Endogenous hydrogen sulfide persulfidates endothelin type A receptor to inhibit pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation.

Background: The binding of endothelin-1 (ET-1) to endothelin type A receptor (ETAR) performs a critical action in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation leading to pulmonary vascular structural remodeling. More evidence showed that cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE)-catalyzed endogenous hydrogen sulfide (HS) was involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of endogenous HS/CSE pathway on the ET-1/ETAR binding and its underlying mechanisms in the cellular and animal models of PASMC proliferation.

Targeting the mTOR-Autophagy Axis: Unveiling Therapeutic Potentials in Osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a widespread age-related disorder marked by decreased bone density and increased fracture risk, presenting a significant public health challenge. Central to the development and progression of OP is the dysregulation of the mechanistic target of the rapamycin (mTOR)-signaling pathway, which plays a critical role in cellular processes including autophagy, growth, and proliferation. The mTOR-autophagy axis is emerging as a promising therapeutic target due to its regulatory capacity in bone metabolism and homeostasis.

[Research progress on femoral attachment positioning during medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction].

Objective: To review research progress on femoral attachment positioning during medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction, so as to provide a reference for accurate positioning in clinic.

Methods: The literature at home and abroad on femoral attachment positioning during MPFL reconstruction was extensively reviewed and summarized.

Results: MPFL is the main ligament that restricts patellar outward migration, so MPFL reconstruction is the main treatment for patellar dislocation, but the accuracy of intraoperative femoral attachment positioning will significantly affect the effectiveness.

Age Is a Key Factor Influencing the Choice of Treatment for Primary Patellar Dislocation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Primary patellar dislocation has a certain recurrence rate after either conservative or surgical treatment, and the optimal treatment for patients with primary patellar dislocation of different ages remains unclear. This study aims to compare the clinical efficacy of surgical and conservative treatments for primary patellar dislocation across different age groups. According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) checklist, we conducted a systematic search for randomized controlled trials.

Percutaneous Intradiscal Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation Combined with Sinuvertebral Nerve Ablation for the Treatment of Discogenic Low Back Pain.

Background: Percutaneous intervertebral radiofrequency thermocoagulation (PIRFT) and sinuvertebral nerve ablation (SVNA) are commonly used clinical treatments for discogenic low back pain (DLBP). However, they have been reported to have low efficacy rates of approximately 16.5%-26.

PGRMC2 influences the onset of postmenopausal osteoporosis through disulfidptosis in monocytes: Evidence from experimental validation and Mendelian randomization.

This study explores the role of disulfidptosis in monocytes and its relation to postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP). Using single-cell RNA sequencing and microarray assays, we identified key genes: LONRF1, ACAP2, IPO9, and PGRMC2. Through differential analysis, Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), and machine learning, these genes were linked to PMOP.

Tissue engineering strategies hold promise for the repair of articular cartilage injury.

Articular cartilage damage and wear can result in cartilage degeneration, ultimately culminating in osteoarthritis. Current surgical interventions offer limited capacity for cartilage tissue regeneration and offer only temporary alleviation of symptoms. Tissue engineering strategies are increasingly recognized as promising modalities for cartilage restoration.

Cystathionine γ-Lyase Attenuates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Senescence via Foxm1-Gas1 Pathway to Mediate Arterial Stiffness.

Arterial stiffness, a hallmark of vascular aging, significantly contributes to hypertension and impaired organ perfusion. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction, particularly VSMC senescence and its interaction with stiffness, is crucial in the pathogenesis of arterial stiffness. Although hydrogen sulfide (HS) and its key enzyme cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) are known to play roles in cardiovascular diseases, their effects on arterial stiffness are not well understood.

IL-16 Mediates the Effect of Circulating Metabolites on Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Two-Step, Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study.

This study aimed to explore the relationship between circulating metabolites and postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) and to assess the mediating role of inflammatory factors. Utilizing summary-level data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and employing a Mendelian Randomization approach, a two-sample MR analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between circulating metabolites and PMOP. Additionally, a two-step MR was used to quantify the mediating impact of inflammatory factors on the effect of circulating metabolites on PMOP.

