Lincomycin as a growth-promoting antibiotic induces metabolic and immune dysregulation in animals.

Since animal growth promoters (AGPs) are used in large quantities and commonly released to the environment from animal farms, it is necessary to determine whether such agents should be regarded as an environmental toxin that poses a threat to the ecosystem and health risk to wildlife. In this study, a multi-omics approach was employed to explore the effects of a representative AGP, lincomycin, on key metabolic and physiological functions of animals, using a mouse model. The results indicated that exposure to lincomycin resulted in a significant increase in growth rate of mice (50.

Lowering mortality risk in CR-HvKP infection in intestinal immunohistological and microbiota restoration.

Gut damage during carbapenem-resistant and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-HvKP) infection is associated with a death risk. Understanding the mechanisms by which CR-HvKP causes intestinal damage and gut microbiota alteration, and the impact on immunity, is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies. This study investigated if gastrointestinal tract damage and disruption of gut microbiota induced by CR-HvKP infection undermined host immunity and facilitated multi-organ invasion of CR-HvKP; whether the therapeutic value of the rifampicin (RIF) and zidovudine (ZDV) combination was attributed to their ability to repair damages and restore host immunity was determined.

Molecular epidemiology and clinical impact of Klebsiella spp. causing bloodstream infections in Hong Kong.

Background: The epidemiological features of the Klebsiella pneumoniae causing bloodstream infections in Hong Kong and their potential threats to human health remained unknown.

Methods: K. pneumoniae strains collected from four hospitals in Hong Kong during the period of 2009-2018 were subjected to molecular typing, string test, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, whole genome sequencing and analysis.

A Siderophore-Encoding Plasmid Encodes High-Level Virulence in Escherichia coli.

A plasmid that harbored the virulence factors highly like those of the virulence plasmid commonly found in clinical hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae strains was detected in a foodborne Escherichia coli strain EC1108 and designated p1108-IncFIB. This virulent-like plasmid was found to be common in E. coli from various sources.

Transcriptional Regulation and Functional Characterization of the Plasmid-Borne Genes in Typhimurium.

Coexistence of and ( is often associated with the expression of fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella. The actual role of the plasmid-borne gene and its regulatory mechanism compared to its chromosomally encoded counterpart in Klebsiella pneumoniae remain unclear We found that cloning of gene only or chromosomally encoded (ABRc) locus did not lead to an increase of ciprofloxacin (CIP) minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) in Typhimurium, while cloning of the plasmid-encoded (ABRp) locus led to a 4-fold increase in CIP MIC, reaching 0.0065 μg/mL.

RUVBL1/2 Complex Regulates Pro-Inflammatory Responses in Macrophages Regulating Histone H3K4 Trimethylation.

Macrophages play an important role in the host defense mechanism. In response to infection, macrophages activate a genetic program of pro-inflammatory response to kill any invading pathogen, and initiate an adaptive immune response. We have identified RUVBL2 - an ATP-binding protein belonging to the AAA+ (ATPase associated with diverse cellular activities) superfamily of ATPases - as a novel regulator in pro-inflammatory response of macrophages.

Over-Expression of IS-Linked Intrinsic and Exogenously Acquired OXA Type Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing-Class D-ß-Lactamase-Encoding Genes Is Key Mechanism Underlying Carbapenem Resistance in .

is an important clinical pathogen which often causes fatal infections among seriously ill patients. Treatment options for managing infections caused by this organism have become limited as a result of emergence of carbapenem resistant strains. In the current study, whole genome sequencing, gene expression studies and enzyme kinetics analyses were performed to investigate the underlying carbapenem resistance mechanisms in fourteen clinical strains isolated from two hospitals, one each in Hong Kong and Henan Province, People's Republic of China.