Definition and regulatory analysis of the SUMOylation system in Caixin (Brassica rapa var. Parachinensis) during pectobacterium carotovorum infection.

Background: The modification of protein substrates by small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) plays a vital role in plants subjected to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, its role in the stress responses of Brassica plants remains poorly understood.

Results: A genome-wide analysis revealed the presence of 30 SUMOylation genes in the Caixin genome.

SmHSFA8 Enhances the Heat Tolerance of Eggplant by Regulating the SmEGY3-SmCSD1 Module and Promoting SmF3H-mediated Flavonoid Biosynthesis.

High temperature (HT) is a major environmental factor that restrains eggplant growth and production. Heat shock factors (HSFs) play a vital role in the response of plants to high-temperature stress (HTS). However, the molecular mechanism by which HSFs regulate heat tolerance in eggplants remains unclear.

Mapping and cloning of pepper fruit color-related genes based on BSA-seq technology.

Fruit color is an important qualitative trait that greatly influences the marketability of peppers. Fruit color can be divided into two categories. Green fruit color denotes commercial maturity, whereas ripe fruit indicates physiological maturity.

CaWRKY22b Plays a Positive Role in the Regulation of Pepper Resistance to in a Manner Associated with Jasmonic Acid Signaling.

As important transcription factors, WRKYs play a vital role in the defense response of plants against the invasion of multiple pathogens. Though some WRKY members have been reported to participate in pepper immunity in response to infection, the functions of the majority of WRKY members are still unknown. Herein, was cloned from the pepper genome and its function against was analyzed.

The Jasmonic Acid Biosynthetic Genes SmLOX4 and SmLOX5 Are Involved in Heat Tolerance in Eggplant.

High-temperature stress (HTS) affects the growth and production of vegetable crops, including eggplant (Solanum melongena L.). Jasmonic acid (JA) plays key roles in regulating resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses in plants.

CaMAPK1 Plays a Vital Role in the Regulation of Resistance to Infection and Tolerance to Heat Stress.

As an important member of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, MAPKs play an important role in plant defense response against biotic and abiotic stresses; however, the involvement of the majority of the MAPK family members against and heat stress (HS) remains poorly understood. In the present study, CaMAPK1 was identified from the genome of pepper and its function against and HS was analyzed. The transcript accumulations of and the activities of its native promoter were both significantly induced by inoculation, HS, and the application of exogenous hormones, including SA, MeJA, and ABA.

Transcription Cofactor CsMBF1c Enhances Heat Tolerance of Cucumber and Interacts with Heat-Related Proteins CsNFYA1 and CsDREB2.

Multiprotein bridging factor 1 (MBF1) is a very important transcription factor (TF) in plants, whose members influence numerous defense responses. Our study found that MBF1c in Cucurbitaceae was highly conserved. expression was induced by temperature, salt stress, and abscisic acid (ABA) in cucumber.

A quick and effective method for thermostability differentiation in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).

High temperature affects the growth and production of cucumber. Selecting thermotolerant cucumber cultivars is conducive to coping with high temperatures and improving production. Thus, a quick and effective method for screening thermotolerant cucumber cultivars is needed.

A putative E3 ubiquitin ligase substrate receptor degrades transcription factor SmNAC to enhance bacterial wilt resistance in eggplant.

Bacterial wilt caused by is a severe soil-borne disease globally, limiting the production in Solanaceae plants. SmNAC negatively regulated eggplant resistance to Bacterial wilt (BW) though restraining salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis. However, other mechanisms through which SmNAC regulates BW resistance remain unknown.

Destruxin A inhibits the hemocytin-mediated hemolymph immunity of host insects to facilitate Metarhizium infection.

Insects have an effective innate immune system to protect themselves against fungal invasion. Metarhizium employs a toxin-based strategy using a nonribosomal peptide called destruxin A (DA) to counteract the host immune response. However, the mechanism by which DA inhibits insect immunity is still unclear.

Systematic analysis of the UDP-glucosyltransferase family: discovery of a member involved in rutin biosynthesis in .

Eggplant () is an economically important crop and rich in various nutrients, among which rutin that has positive effects on human health is found in eggplant. Glycosylation mediated by UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) is a key step in rutin biosynthesis. However, the gene has not been reported in eggplant to date.

Identification and characterization analysis of candidate genes controlling mushroom leaf development in Chinese kale by BSA-seq.

Unlabelled: Mushroom leaves (MLs) are malformed leaves that develop from the leaf veins in some of Chinese kale genotypes. To study the genetic model and molecular mechanism of ML development in Chinese kale, the F segregation population was constructed by two inbred lines, genotype Boc52 with ML and genotype Boc55 with normal leaves (NL). In the present study, we have identified for the first time that the development of mushroom leaves may be affected by the change of adaxial-abaxial polarity of leaves.

An R-R-type MYB transcription factor promotes non-climacteric pepper fruit carotenoid pigment biosynthesis.

