Natural and anthropogenic processes affecting radon releases during mining and early stage reclamation activities, Pinenut uranium mine, Arizona, USA.

Radon (Rn) was monitored in open air in publicly accessible areas surrounding the Pinenut uranium (U) mine during mining and reclamation activities in 2015-16 to address concerns about mining related effects to areas surrounding Grand Canyon National Park (GCNP) in Arizona, USA. During July 2015, Rn concentrations associated with the ore storage pile monitoring site were larger than those at the mine vent monitoring site and likely resulted from the relatively large amount of ore stored on site during this period. Higher wind velocities at the ore pile monitoring site generally resulted in lower Rn concentrations; however, wind velocity did not appear to be an important factor in controlling Rn concentrations at the mine vent monitoring site.

"I would love to have online support but I don't trust it": Positive and negative views of technology from the perspective of those with eating disorders in Canada.

This qualitative study aims to explore how individuals who are seeking help and support for eating disorders use various forms of technology. Fifteen participants, recruited from an Eating Disorder Program in a hospital setting and an eating disorder community support centre, voluntarily participated in focus groups and individual interviews in 2015. The authors used thematic analysis to code and analyse the qualitative data, and three themes were identified: safety, connection and technology development.

Collaboration between the general dentist and orthodontist: an essential partnership to ensure orthodontic success.

Orthodontic therapy can significantly improve a patient's quality of life in a number of ways. Benefits of orthodontic therapy include a beautiful smile, increased self-confidence, and better overall dental and periodontal health. Collaboration and communication between the general dental team and the orthodontic team are essential elements to ensuring successful outcomes for orthodontic patients.

Pediatric specialized transport teams are associated with improved outcomes.

Objective: The goal was to test the hypothesis that interfacility transport performed by a pediatric critical care specialized team, compared with nonspecialized teams, would be associated with improved survival rates and fewer unplanned events during the transport process.

Methods: A single-center, prospective, cohort study was performed between January 2001 and September 2002. A total of 1085 infants and children at referral community hospitals with requests for retrieval by the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh transport team were studied; 1021(94%) were transported by a specialty team and 64 (6%) by nonspecialized teams.

Electrical resistance sensors record spring flow timing, Grand Canyon, Arizona.

Springs along the south rim of the Grand Canyon, Arizona, are important ecological and cultural resources in Grand Canyon National Park and are discharge points for regional and local aquifers of the Coconino Plateau. This study evaluated the applicability of electrical resistance (ER) sensors for measuring diffuse, low-stage (<1.0 cm) intermittent and ephemeral flow in the steep, rocky spring-fed tributaries of the south rim.

Bimaxillary dentoalveolar protrusion: traits and orthodontic correction.

A group of 48 ethnically diverse patients with bimaxillary protrusion was used to study the pretreatment cephalometric traits of this malocclusion and the effect of orthodontic correction. All patients were treated with four premolar extractions and retraction of the anterior teeth. Pre- and posttreatment lateral cephalograms were evaluated using a series of 18 linear and angular measurements, and the effect of orthodontic correction was determined using paired t-tests.

Early reversal of pediatric-neonatal septic shock by community physicians is associated with improved outcome.

Objective: Experimental and clinical studies of septic shock support the concept that early resuscitation with fluid and inotropic therapies improves survival in a time-dependent manner. The new American College of Critical Care Medicine-Pediatric Advanced Life Support (ACCM-PALS) Guidelines for hemodynamic support of newborns and children in septic shock recommend this therapeutic approach. The objective of this study was to determine whether early septic shock reversal and use of resuscitation practice consistent with the new ACCM-PALS Guidelines by community physicians is associated with improved outcome.

Event and sideline management of sudden cardiac death.

The increasing use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs), coupled with methods to improve cardiopulmonary resuscitation and implementation of early defibrillation, have significantly improved survival from sudden cardiac death (SCD) in the prehospital setting. This article reviews the evidence and principles of management of SCD in the sports setting. It is noted that ventricular fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia causing SCD in athletes.

Teaching malpractice litigation in a mock trial setting: a center for perinatal medicine and law.

Objective: To describe a novel center for perinatal medicine and law in a school of medicine and assess its inaugural presentation of the role of expert witnesses in a mock trial setting.

