Publications by authors named "Bijoy Balakrishnan"

Introduction: Fetal growth restriction (FGR) fetuses develop cardiovascular remodeling and dysfunction and, in this process, heart first compensates by changing its shape from ellipsoid to spherical and then cardiac dysfunction follows. Our aim was to evaluate global sphericity index (GSI) after 32 weeks of gestation to evaluate this change in cardiac shape and correlate GSI changes associated with fetal growth abnormalities.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective study conducted at 32-38 weeks of gestation.

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Aorto-pulmonary window (APW) is a rare congenital heart defect characterized by the connection between the ascending aorta and the pulmonary trunk before its bifurcation, just above the semilunar valves, due to the abnormal development of spiral septum. The short-axis echocardiographic view of the right ventricular outflow track, the three-vessel-view, and the three-vessel-trachea view are the key planes for prenatal diagnosis. We report a case of APW with absent ductus arteriosus in a monochorionic twin, detected by prenatal echocardiography.

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Objectives: The primary objective our study was to assess the role of diagnostic antepartum amnioinfusion on the yield from targeted ultrasounds performed in pregnancies with severe oligo- and anhydramnios.

Study Design: This was a retrospective and descriptive study, conducted in the fetal medicine units of two private tertiary care referral centers in south India. The details of all the cases of diagnostic amnioinfusion performed at these two centers from January 2009 to June 2016 were collected and analyzed.

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The anatomic causes for fetal right atrial dilatation with tricuspid regurgitation include Ebstein anomaly, tricuspid dysplasia, unguarded tricuspid orifice, and Uhl anomaly. Unguarded tricuspid orifice is characterized by complete or partial agenesis of the tricuspid valvular and subvalvular structures. It is commonly associated with pulmonary atresia.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to evaluate the occurrence and implications of persistent right umbilical vein (PRUV) in a cohort from South India, finding it in 23 cases out of 20,452 births, resulting in an incidence rate of 0.11%.
  • The median age of mothers was 24 years, with the diagnosis typically made around 23 weeks of gestation; intrahepatic drainage was observed in most cases, while some had absent ductus venosus.
  • Over half of the cases (52.2%) had additional significant abnormalities, mainly cardiovascular issues, but a good postnatal outcome was noted in 60.9% when associated anomalies were minor or absent.
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