Carotenoids are major accessory pigments in the chloroplast, and they also act as phytohormones and volatile compound precursors to influence plant development and confer characteristic colours, affecting both the aesthetic and nutritional value of fruits. Carotenoid pigmentation in ripening fruits is highly dependent on developmental trajectories. Transcription factors incorporate developmental and phytohormone signalling to regulate the biosynthesis process.

Genome-Wide Analysis and Characterization of Eggplant F-Box Gene Superfamily: Gene Evolution and Expression Analysis under Stress.

F-box genes play an important role in plant growth and resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses. To date, systematic analysis of F-box genes and functional annotation in eggplant () is still limited. Here, we identified 389 F-box candidate genes in eggplant.

and Regulate the Biosynthesis of Progoitrin Glucosinolate in Chinese Kale.

Progoitrin (2-hydroxy-3-butenyl glucosinolate, PRO) is the main source of bitterness of plants. Research on the biosynthesis of PRO glucosinolate can aid the understanding of the nutritional value in plants. In this study, four ODD genes likely involved in PRO biosynthesis were cloned from Chinese kale.

Ethylene Inhibits Anthocyanin Biosynthesis by Repressing the R2R3-MYB Regulator in Tomato.

Fruit ripening is usually accompanied by anthocyanin accumulation. Ethylene is key in ripening-induced anthocyanin production in many fruits. However, the effects of fruit ripening and ethylene on anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple tomato fruits are unclear.

The 3D architecture of the pepper genome and its relationship to function and evolution.

The organization of chromatin into self-interacting domains is universal among eukaryotic genomes, though how and why they form varies considerably. Here we report a chromosome-scale reference genome assembly of pepper (Capsicum annuum) and explore its 3D organization through integrating high-resolution Hi-C maps with epigenomic, transcriptomic, and genetic variation data. Chromatin folding domains in pepper are as prominent as TADs in mammals but exhibit unique characteristics.

Heat Stress Resistance Mechanisms of Two Cucumber Varieties from Different Regions.

High temperatures affect the yield and quality of vegetable crops. Unlike thermosensitive plants, thermotolerant plants have excellent systems for withstanding heat stress. This study evaluated various heat resistance indexes of the thermotolerant cucumber (TT) and thermosensitive cucumber (TS) plants at the seedling stage.

CsIVP Modulates Low Nitrogen and High-Temperature Resistance in Cucumber.

Crop plants experience various abiotic stresses that reduce yield and quality. Although several adaptative physiological and defense responses to single stress have been identified, the behavior and mechanisms of plant response to multiple stresses remain underexamined. Herein, we determined that the leaf and vascular changes in Cucumis sativus Irregular Vasculature Patterning (CsIVP)-RNAi cucumber plants can enhance resistance to nitrogen deficiency and high-temperature stress.

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiling of 2OGD Superfamily Genes from Three Plants.

The 2-oxoglutarate and Fe(II)-dependent dioxygenase (2OGD) superfamily is the second largest enzyme family in the plant genome, and its members are involved in various oxygenation and hydroxylation reactions. Due to their important biochemical significance in metabolism, a systematic analysis of the plant 2OGD genes family is necessary. Here, we identified 160, 179, and 337 putative 2OGDs from , , and .

Genome-wide identification of the Capsicum bHLH transcription factor family: discovery of a candidate regulator involved in the regulation of species-specific bioactive metabolites.

Background: The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors (TFs) serve crucial roles in regulating plant growth and development and typically participate in biological processes by interacting with other TFs. Capsorubin and capsaicinoids are found only in Capsicum, which has high nutritional and economic value. However, whether bHLH family genes regulate capsorubin and capsaicinoid biosynthesis and participate in these processes by interacting with other TFs remains unknown.

Coexpression network analysis reveals an MYB transcriptional activator involved in capsaicinoid biosynthesis in hot peppers.

Plant biosynthesis involves numerous specialized metabolites with diverse chemical natures and biological activities. The biosynthesis of metabolites often exclusively occurs in response to tissue-specific combinatorial developmental cues that are controlled at the transcriptional level. Capsaicinoids are a group of specialized metabolites that confer a pungent flavor to pepper fruits.

Systematic analysis of the Capsicum ERF transcription factor family: identification of regulatory factors involved in the regulation of species-specific metabolites.

Background: ERF transcription factors (TFs) belong to the Apetala2/Ethylene responsive Factor (AP2/ERF) TF family and play a vital role in plant growth and development processes. Capsorubin and capsaicinoids have relatively high economic and nutritional value, and they are specifically found in Capsicum. However, there is little understanding of how ERFs participate in the regulatory networks of capsorubin and capsaicinoids biosynthesis.

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated SlAN2 mutants reveal various regulatory models of anthocyanin biosynthesis in tomato plant.

Combining phenotype and gene expression analysis of the CRISPR/Cas9-induced SlAN2 mutants, we revealed that SlAN2 specifically regulated anthocyanin accumulation in vegetative tissues in purple tomato cultivar 'Indigo Rose.' Anthocyanins play an important role in plant development and also exhibit human health benefits. The tomato genome contains four highly homologous anthocyanin-related R2R3-MYB transcription factors: SlAN2, SlANT1, SlANT1-like, and SlAN2-like/Aft.