Threats across boundaries: the spread of ESBL-positive bacteria and its challenge to the "one health" concept.

-lactam antibiotics are essential medications for treating human diseases. The spread of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing (ESBL-PE) exists globally in multiple reservoirs and the natural environment and poses an immense threat to public health. Plasmid incompatibility groups, such as IncFIA, IncI1, IncY, IncFIB, IncN, IncFIC, IncX4, IncB/O/K/Z, IncHI1/2, and IncA/C, which exist in humans, animals, and the environment, carrying , , and genes.

Diversity and dynamics of microbial communities during spontaneous fermentation of different cultivars of apples from China and their relationship with the volatile components in the cider.

Microorganisms involved in spontaneous fermentation are critical in cider productivity, quality, and aroma. This study examined the composition and dynamic changes of indigenous microbial communities during spontaneous fermentation of three apple cultivars (Qin Guan, Fuji, and Qin Yue) from Shaanxi, China, and their influence on cider's volatile components. Samples were collected at three time points and analyzed using high-throughput sequencing and HS-SPME-GC-MS.

ZntR is a critical regulator for zinc homeostasis and involved in pathogenicity in .

Zinc (Zn) is essential for all bacteria, but excessive Zn levels are toxic. Bacteria maintain zinc homeostasis through regulators, such as Zur, AdcR, and ZntR. is a significant pathogen causing acute serositis in ducks and other birds.

The alternative polyadenylation regulator CFIm25 promotes macrophage differentiation and activates the NF-κB pathway.

Background: Macrophages are required for development and tissue repair and protect against microbial attacks. In response to external signals, monocytes differentiate into macrophages, but our knowledge of changes that promote this transition at the level of mRNA processing, in particular mRNA polyadenylation, needs advancement if it is to inform new disease treatments. Here, we identify CFIm25, a well-documented regulator of poly(A) site choice, as a novel mediator of macrophage differentiation.

Comprehensive analysis of lncRNAs and mRNAs revealed potential participants in the process of avian reovirus infection.

Avian reovirus (ARV), a double-stranded RNA virus, frequently induces immunosuppression in poultry, leading to symptoms such as irregular bleeding and spleen necrosis in infected ducks. Since 2017, the morbidity and mortality rates associated with ARV infection in poultry have been on the rise, progressively emerging as a significant viral disease impacting the duck farming industry in China. In our study, we collected duck embryo fibroblasts 18 h post-infection with ARV and conducted transcriptome sequencing analysis.

The functions of herpesvirus shuttling proteins in the virus lifecycle.

During viral infection, the transport of various proteins between the nucleus and cytoplasm plays an important role in the viral lifecycle. Shuttling proteins are key factors in the transmission of nucleocytoplasmic information within cells and usually contain nuclear localization signals and nuclear export signals to mediate correct positioning for themselves and other proteins. The nucleocytoplasmic transport process is carried out through the nuclear pore complex on the nuclear envelope and is mediated by specific protein carriers.

Silicon-Based Sodium Hydride Core-Shell Structure for Portable Hydrolytic Hydrogen Generation.

Hydrogen production from silicon (Si) hydrolysis is environmentally friendly, safe, portable, and promising. However, the self-protected oxide layer around Si and a sluggish hydrolysis rate impede its practical utilization. To address this problem, we introduced sodium hydride (NaH) to form the core-shell structure of NaH/Si composites via a straightforward one-step, hand-mixing method in an ambient environment.

Structural Basis and Mechanism of a Unique Haemophore in the Haem-Iron Acquisition by Riemerella anatipestifer.

Several bacterial pathogens employ haemophores to scavenge haem from host haemoprotein to obtain an iron source. However, no homologues of well-characterized haemophores are found in Riemerella anatipestifer, a bacterium belonging to the order Flavobacteriales that encodes haem uptake systems. Herein, a unique haemophore RhuH is characterized in this bacterium.

Non-additive dosage-dependent effects of TaGS3 gene editing on grain size and weight in wheat.

Loss-of-function mutations induced by CRISPR-Cas9 in the TaGS3 gene homoeologs show non-additive dosage-dependent effects on grain size and weight and have potential utility for increasing grain yield in wheat. The grain size in cereals is one of the component traits contributing to yield. Previous studies showed that loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in GS3, encoding Gγ subunit of the multimeric G protein complex, increase grain size and weight in rice.

Temperature-dependent variations in under-canopy herbaceous foliar diseases following shrub encroachment in grasslands.

Shrub encroachment into grasslands poses a global concern, impacting species biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Yet, the effect of shrub encroachment on herbaceous diseases and the dependence of that effect on climatic factors remain ambiguous. This study spans over 4,000 km, examining significant variability in temperature and precipitation.

The S-Phase Arrest of Host Cells Caused by an Alpha-Herpesvirus Genome Replication Facilitates Viral Recruitment of RNA Polymerase II to Transcribe Viral Genes.

Herpesviruses rely on host RNA polymerae II (RNA Pol II) for their mRNA transcription, yet the mechanisms of which has been poorly defined, while certain herpesviruses can enhance viral gene transcription by altering the RNA Pol II location, modulating its phosphorylation, or directly interacting with RNA Pol II. However, the influence of herpesviruses on RNA Pol II transcription extends beyond these direct effects. Here, we present a novel mechanism by which the host cell cycle regulates viral gene transcription via RNA Pol II during infection by Anatid Herpesvirus 1 (AnHV-1), an avian alpha-herpesvirus.

