Facile access to chiral -1,2-diol derivatives Ir-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of α-alkoxy-β-ketoesters.

The iridium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of α-alkoxy-β-ketoesters dynamic kinetic resolution has been achieved with high efficiency and enantioselectivity. This strategy allows for the synthesis of differentiated -1,2-diol derivatives in high yields, exhibiting excellent enantio- and diastereoselectivity (up to 99% yield, 99% ee, and 99 : 1 dr). Additionally, high turnover number (TON) experiments (up to 1000 TON) and gram-scale synthesis of a key fragment of the potential drug Tesaglitazar were successfully performed, highlighting the protocol's potential for broader applications.

Is Semiconducting Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Suitable for Spin Pumping?

Spin pumping has been reported on interfaces formed with ferromagnetic metals and layered transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), as signified by enhanced Gilbert damping parameters extracted from magnetodynamics measurements. However, whether the observed damping enhancement purely arises from the pumping effect has remained debatable, given that possible extrinsic disturbances on the interfaces cannot be excluded in most of the experiments. Here, we explore an atomically clean interface formed with CoFeB and atomically thin MoSe, achieved by an all growth strategy based on molecular beam epitaxy.

Assessing the impact of gut microbiota and metabolic products on acute lung injury following intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury: harmful or helpful?

Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a common and clinically significant form of tissue damage encountered in medical practice. This pathological process has been thoroughly investigated across a variety of clinical settings, including, but not limited to, sepsis, organ transplantation, shock, myocardial infarction, cerebral ischemia, and stroke. Intestinal IRI, in particular, is increasingly recognized as a significant clinical entity due to marked changes in the gut microbiota and their metabolic products, often described as the body's "second genome.

Temporal Decomposition Analysis of Noncommunicable Disease Burden: The Interplay of Population Aging, Population Growth, and Low Physical Activity, 2010-2019.

Background: To analyze global trends in the noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) burden attributable to low physical activity, considering the impacts of population aging and growth.

Method: Based on the Global Burden Disease 2019 Study, the NCDs-related death and disability-adjusted life years attributable to low physical activity (defined as <3000 metabolic equivalent-min/wk) were obtained from 2010 to 2019. The average annual percent change was calculated using the joinpoint analysis.

Reevaluating 30 cmHO endotracheal tube cuff pressure: risks of airway mucosal damage during prolonged mechanical ventilation.

Background: The optimal endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff pressure remains contentious. In the traditional consideration that the level 30 cmHO is considered safe, balancing the prevention of reflux aspiration against airway mucosal damage. Whether this pressure level can cause potential damage to the airway mucosa remains to be discussed.

Harnessing Defects in SnSe Film via Photo-Induced Doping for Fully Light-Controlled Artificial Synapse.

2D-layered materials are recognized as up-and-coming candidates to overcome the intrinsic physical limitation of silicon-based devices. Herein, the coexistence of positive persistent photoconductivity (PPPC) and negative persistent photoconductivity (NPPC) in SnSe thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition provides an excellent avenue for engineering novel devices. It is determined that surface oxygen is co-regulated by physisorption and chemisorption, and the NPPC is attributed to the photo-controllable oxygen desorption behavior.

Associations between 24-hour activity behaviours and emotional and behavioural problems of left-behind children: a component analysis of data from a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study employed compositional data analysis to examine the association between 24-hour activity behaviours and emotional and behavioural problems among left-behind children (LBC).

Design: Cross-sectional analysis.

Setting: The research used a cross-sectional approach to analyse data collected from LBC living in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, southern China, between February and May 2023.

Effects of dark septate endophyte on root growth, physiology and transcriptome of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedlings under drought stress.

As the only evergreen relict species in the desert environment of western China, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Leguminosae) roots is colonized with dark septate endophytes (DSE), but the potential of DSE to alleviate the adverse effects of drought on seedling roots remains uncertain. This study examined the effects of DSE on root growth, physiology and transcriptome of A. mongolicus under drought stress.

Uncovering the pharmacological mechanism and the main herbal medicine contributing to the efficacy of Xiaoyanlidan Tablet (XYLDT) in treating cholestatic liver injury.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Xiaoyanlidan Tablet (XYLDT) is a Chinese patent medicine consisted of three traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) including Andrographis Herba (AH), Linearstripe Rabdosia Herba (LRH) and Picrasmae Ramulus et Folium (PRF). In Chinese traditional medicine theory, XYLDT has the "heat-clearing, dampness-dispelling and gallbladder function promoting" properties, and was widely used in the clinic for decades to treat pain in the subcostal region or bitter taste in the mouth, which were induced by liver-gallbladder dampness-heat. Meanwhile, it was also used for the therapy of acute cholecystitis and cholangitis.

