n-n type InO@-WO heterojunction nanowires: enhanced NO gas sensing characteristics for environmental monitoring.

Solvothermal synthesis of 1D n-InO@n-WO heterojunction nanowires (HNWs) and their NO gas sensing characteristics are reported. The n-InO@n-WO HNWs have been well-characterised using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, SEM and HRTEM analyses. The NO sensing performance of n-InO@n-WO HNWs showed superior performance compared with pristine WO NWs.

Ag nanoisland functionalized hollow carbon nanofibers as a non-invasive, label-free SERS salivary biosensor platform for salivary nitrite detection for pre-diagnosis of oral cancer.

A highly selective, label-free, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) based sensor platform employing hollow carbon nanofibers functionalized with silver nanoparticles (Ag@HCNFs) has been developed to monitor anomalous concentrations of potential biomarkers, such as salivary nitrite facilitating pre-diagnosis of oral cancer. Co-axial electrospinning was used for the fabrication of the nanofibrous Ag@HCNFs followed by thermal treatment of PAN/PVP core-shell nanofibers and chemical reduction of silver nanoislands. The developed plasmonic Ag@HCNFs was structurally and morphologically characterized using X-Ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, which clearly demonstrated the successful anchoring of silver nanoparticles on hollow carbon nanofibers.

Tailored construction of one-dimensional TiO/Au nanofibers: Validation of an analytical assay for detection of diphenylamine in food samples.

We report a one-dimensional titanium dioxide encapsulated with gold heterojunction nanofibers (TiO/Au NFs) as robust electrocatalysts for electrochemical detection of diphenylamine (DPA). A TiO/Au NFs were successfully synthesized by a coaxial electrospinning method. The formation of TiO/Au NFs was confirmed by various analytical and spectroscopic approaches.

Double-Sided, Omnidirectional γ-AlOOH Hierarchical Nanostructures: Imparting Enhanced Antireflective Properties with Self-Cleaning Capacity for Optical Devices.

Herein, we have successfully developed an integrated strategy to develop antireflective coatings with self-cleaning capabilities based on periodic double-sided photonic γ-AlOOH nanostructures to transmit maximum incident light photons. Interfacial reflections are instinctive and one of the fundamental phenomena occurring at interfaces owing to refractive index mismatch. The eradication of such undesirable light reflection is of significant consideration in many optical devices.

Development of integrated microfluidic platform coupled with Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for diagnosis of COVID-19.

Corona Virus Disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic has created an alarming situation across the globe. Varieties of diagnostic protocols are being developed for the diagnosis of COVID-19. Many of these diagnostic protocols however, have limitations such as for example unacceptable no of false-positive and false-negative cases, particularly during the early stages of infection.

Unveiling the interplay between induced native defects and room temperature magnetic ordering in titanium deficient disordered-TiO nanoparticles.

Understanding the origin of magnetic ordering in an undoped semiconductor with native defects is an open question, which is being explored actively in research. In this investigation, the interplay between magnetic ordering and excess induced native defects in undoped anatase TiO nanoparticles is explained using an experimental and theoretical approach. It is demonstrated that structurally disordered TiO nanoparticles with a high concentration of native defects such as titanium interstitials and oxygen vacancies are synthesized using controlled atmospheric rapid cooling (i.

Heterostructured bismuth oxide/hexagonal-boron nitride nanocomposite: A disposable electrochemical sensor for detection of flutamide.

Aquatic contamination from the accumulation of pharmaceuticals has induced severe toxicological impact to the ecological environment, especially from non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Real-time monitoring of flutamide, which is a class of NSAIDs, is very significant in environmental protection. In this work, we have synthesized the hexagonal-h boron nitride decorated on bismuth oxide (BiO/h-BN) based nanocomposite for the effective electrochemical detection of flutamide (FTM).

Unidirectional Langmuir-Blodgett-Mediated Alignment of Polyaniline-Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for NH Gas Sensor Applications.

Herein, we report the formation of well-aligned ultrathin films of polyaniline-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (PANI@MWCNTs) with a high orientational order over a macroscopic area by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique and its enhanced ammonia gas sensing properties. During the interfacial assembly process, the PANI@MWCNTs gradually align to form small ordered blocks at the air-water interface, which further organize as a well-defined oriented monolayer. The orientation and alignment of PANI@MWCNTs in Langmuir films at the air-water interface were systematically studied as a function of interface temperature using transmission electron microscopic analysis.

