesis of myocardial remodeling remains incompletely understood, and there is currently a lack of safe and effective treatment options. Salidroside, which is extracted from the plant Rhodiola rosea, shows remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics.

Plasma thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor and the 1040C/T polymorphism are risk factors for diabetic kidney disease in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: Inflammatory and hemostatic disorders in diabetic microangiopathy (DMA) can be linked to thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) and its own gene polymorphisms. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the associations of plasma TAFI and gene polymorphisms with DMA in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: Plasma TAFI of 223 patients with T2D was measured, and the genotypes and alleles of the 1040C/T, 438G/A, and 505G/A polymorphisms of the gene were analyzed.

Developing a fast and catalyst-free protocol to form C=N double bond with high functional group tolerance.

The carbon-nitrogen double bond (C=N) is a fundamentally important functional group in organic chemistry. This is largely due to the fact that C=N acts as electrophilic synthon to give nitrogen-containing compounds. Here, we report the condensation of primary amine or hydrazine with very electron-deficient aldehyde to form C=N bond in the absence of any catalysts (metals and acids).