Microwave Radiation Caused Dynamic Metabolic Fluctuations in the Mammalian Hippocampus.

To investigate the dynamic changes in hippocampal metabolism after microwave radiation using liquid chromatography in tandem with mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and to identify potential biomarkers. Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a sham group and a microwave radiation group. The rats in the microwave radiation group were exposed to 2.

Resistive Memristors Using Robust Electropolymerized Porous Organic Polymer Films as Switchable Materials.

Porous organic polymers (POPs) with inherent porosity, tunable pore environment, and semiconductive property are ideally suitable for application in various advanced semiconductor-related devices. However, owing to the lack of processability, POPs are usually prepared in powder forms, which limits their application in advanced devices. Herein, we demonstrate an example of information storage application of POPs with film form prepared by an electrochemical method.

Large-Scale and Flexible Optical Synapses for Neuromorphic Computing and Integrated Visible Information Sensing Memory Processing.

Optoelectronic synapses integrating synaptic and optical-sensing functions exhibit large advantages in neuromorphic computing for visual information processing and complex learning, recognition, and memory in an energy-efficient way. However, electric stimulation is still essential for existing optoelectronic synapses to realize bidirectional weight-updating, restricting the processing speed, bandwidth, and integration density of the devices. Herein, a two-terminal optical synapse based on a wafer-scale pyrenyl graphdiyne/graphene/PbS quantum dot heterostructure is proposed that can emulate both the excitatory and inhibitory synaptic behaviors in an optical pathway.

Laser Writable Multifunctional van der Waals Heterostructures.

Achieving multifunctional van der Waals nanoelectronic devices on one structure is essential for the integration of 2D materials; however, it involves complex architectural designs and manufacturing processes. Herein, a facile, fast, and versatile laser direct write micro/nanoprocessing to fabricate diode, NPN (PNP) bipolar junction transistor (BJT) simultaneously based on a pre-fabricated black phosphorus/molybdenum disulfide heterostructure is demonstrated. The PN junctions exhibit good diode rectification behavior.

Dose-dependent Cardiac Dysfunction and Structural Damage in Rats after Shortwave Radiation.

Objective: To detect the effects of shortwave radiation on dose-dependent cardiac structure and function in rats after radiation and to elucidate the mechanism of shortwave radiation induced cardiac injury to identify sensitive indicators and prophylactic treatment.

Methods: One hundred Wistar rats were either exposed to 27 MHz continuous shortwave at a power density of 5, 10, and 30 mW/cm for 6 min or undergone sham exposure for the control (the rats had to be placed in the exposure system with the same schedules as the exposed animals, but with an inactive antenna). The Ca , glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) content in the peripheral serum of the rats were detected by an automatic blood biochemical analyser.

Synthesis of Wafer-Scale Monolayer Pyrenyl Graphdiyne on Ultrathin Hexagonal Boron Nitride for Multibit Optoelectronic Memory.

Graphdiyne is a new two-dimensional carbon allotrope with many attractive properties and has been widely used in various applications. However, the synthesis of large-area, high-quality, and ultrathin (especially monolayer) graphdiyne and its analogues remains a challenge, hindering its application in optoelectronic devices. Here, a wafer-scale monolayer pyrenyl graphdiyne (Pyr-GDY) film is obtained on hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) via a van der Waals epitaxial strategy, and top-floating-gated multibit nonvolatile optoelectronic memory based on Pyr-GDY/hBN/graphene is constructed, using Pyr-GDY as a photoresponsive top-floating gate.

A gate-tunable symmetric bipolar junction transistor fabricated femtosecond laser processing.

Two-dimensional (2D) bipolar junction transistors (BJTs) with van der Waals heterostructures play an important role in the development of future nanoelectronics. Herein, a convenient method is introduced for fabricating a symmetric bipolar junction transistor (SBJT), constructed from black phosphorus and MoS, with femtosecond laser processing. This SBJT exhibits good bidirectional current amplification owing to its symmetric structure.

