Ergonomics in Laparoscopic Box Training and Virtual Reality (VR) Simulations: A Systematic Review.

Laparoscopic surgery has now become the gold standard in managing most surgical cases. Despite its advantages, working hours and in-theatre training restrictions have prompted trainees to explore alternatives like virtual reality (VR) simulations and box training. Furthermore, given the increased frequency of minimally invasive surgery and the prevalence of musculoskeletal issues among surgeons, there's a growing effort to optimize ergonomics.

Assessing the Efficacy of Enhanced Versus Standard Three-Dimensional Training Models in Laparoscopic Skills Acquisition: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Novice Medical Students.

Objective: The aim of the study was to determine if laparoscopic skills acquisition will be superior with the use of 3D-enhanced training models with increased dimensionality and spatial complexity compared to standard 3D LapPass training models in novice medical students. We hypothesized that adopting low-fidelity, 3D-enhanced training models in the 2D visual modality may expedite adaptation to monocular cues related to depth perception, enhancing performance.

Design: A prospective, single-center, 2-arm, randomized controlled trial with participants randomized equally into either 3D-enhanced or standard 3D group (allocation ratio 1:1, block sizes 2 and 4) performing 2 standardized laparoscopic tasks: (1) polo grasping and manipulation and (2) intracorporeal suturing.

Comparative Analysis of Learning Curves in Robotic Versus Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Systematic Review.

Robotic surgery has undergone much development and increased use over the years; it has offered many benefits for the operating surgeon compared to the more restrictive nature of conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) which is the current standard of care. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have attempted to draw a comparison between the two in terms of the cases required for the learning curve to be achieved. The systematic review was performed at Barts Cancer Institute.

Laparoscopy versus endovascular aneurysm repair for abdominal aortic aneurysm: A systematic review.

Minimally invasive surgery is a useful alternative to open repair for patients with nonruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). We aim to compare the clinical outcomes for three different minimally invasive techniques: hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery (HALS), total laparoscopic surgery (TLS), and endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). The electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library were searched between January and March 2023.

Reducing re-excision rates in breast conserving surgery with Margin Probe: systematic review.

Introduction: Different intraoperative techniques with varying levels of evidence are available to decrease positive surgical margins during breast conserving surgery. The aim of this review is to assess the effectiveness of the MarginProbe® device as an intraoperative adjunct tool in reducing positive surgical margins, and subsequently exploring the effect on patient re-excision rates.

Methodology: A systematic review of the available medical literature was conducted from 2007 to March 2022.

Perioperative outcomes between laparoscopic versus open versus robotic partial nephrectomy: Current Review.

Background: Surgical treatment of small renal tumours remain gold-standard for individuals who are suitable candidates. Over the last decade, minimally invasive surgery has provided significant advancements within the field of urological surgery. However, there is still a debate on which surgical modality is superior.

Efficacy of Massage Techniques for Hypertrophic Burn Scars - A Systematic Review of Literature.

Despite advancements in burn care, evidence estimates that pathological scarring occurs in 32%-75% of cutaneous burns. Scar massage therapy is an under researched method of management for hypertrophic burn scars which has scope to be a low-cost treatment alternative. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the efficacy of scar massage techniques for common hypertrophic burn scar symptoms such as contraction, pruritus, pain and visibility.

Accuracy of diagnostic tests in cardiac injury after blunt chest trauma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The diagnosis of cardiac contusion, caused by blunt chest trauma, remains a challenge due to the non-specific symptoms it causes and the lack of ideal tests to diagnose myocardial damage. A cardiac contusion can be life-threatening if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Several diagnostic tests have been used to evaluate the risk of cardiac complications, but the challenge of identifying patients with contusions nevertheless remains.

An international consensus for mitigation of the detrimental effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on laparoscopic training.

Aim: Achieve an international consensus on how to recover lost training opportunities. The results of this study will help inform future EAES guidelines about the recovery of surgical training before and after the pandemic.

Background: A global survey conducted by our team demonstrated significant disruption in surgical training during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Robotic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy, comparing therapeutic indexes; a systematic review.

Background: Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is a challenging procedure with peri-operative complications. Robotic surgery offers improved dexterity, visibility, and accessibility. Recently, many centres have reported improved clinical outcomes for robotic PD.

Assessment of an Articulating Laparoscopic Needle Holder (FlexDex™) Compared to a Conventional Rigid Needle Holder in 2-Dimension Vision Amongst Novices: A Randomised Controlled Study.

Aim: This study aims to compare novice performance of advanced bimanual laparoscopic skills using an articulating laparoscopic device (FlexDex™) compared to a standard rigid needle holder amongst surgical novices in 2-dimension (2D) visualisation.

Methods: In this prospective randomised trial, novices (n = 40) without laparoscopic experience were recruited and randomised into two groups, which used either traditional rigid needle holders or the FlexDex™. Both groups performed 10 repetitions of a validated assessment task.

Comparison of a virtual reality compression-only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) course to the traditional course with content validation of the VR course - A randomized control pilot study.

Introduction: Technology has been a major contributor to recent changes in education, where simulation plays a huge role by providing a unique safe environment, especially with the recent incorporation of immersive virtual reality (VR) training. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is said to double, even triple survival from cardiac arrest, and hence it is crucial to ensure optimal acquisition and retention of these skills. In this study, we aim to compare a VR CPR teaching program to current teaching methods with content validation of the VR course.