Methods: The center's first program was an obstetrics and gynecology Grand Rounds that staged an abbreviated mock trial. The case summary was read.

Measurement of pediatric illness severity using simple pretransport variables.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that pretransport variables can predict in-hospital mortality that will correlate with major interventions and unplanned events during interfacility transport.

Methods: A cohort of children (n = 2,253) transported by a specialized pediatric team to a children's hospital were studied. At the time of referral, data collected included age (months), heart rate, systolic blood pressure, respiratory rate, retractions, stridor or wheezing, seizures, skin perfusion, oxygen requirement, and mental status.

Opiate modulation of striatal dopamine and hippocampal norepinephrine release following morphine withdrawal.

When opiates are abruptly withdrawn after chronic treatment, increases in hippocampal noradrenergic function are observed which are accompanied by decreases in striatal dopamine release. The latter effects have to shown to persist for several weeks following the onset of opiate withdrawal. We examined the long-term effects of opiate withdrawal on 4-aminopyridine and potassium stimulated release of striatal dopamine and hippocampal norepinephrine.

A retrospective analysis of pituitary apoplexy.

Thirty-seven patients with pituitary apoplexy were analyzed with an emphasis on clinical presentation and visual outcome. Their mean age was 56.6 years, with a male to female ratio of 2:1.

Enterogenous cyst of the cervical spinal canal.

A case of an enterogenous cyst of the cervical spinal canal in an 18 year old man is presented, high-lighting the radiological findings. A brief overview is given of these rare cysts, together with their clinical and radiological features and associations.

Cysticercosis producing various neurological presentations in a patient: case report.

We present an unusual case of neurocysticercosis supported by characteristic lesions on computed tomography and positive serum and CSF titres. The patient came to medical attention on various occasions over a decade with three clearly separate neurological presentations (acute psychosis, cerebral infarction, and hydrocephalus) before diagnosis was made.

Iatrogenic spinal subdural haematoma.

Spinal subdural haematoma is a rare condition, usually seen in association with lumbar puncture or a bleeding disorder. It carries a high morbidity and mortality, and successful treatment requires prompt surgical intervention. We present a case of mixed spinal subarachnoid and subdural haemorrhage complicating failed spinal anaesthesia combined with anti-coagulation in an elderly woman, together with a review of the literature.

Hemifacial spasm in an infant due to fourth ventricular ganglioglioma. Case report.

The case of an infant is reported in which hemifacial spasm due to a ganglioglioma of the fourth ventricle was relieved by surgery. Previously described causes of hemifacial spasm are summarized, and the relevance of this case to theories on the pathogenesis of the condition is discussed.

Lumbar disc prolapse on the contralateral side at the same level following discectomy.

Lumbar disc prolapse managed surgically is occasionally complicated by a recurrent ipsilateral prolapse of the residual disc material at the same level, but only rarely by prolapse on the contralateral side at that level. We present a case of the latter, successfully managed by a second microdiscectomy, and review the frequency of such cases in previous series.

Surgical treatment of pontomedullary cavernomas.

Direct treatment of brainstem cavernous haemangiomas (cavernomas) naturally represents a considerable surgical challenge due to the close proximity of vital structures. The results of such treatment have only rarely been described. We report our experience in the management of seven patients with cavernomas of the brainstem treated by microsurgical resection.

Costs, commitment, and rewards: factors influencing the design and implementation of internal labor markets.

Much research on internal labor markets has been hampered by the failure to differentiate the wide variety of ILMs, by accounts of their determinants that too heavily emphasize isolated causal factors, by the lack of detailed material describing the economic and organizational dimensions of their design and implementation, and by the neglect of managerial perceptions of and motivations for constructing ILMs. This paper presents detailed case studies of three organizations that have constructed very different ILMs. Based on this material, a model of the determinants of ILMs is developed that centers around the concepts of costs, commitment, and rewards and that attempts to assess the interactions of effects of markets and hierarchies on ILMs.

Allelopathic influence ofSorghum bicolor on weeds during germination and early development of seedlings.

The allelopathic interaction between sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] and 10 species of grass and broadleaf weeds was investigated. Germination of weed seeds was slightly inhibited or stimulated, depending on species, when incubated in closed Petri dishes with germinating sorghum.