Sirt1: An Increasingly Interesting Molecule with a Potential Role in Bone Metabolism and Osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a common metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mass, decreased bone mineral density, and degradation of bone tissue microarchitecture. However, our understanding of the mechanisms of bone remodeling and factors affecting bone mass remains incomplete. Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylase that regulates a variety of cellular metabolisms, including inflammation, tumorigenesis, and bone metabolism.

Fluid shear stress-mediated Piezo1 alleviates osteocyte apoptosis by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis serves as a primary cause for secondary osteoporosis and fragility fractures, representing the most prevalent adverse reaction associated with prolonged glucocorticoid use. In this study, to elucidate the impact and underlying mechanisms of fluid shear stress (FSS)-mediated Piezo1 on dexamethasone (Dex)-induced apoptosis, we respectively applied Dex treatment for 6 h, FSS at 9 dyne/cm for 30 min, Yoda1 treatment for 2 h, and Piezo1 siRNA transfection to intervene in MLO-Y4 osteocytes. Western blot analysis was used to assess the expression of Cleaved Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, and proteins associated with the PI3K/Akt pathway.

Advancing prenatal diagnosis: Echocardiographic detection of Scimitar syndrome in China - A case series.

Objective: To investigate the clinical value of echocardiographic detection in the prenatal early diagnosis of Scimitar syndrome (SS) in fetuses, and to develop better and more accurate management strategies for improved prognosis.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on medical records and fetal echocardiographic findings of all cases diagnosed as SS between April 1, 2016 and June 1, 2021. To summarize its echocardiographic features and distinguishing points, comprehensive clinical data and prognostic information were gathered.

Gut-bone axis research: unveiling the impact of gut microbiota on postmenopausal osteoporosis and osteoclasts through Mendelian randomization.

Background: Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a prevalent disease that affects the bone health of middle-aged and elderly women. The link between gut microbiota and bone health, known as the gut-bone axis, has garnered widespread attention.

Methods: We employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization approach to assess the associations between gut microbiota with osteoclasts and postmenopausal osteoporosis, respectively.

Endoplasmic reticulum protein of 57 kDa sulfhydration promotes intestinal calcium absorption to attenuate primary osteoporosis.

Endogenous hydrogen sulfide (HS) plays an important role in bone metabolism. However, the exact role of HS in intestinal calcium and phosphorus absorption and its potential in preventing and treating primary osteoporosis remains unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential of HS in promoting intestinal calcium and phosphorus absorption and alleviating primary osteoporosis.

Association between surrogate marker of insulin resistance and bone mineral density in US adults without diabetes.

Unlabelled: This study examines the relationship between TyG-BMI, an indicator of insulin resistance, and bone mineral density in US adults without diabetes, revealing a positive association. The findings suggest that higher TyG-BMI levels may be linked to a lower risk of osteoporosis, providing a basis for future research in this area.

Objective: Patients with osteoporosis are often diagnosed with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes.

Bone and Extracellular Signal-Related Kinase 5 (ERK5).

Bones are vital for anchoring muscles, tendons, and ligaments, serving as a fundamental element of the human skeletal structure. However, our understanding of bone development mechanisms and the maintenance of bone homeostasis is still limited. Extracellular signal-related kinase 5 (ERK5), a recently identified member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases, especially neoplasms.

Unraveling Key mA Modification Regulators Signatures in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis through Bioinformatics and Experimental Verification.

Objective: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) show significant potential for osteogenic differentiation. However, the underlying mechanisms of osteogenic capability in osteoporosis-derived BMSCs (OP-BMSCs) remain unclear. This study aims to explore the impact of YTHDF3 (YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 3) on the osteogenic traits of OP-BMSCs and identify potential therapeutic targets to boost their bone formation ability.

Do Age and Timing Influence the Outcomes of Single-stage Reconstruction of Multiple Ligament Knee Injuries? 5-10 Years Follow Up.

Objectives: Multiple ligament knee injuries (MLKIs) are disruptive injuries, however, there are controversies in the results of acute and delayed reconstruction. Also, clinical outcomes between patients older or younger than 40 have not been compared in MLKIs. This study was designed to investigate the influence of age and timing of reconstruction on the outcomes of single-stage reconstruction of MLKIs.