Boosting the performance of NO gas sensors based on n-n type mesoporous ZnO@InO heterojunction nanowires: conducting probe atomic force microscopic elucidation of room temperature local electron transport.

Herein, n-n type one dimensional ZnO@InO heterojunction nanowires have been developed and their local electron transport properties during trace-level NO gas sensing process have been probed at room-temperature using conducting probe atomic microscopy. Solvothermally synthesized 1D ZnO@InO heterojunction nanowires have been characterized by various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, which revealed the mesoporous structure indicating their enhanced sensing properties. The dangling bonds and fraction of metal ions to oxygen ions existing on the exposed crystal facets of the heterojunction nanowires have been visualized by employing crystallographic simulations with TEM analysis, which aided in forecasting the nature of surface adsorption of NO gas species.

Evolution of Temperature-Driven Interfacial Wettability and Surface Energy Properties on Hierarchically Structured Porous Superhydrophobic Pseudoboehmite Thin Films.

Interaction of water on heterogeneous nonwetting interfaces has fascinated researchers' attention for wider applications. Herein, we report the evolution of hierarchical micro-/nanostructures on superhydrophobic pseudoboehmite surfaces created from amorphous AlO films and unraveled their temperature-driven wettability and surface energy properties. The influence of hot water immersion temperature on the dissolution-reprecipitation mechanism and the surface geometry of the AlO film have been extensively analyzed, which helped in attaining the optimal Cassie-Baxter state.

Porous, n-p type ultra-long, ZnO@BiO heterojunction nanorods - based NO gas sensor: new insights towards charge transport characteristics.

Herein, porous 1D n-p type ultra-long ZnO@Bi2O3 heterojunction nanorods have been synthesized by a solvothermal method and their complex charge transport characteristics pertaining to NO2 gas sensing properties have been investigated. The porous structure of the ZnO@Bi2O3 heterojunction nanorods assisted in achieving superior sensing properties compared to pristine ZnO nanorods. Temperature-dependent in situ electrical studies of the porous heterojunction nanorods explored the unique electron transport properties under different environments, which revealed the accumulation/depletion of electrons and charge carrier recombination leading to band bending at the metal oxide heterojunctions.

Development of low-cost hybrid multi-walled carbon nanotube-based ammonia gas-sensing strips with an integrated sensor read-out system for clinical breath analyzer applications.

This work demonstrates the development of Ag@polyaniline/multi-walled carbon nanotube nanocomposite-based sensor strips and a suitable integrated electronic read-out system for the measurement of trace-level concentrations of ammonia (NH). The sensor is optimized under various operating conditions and the resulting sensor exhibited an enhanced response (32% for 2 ppm) with excellent selectivity. Stable performance was observed towards NH in the presence of high concentrations of CO (>40 000 ppm), simulated and real breath samples.

Highly Sensitive, Temperature-Independent Oxygen Gas Sensor Based on Anatase TiO Nanoparticle Grafted, 2D Mixed Valent VO Nanoflakelets.

Herein, we report a facile approach for the synthesis of TiO nanoparticles tethered on 2D mixed valent vanadium oxide (VO /TiO) nanoflakelets using a thermal decomposition assisted hydrothermal method and investigation of its temperature-independent performance enhancement in oxygen-sensing properties. The material was structurally characterized using XRD, TEM, Raman, DSC, and XPS analysis. The presence of mixed valent states, such as VO and VO in VO , and the metastable properties of VO have been found to play crucial roles in the temperature-independent electrical conductivity of VO /TiO nanoflakelets.

Optical detection of CA 15.3 breast cancer antigen using CdS quantum dot.

The present study focus on optical sensing of breast cancer antigen 15.3 (CA 15.3) using cadmium sulphide quantum dot (CdS-QD) in saline and serum samples spiked with antigen.

Technologies for Clinical Diagnosis Using Expired Human Breath Analysis.

This review elucidates the technologies in the field of exhaled breath analysis. Exhaled breath gas analysis offers an inexpensive, noninvasive and rapid method for detecting a large number of compounds under various conditions for health and disease states. There are various techniques to analyze some exhaled breath gases, including spectrometry, gas chromatography and spectroscopy.