The development and evaluation of "Training the trainer" curriculum for surgical residents: Feasibility study.

Background: Over the last decades, there has been greater emphasis on enhancing teaching skills and concepts of Train-The-Trainer (TTT) have been widely adopted across surgical training programs. Current TTT curricula, however, mostly address teaching generic principles without specific guidance on how to teach technical skills among residents. The aim of this proof-of-concept study was to design a bespoke TTT curriculum for surgical technical skills and evaluate its impact.

Evaluation of Advanced Bimanual Skills in Novices Using the Wrist-Like FlexDex™ Articulating Laparoscopic Needle Holder in 2D and 3D Vision: A Randomised Trial.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the novice performance of advanced bimanual laparoscopic skills using the articulating FlexDex laparoscopic needle holder in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) visual systems.

Methods: In this prospective randomised trial, novices (n=40) without laparoscopic experience were recruited from a university cohort and randomised into two groups, which used the FlexDex and 2D or the FlexDex™ and 3D. Both groups performed 10 repetitions of a validated assessment task.

Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Neonates: Has the Brain Taken a Hit 10 Years Later?

Background: The neonate with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is at risk of developing poor neurodevelopmental outcomes. There is a dearth of long-term follow-up studies in this field, with a majority of studies reporting a follow-up duration of 2 years. The aim of this study was to assess neurodevelopment of babies diagnosed with NEC more than a decade ago.

Microwave ablation compared with radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of liver cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Guidelines have reported that although microwave ablation (MWA) has potential advantages over radiofrequency ablation (RFA), superiority in efficacy and safety remain unclear. Aim of the study is to compare MWA with RFA in the treatment of liver cancer.

Methods: Meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines for studies published from 2010 onwards.

The surgical management of cutaneous abscesses: A UK cross-sectional survey.

Aim: Cutaneous abscesses are one of the most common acute general surgery presentations. This study aimed to understand the current practice in the management of cutaneous abscesses in the United Kingdom (UK), once the decision has been made that acute surgical incision and drainage (I&D) is required.

Method: General surgeons from across the UK were surveyed on their opinions on the optimum management of cutaneous abscesses.

The effect of verbal feedback, video feedback, and self-assessment on laparoscopic intracorporeal suturing skills in novices: a randomized trial.

Background: Laparoscopic skill acquisition involves a steep learning curve and laparoscopic suturing is an exceptionally challenging task. By improving the way feedback is given, trainees can learn these skills more effectively. This study aims to establish the most effective form of structured feedback on laparoscopic suturing skill acquisition in novices, by comparing the effects of expert verbal feedback, video review with expert feedback (video feedback), and video review with self-assessment.

Design of a Proficiency-Based Skills Training Curriculum for Our Newly Validated 3-Dimensional (3D) Laparoscopic Models, Using MISTELS.

: There are presently no courses or training curricula for surgical simulation that include training with 3-Dimensional (3D) laparoscopic platforms. Our aim is to create an expert led design of a proficiency-based skills training curriculum for our newly validated 3D laparoscopic models, using MISTELS compensating speed for precision and accuracy. : In this study, 5 tasks were performed by 12 expert surgeons of different specializations on low-cost, portable models designed for 3D display.

Femorofemoral Crossover Bypass Graft Has Excellent Patency When Performed with EVAR for AAA with UIOD.

Objectives: To compare the durability of the crossover femorofemoral bypass graft (CFFBG) in combination with aorto-uni-iliac stent graft (AUIS) for abdominal aortic aneurysm with the durability of CFFBG used in the treatment of unilateral iliac occlusive disease (UIOD).

Methods: We analyzed the clinical records of 69 patients who underwent CFFBG from 1992 until 2010. Group I consisted of 34 patients who received CFFBGs in combination with AUIS.

Outcomes of laparoscopic Kasai portoenterostomy for biliary atresia: A systematic review.

Aims: Biliary atresia (BA) is a rare disease for which mainstay of treatment consists of open Kasai portoenterostomy. The aim of this review was to assess the outcomes of laparoscopic Kasai portoenterostomy, which offers potential benefits of minimally invasive surgery. Outcomes identified were postoperative cholangitis rates, incidence of adhesions at subsequent liver transplantation, native liver survival rates and actuarial survival rates.

Objective assessment of skills acquisition during laparoscopic surgery courses.

Background: The aim of this prospective study is to objectively assess the acquisition of skills of trainees attending laparoscopic surgery courses.

Methods: Thirty-four junior surgical trainees had their laparoscopic skills assessed before and after attending 1 of 3 separate runs of 3-day core skills in laparoscopic surgery course. Nine control trainees were also included who did not attend the course.

[Genetic background and clinical features of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer].

With the development of the molecular biology more pathological condition have been identified (p53 mutation and breast cancer, Ret protooncogene point mutation and medullary thyroid cancer), which could lead to malignant disease. The recent advances in the molecular genetics lead to the recognition of the hereditary diffuse gastric cancer that inherited in a dominant autosomal manner with incomplete penetrance. About 25-30% of families fulfilling the criteria have germline mutation of the CDH1 gene coding the calcium-dependent E-cadherin protein.