Isolation and characterization of a broad-spectrum bacteriophage against multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli from waterfowl field.

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a significant pathogen responsible for intestinal infections and foodborne diseases. The rise of antibiotic resistance poses a significant challenge to global public health.

Potential and challenges of utilizing exosomes in osteoarthritis therapy (Review).

Exosomes are integral to the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) due to their roles in mediating intercellular communication and regulating inflammatory processes. Exosomes are integral to the transport of bioactive molecules, such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, which can influence chondrocyte behavior and joint homeostasis. Given their properties of regeneration and ability to target damaged tissues, exosomes represent a promising therapeutic avenue for OA treatment.

DCAF13-mediated K63-linked ubiquitination of RNA polymerase I promotes uncontrolled proliferation in Breast Cancer.

Hyperactivation of ribosome biogenesis (RiBi) drives cancer progression, yet the role of RiBi-associated proteins (RiBPs) in breast cancer (BC) is underexplored. In this study, we perform a comprehensive multi-omics analysis and reveal that assembly and maturation factors (AMFs), a subclass of RiBPs, are upregulated at both RNA and protein levels in BC, correlating with poor patient outcomes. In contrast, ribosomal proteins (RPs) do not show systematic upregulation across various cancers, including BC.

DPV pUL15 possesses a potential NLS, which is important for the location of the terminase complex and for viral proliferation and genome cleavage.

In herpesvirus, the terminase subunit pUL15 is involved in cleavage of the viral genome concatemers in the nucleus. Previous studies have shown that herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) pUL15 can enter the nucleus without other viral proteins and help other terminase subunits enter the nucleus. However, this study revealed that duck plague virus (DPV) pUL15 cannot localize independently to the nucleus and can only be localized in the nucleus in the presence of pUL28 and pUL33.

Relationship Between the Carbonation Depth and Microstructure of Concrete Under Freeze-Thaw Conditions.

Concrete structures in cold regions are affected by freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) and carbonation, which lead to the premature failure of concrete structures. The carbonation depth, relative dynamic elastic modulus (RDEM), compressive strength, porosity, and pore size distribution of concrete under FTC conditions were tested through an accelerated carbonation experiment to study the carbonation performance evolution. The freeze-thaw effect mechanism on concrete carbonation was further analyzed via the obtained relationship between carbonation depth and pore structure.

The characterization of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and their role in mediating antibiotic-resistance gene transfer through natural transformation in Riemerella anatipestifer.

Riemerella anatipestifer (R. anatipestifer, RA) is the etiological agent of duck serositis, an acute multisystemic disease in ducks that is globally distributed and causes serious economic losses in the duck industry. Despite exhibiting multidrug resistance, the transmission mechanism of its antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) remains incompletely identified.

DHAV-1 3C protein promotes viral proliferation by antagonizing type I interferon via upregulating the ANXA2 protein.

The picornavirus 3C protein plays a crucial role in viral infection. One of its functions is inhibiting the immune response by cleaving or degrading innate immune-related proteins to promote viral infection. Annexin A2 (ANXA2) is a multifunctional host protein that plays a key role in various cellular processes, it also participates in viral infection.

Decoding the enigma: unveiling the transmission characteristics of waterfowl-associated -positive in select regions of China.

() serves as a critical indicator microorganism for assessing the prevalence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance, notably harboring various antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs). Among these, the emergence of the gene represents a significant threat to public health, especially since carbapenem antibiotics are vital for treating severe infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria. This study aimed to characterize the antibiotic resistance features of -positive strains isolated from waterfowl in several regions of China and elucidate the dissemination patterns of the gene.

Identification and subcellular localization of proteins that interact with Duck plague virus pUL14 in infected host cells.

Duck plague (DP), which is caused by duck plague virus (DPV), is an infectious disease that severely harms the waterfowl breeding industry. The UL14 protein (pUL14) is a tegument protein encoded by the UL14 gene, which is located in the unique long (UL) region of the DPV genome. DPV pUL14 plays a crucial role in viral replication, likely by interacting with host and viral proteins that have yet to be identified.

Anti-tembusu virus of capsid-targeted viral inactivation delivered by lentiviral vector in vivo.

Tembusu virus (TMUV) is a member of genus flavivirus, which mainly causes decrease in production in egg ducks and neurological symptom in meatducks, causing serious economic losses to the poultry industry. Recently, the commercialized TMUV vaccines are mainly the WF100 live vaccine and the attenuated live vaccine (FX2010-180P), so it is particularly important to find new methods to combat TMUV. The capsid-targeted viral inactivation (CTVI) strategy is based on a viral core protein and an exogenous factor that can destroy viral DNA or RNA.

Specific surface-modified iron oxide nanoparticles trigger complement-dependent innate and adaptive antileukaemia immunity.

Considerable advances have been achieved in the application of nanomaterials for immunotherapies, yet the precise immune effects induced by protein corona remain elusive. Here, we explore the formation mechanism and immune regulation process of protein corona in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) mouse models using commercialized iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), with different surface modifications, including an FDA-approved variant. Using macrophages depleted or Complement Component 3 (C3) knockout mice, we demonstrate that carboxymethyl dextran-coated IONP (IONP-COOH) reduces leukaemia burden.

Experimental study of fractures of the posterior pelvic ring C1.1 using LC-II screws and internal fixation by plate.

Introduction: To compare the biomechanical outcomes of C1.1 posterior pelvic ring fractures treated with different numbers of LC-II screws and plate internal fixation.

Materials And Methods: Nine adult preserved pelvic specimens were used.