Role of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 in experimental Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis.

Bacillus cereus causes a uniquely rapid and blinding intraocular infection, endophthalmitis. B. cereus replicates in the eye, synthesizes numerous toxins, and incites explosive intraocular inflammation.

Severe bacterial endophthalmitis: towards improving clinical outcomes.

Endophthalmitis is an infection and inflammation of the interior of the eye that can result in significant vision loss. This infection occurs as a result of the seeding of organisms into the interior of the eye following surgery (postoperative), trauma (post-traumatic) or an infection in another site in the body (endogenous). The general rate of endophthalmitis has remained steady over the past several years.

Rate of bacterial eradication by ophthalmic solutions of fourth-generation fluoroquinolones.

Introduction: Antibacterial activity of ophthalmic fourth-generation fluoroquinolones has traditionally been evaluated by comparing only their active ingredients, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin. However, ophthalmic formulations of fourth-generation fluoroquinolones differ in terms of the inclusion of preservatives. While gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution 0.

Bacillus cereus-induced permeability of the blood-ocular barrier during experimental endophthalmitis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent blood-retinal barrier (BRB) permeability occurred during experimental Bacillus cereus endophthalmitis and whether tight junction alterations were involved in permeability.

Methods: Mice were intravitreally injected with 100 colony-forming units of B. cereus, and eyes were analyzed at specific times after infection for permeability to fibrin and albumin, quantitation of intraocular plasma constituent leakage, production of inflammatory cytokines, and alterations in tight junction protein localization and expression at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium.

Toward improving therapeutic regimens for Bacillus endophthalmitis.

Purpose: Bacillus cereus causes the most virulent and refractory form of endophthalmitis. The authors analyzed the effectiveness of early treatment with vancomycin or gatifloxacin, with or without dexamethasone, for experimental B. cereus endophthalmitis.

Bacterial endophthalmitis: therapeutic challenges and host-pathogen interactions.

Endophthalmitis is an infection of the posterior segment of the eye that frequently results in loss of vision. This devastating result occurs despite prompt and often aggressive therapeutic and surgical intervention. Over the past decade, research has centered on determining the bacterial and host factors involved in this potentially blinding disease.

Acute inflammation and loss of retinal architecture and function during experimental Bacillus endophthalmitis.

Rapid vision loss and explosive inflammation are devastating consequences of Bacillus endophthalmitis that have not been well defined. We therefore analyzed the evolution of intraocular inflammation and loss of retinal architecture and function during experimental Bacillus endophthalmitis. Mice were intravitreally injected with 100 CFU of B.

Role of swarming migration in the pathogenesis of bacillus endophthalmitis.

Purpose: Bacillus cereus causes one of the most rapidly blinding forms of bacterial endophthalmitis. Migration of B. cereus throughout the eye during endophthalmitis is a unique aspect of this disease that may contribute to intraocular virulence.