Variational analysis for photonic molecules: application to photonic benzene waveguides.

A type of artificial molecule, called the photonic molecule, is investigated. It consists of coupled-defect atoms in photonic crystals. We theoretically present a method to determine the frequency of each resonant mode for the photonic molecule.

Solvable model in renormalization group analysis for effective eddy viscosity.

This study presents a solvable model in renormalization group analysis for the effective eddy viscosity. It is found fruitful to take a simple hypothesis that large-scale eddies are statistically independent of those of smaller scales. A limiting operation of renormalization group analysis yields an inhomogeneous ordinary differential equation for the invariant effective eddy viscosity.