Intestinal microbiome changes and mechanisms of maintenance hemodialysis patients with constipation.

Background: Constipation is a common symptom in maintenance hemodialysis patients and greatly affects the quality of survival of hemodialysis patients. Fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotics are feasible treatments for functional constipation, but there is still a gap in the research on the characteristics of gut flora in patients with maintenance hemodialysis combined with constipation. The aim of this study is to clarify the characteristics of the intestinal flora and its changes in maintenance hemodialysis patients with constipation.

Joint scheduling of vertical and horizontal transportation for underground container logistics in seaport terminals.

The underground logistics system is a relatively new concept for container transportation, which is designed to reduce the congestion and pollution on the road caused by the sharply growing number of collections and distributions of containers in the port cities. This paper considers a system where some underground logistics vehicles (ULVs) are marshaled and used to transport containers between two port terminals through a deep underground tunnel. Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) are used for horizontal transportation of containers in the above-ground yard of the terminals, and yard cranes (YCs) are used to transfer the containers vertically through a shaft linking the above-ground yard and the deep underground tunnel.

Liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a proposal for including preoperative serological indicators improves the Milan criteria expanded.

Background: Liver transplantation (LT) is the most effective and radical treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Most LT criteria are based on the morphological characteristics of tumors, which are not enough to predict the risk of tumor recurrence. It is found that some serological biomarkers can predict tumor recurrence and may be a good indicator for selecting suitable HCC patients for LT.

Associations Between Atherosclerosis and Subsequent Cognitive Decline: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: This study aimed to examine whether baseline atherosclerosis was associated with subsequent short-term domain-specific cognitive decline.

Methods And Results: This research was based on the BRAVE (Beijing Research on Aging and Vessel) study, a population-based prospective cohort study of adults aged 40 to 80 years, free of dementia. At baseline (wave 1, 2019), cognitive assessments and atherosclerosis measures, including carotid intima-media thickness, carotid plaques, coronary artery calcification, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity were conducted.

Coordinated Interactions between the Hippocampus and Retrosplenial Cortex in Spatial Memory.

While a hippocampal-cortical dialogue is generally thought to mediate memory consolidation, which is crucial for engram function, how it works remains largely unknown. Here, we examined the interplay of neural signals from the retrosplenial cortex (RSC), a neocortical region, and from the hippocampus in memory consolidation by simultaneously recording sharp-wave ripples (SWRs) of dorsal hippocampal CA1 and neural signals of RSC in free-moving mice during the delayed spatial alternation task (DSAT) and subsequent sleep. Hippocampal-RSC coordination during SWRs was identified in nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, reflecting neural reactivation of decision-making in the task, as shown by a peak reactivation strength within SWRs.

Insights into the accumulation and hepatobiliary transport of bisphenols (BPs) in liver and bile.

Bisphenols (BPs) are widely distributed in daily life as typical endocrine disruptors. In this study, we examined the distribution of bisphenol A (BPA) and BPA alternatives in liver (n = 149) and bile (n = 102) tissues from the patients with liver cancer, and calculated the hepatobiliary transport efficiency of BPs (T). Seven BPs were detected in both liver (median: 0.

JMJD1C forms condensates to facilitate a RUNX1-dependent gene expression program shared by multiple types of AML cells.

JMJD1C, a member of the lysine demethylase 3 (KDM3) family, is universally required for the survival of several types of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells with different genetic mutations, representing a therapeutic opportunity with broad application. Yet how JMJD1C regulates the leukemic programs of various AML cells is largely unexplored. Here we show that JMJD1C interacts with the master hematopoietic transcription factor RUNX1, which thereby recruits JMJD1C to the genome to facilitate a RUNX1-driven transcriptional program that supports leukemic cell survival.

Plasma proteomic and polygenic profiling improve risk stratification and personalized screening for colorectal cancer.

This study aims to identify colorectal cancer (CRC)-related proteomic profiles and develop a prediction model for CRC onset by integrating proteomic profiles with genetic and non-genetic factors (QCancer-15) to improve the risk stratification and estimate of personalized initial screening age. Here, using a two-stage strategy, we prioritize 15 protein biomarkers as predictors to construct a protein risk score (ProS). The risk prediction model integrating proteomic profiles with polygenic risk score (PRS) and QCancer-15 risk score (QCancer-S) shows improved performance (C-statistic: 0.