Exposure Effects of Terahertz Waves on Primary Neurons and Neuron-like Cells Under Nonthermal Conditions.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the potential effects of terahertz (THz) waves on primary cultured neurons from 4 rat brain regions (hippocampus, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, and brainstem) and 3 kinds of neuron-like cells (MN9D, PC12, and HT22 cells) under nonthermal conditions.

Methods: THz waves with an output power of 50 (0.16 THz) and 10 (0.

A novel microcurrent dressing for wound healing in a rat skin defect model.

Background: The exogenous application of low-intensity electric stimulation (ES) may mimic a natural endogenous bioelectric current and accelerate the repair process of skin wounds. This study designed a novel microcurrent dressing (MCD) and evaluated its potential effects on wound healing in a rat skin defect model.

Methods: First, wireless ES was integrated into a medical cotton cushion to fabricate the MCD, and its electrical property was examined by using a universal power meter.

HIF-1α regulates COXIV subunits, a potential mechanism of self-protective response to microwave induced mitochondrial damages in neurons.

Anxiety and speculation about potential health hazards of microwaves exposure are spreading in the past decades. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which can be activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), played pivotal roles in protective responses against microwave in neuron-like cells. In this study, we established 30 mW/cm microwave exposed animal model, which could result in revisable injuries of neuronal mitochondria, including ultrastructure and functions, such as ROS generation and cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity.

Microwave radiation leading to shrinkage of dendritic spines in hippocampal neurons mediated by SNK-SPAR pathway.

The popularization of microwave raised concerns about its influence on health including cognitive function which is associated greatly with dendritic spines plasticity. SNK-SPAR is a molecular pathway for neuronal homeostatic plasticity during chronically elevated activity. In this study, Wistar rats were exposed to microwaves (30 mW/cm for 6 min, 3 times/week for 6 weeks).

Pathological changes in the sinoatrial node tissues of rats caused by pulsed microwave exposure.

To observe microwave induced dynamic pathological changes in the sinus nodes, wistar rats were exposed to 0, 5, 10, 50 mW/cm2 microwave. In 10 and 50 mW/cm2 groups, disorganized sinoatrial node cells, cell swelling, cytoplasmic condensation, nuclear pyknosis, and anachromasis, swollen, and empty mitochondria, and blurred and focally dissolved myofibrils could be detected from 1 to 28 d, while reduced parenchymal cells, increased collagen fibers, and extracellular matrix remodeling of interstitial cells were observed from 6 to 12 months. In conclusion, 10 and 50 mW/cm2 microwave could cause structural damages in the sinoatrial node and extracellular matrix remodeling in rats.

Microwave exposure impairs synaptic plasticity in the rat hippocampus and PC12 cells through over-activation of the NMDA receptor signaling pathway.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate whether microwave exposure would affect the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) signaling pathway to establish whether this plays a role in synaptic plasticity impairment.

Methods: 48 male Wistar rats were exposed to 30 mW/cm2 microwave for 10 min every other day for three times. Hippocampal structure was observed through H&E staining and transmission electron microscope.

Activation of VEGF/Flk-1-ERK Pathway Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Injury After Microwave Exposure.

Microwaves have been suggested to induce neuronal injury and increase permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), but the mechanism remains unknown. The role of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/Flk-1-Raf/MAPK kinase (MEK)/extracellular-regulated protein kinase (ERK) pathway in structural and functional injury of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) following microwave exposure was examined. An in vitro BBB model composed of the ECV304 cell line and primary rat cerebral astrocytes was exposed to microwave radiation (50 mW/cm(2), 5 min).

AduoLa Fuzhenglin down-regulates microwave-induced expression of β1-adrenergic receptor and muscarinic type 2 acetylcholine receptor in myocardial cells of rats.

This paper is aimed to study the effect of ADL on expression of β1-AR and M2-AchR in myocardial cells of rats exposed to microwave radiation. Immunohistochemistry, Western blot and image analysis were used to detect the expression of β1-AR and M2-AchR in myocardial cells at 7 and 14 d after microwave exposure. The results show that the expression level was higher in microwave exposure group and 0.