FLI1 and GATA1 govern transcription: new insights into FLI1-related platelet disorders.

Germline variants of FLI1, essential for megakaryopoiesis, are linked to bleeding disorders, platelet aggregation defects and mild thrombocytopenia. However, the mechanisms behind these abnormalities remain unclear. This study aims to elucidate the impact of FLI1 variants on human megakaryocytes and platelets.

Insights into the virome of Hyalomma marginatum in the Danube Delta: a major vector of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in Eastern Europe.

Background: Ticks are significant vectors of pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and protozoa. With approximately 900 tick species worldwide, many are expanding their geographical range due to changing socioeconomic and climate factors. The Danube Delta, one of Europe's largest wetlands, is an ecosystem that, despite its ecological importance, remains understudied concerning the risk of introducing new tick-borne viruses.

Performance of clinical metagenomics in France: a prospective observational study.

Background: Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) allows untargeted identification of a broad range of pathogens, including rare or novel microorganisms. Despite the recognition of mNGS as a valuable diagnostic tool for infections, the most relevant indications for this innovative strategy remain poorly defined. We aimed to assess the determinants of positivity and clinical utility of mNGS.

Genotype and Phenotype Characterization of sp. Sarbecoviruses from Vietnam: Implications for Coronavirus Emergence.

Bats are a major reservoir of zoonotic viruses, including coronaviruses. Since the emergence of SARS-CoV in 2002/2003 in Asia, important efforts have been made to describe the diversity of circulating in bats worldwide, leading to the discovery of the precursors of epidemic and pandemic sarbecoviruses in horseshoe bats. We investigated the viral communities infecting horseshoe bats living in Northern Vietnam, and report here the first identification of sarbecoviruses in and bats.

Comprehensive Characterization of Viral Diversity of Female Mosquitoes in Madagascar.

The diversity and circulation of arboviruses are not much studied in Madagascar. The fact is that arboviral emergences are rarely detected. The existing surveillance system primarily relies on serological detection and records only a few human infections annually.

Virus Pop-Expanding Viral Databases by Protein Sequence Simulation.

The improvement of our knowledge of the virosphere, which includes unknown viruses, is a key area in virology. Metagenomics tools, which perform taxonomic assignation from high throughput sequencing datasets, are generally evaluated with datasets derived from biological samples or in silico spiked samples containing known viral sequences present in public databases, resulting in the inability to evaluate the capacity of these tools to detect novel or distant viruses. Simulating realistic evolutionary directions is therefore key to benchmark and improve these tools.

SARS-CoV-2-related bat virus behavior in human-relevant models sheds light on the origin of COVID-19.

Bat sarbecovirus BANAL-236 is highly related to SARS-CoV-2 and infects human cells, albeit lacking the furin cleavage site in its spike protein. BANAL-236 replicates efficiently and pauci-symptomatically in humanized mice and in macaques, where its tropism is enteric, strongly differing from that of SARS-CoV-2. BANAL-236 infection leads to protection against superinfection by a virulent strain.

A Search for Tick-Associated, Bronnoya-like Virus Spillover into Sheep.

Tick-borne diseases are responsible for many vector-borne diseases within Europe. Recently, novel viruses belonging to a new viral family of the order were discovered in numerous tick species. In this study, we used metatranscriptomics to detect the virome, including novel viruses, associated with collected from Romania and France.

Microseek: A Protein-Based Metagenomic Pipeline for Virus Diagnostic and Discovery.

We present Microseek, a pipeline for virus identification and discovery based on RVDB-prot, a comprehensive, curated and regularly updated database of viral proteins. Microseek analyzes metagenomic Next Generation Sequencing (mNGS) raw data by performing quality steps, de novo assembly, and by scoring the Lowest Common Ancestor (LCA) from translated reads and contigs. Microseek runs on a local computer.

Detection of Members, and a Novel in Hard Ticks From Danube Delta.

Ticks are involved in the transmission of various pathogens and several tick-borne diseases cause significant problems for the health of humans and livestock. The members of the genus are mainly associated with argas ticks but recent studies demonstrated the presence of novel quaranjaviruses-like in ixodid ticks. In 2020, 169 ticks were collected in Southern Romania from small ruminants and analyzed by high-throughput transcriptome sequencing.

Bat coronaviruses related to SARS-CoV-2 and infectious for human cells.

The animal reservoir of SARS-CoV-2 is unknown despite reports of SARS-CoV-2-related viruses in Asian Rhinolophus bats, including the closest virus from R. affinis, RaTG13 (refs. ), and pangolins.

GATA1 pathogenic variants disrupt MYH10 silencing during megakaryopoiesis.

Background: GATA1 is an essential transcription factor for both polyploidization and megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation. The polyploidization defect observed in GATA1 variant carriers is not well understood.

Objective: To extensively phenotype two pedigrees displaying different variants in the GATA1 gene and determine if GATA1 controls MYH10 expression levels, a key modulator of MK polyploidization.

SARS-CoV-2 infection in schools in a northern French city: a retrospective serological cohort study in an area of high transmission, France, January to April 2020.

BackgroundChildren's role in SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology remains unclear. We investigated an initially unnoticed SARS-CoV-2 outbreak linked to schools in northern France, beginning as early as mid-January 2020.AimsThis retrospective observational study documents the extent of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, linked to an affected high school (n = 664 participants) and primary schools (n = 1,340 study participants), in the context of unsuspected SARS-CoV-2 circulation and limited control measures.

The virome of Rhipicephalus, Dermacentor and Haemaphysalis ticks from Eastern Romania includes novel viruses with potential relevance for public health.

Ticks are involved in the transmission of various pathogens and several tick-borne diseases cause significant problems for the health of humans and livestock. The composition of viral communities in ticks and their interactions with pathogens, is poorly understood, particularly in Eastern Europe, an area that represents a major hub for animal-arthropod vectors exchanges (e.g.

Prior infection by seasonal coronaviruses, as assessed by serology, does not prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease in children, France, April to June 2020.

BackgroundChildren have a low rate of COVID-19 and secondary severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) but present a high prevalence of symptomatic seasonal coronavirus infections.AimWe tested if prior infections by seasonal coronaviruses (HCoV) NL63, HKU1, 229E or OC43 as assessed by serology, provide cross-protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsWe set a cross-sectional observational multicentric study in pauci- or asymptomatic children hospitalised in Paris during the first wave for reasons other than COVID (hospitalised children (HOS), n = 739) plus children presenting with MIS (n = 36).

Identification of Umbre Orthobunyavirus as a Novel Zoonotic Virus Responsible for Lethal Encephalitis in 2 French Patients with Hypogammaglobulinemia.

Background: Human encephalitis represents a medical challenge from a diagnostic and therapeutic point of view. We investigated the cause of 2 fatal cases of encephalitis of unknown origin in immunocompromised patients.

Methods: Untargeted metatranscriptomics was applied on the brain tissue of 2 patients to search for pathogens (viruses, bacteria, fungi, or protozoans) without a prior hypothesis.

Viromics on Honey-Baited FTA Cards as a New Tool for the Detection of Circulating Viruses in Mosquitoes.

Worldwide, emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) are a major burden on public and animal health. Arthropod vectors, with mosquitoes being the main contributors of global disease, transmit more than 70% of the recognized EIDs. To assess new alternatives for arthropod-borne viral diseases surveillance, and for the detection of new viruses, honey-baited Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) cards were used as sugar bait in mosquito traps during entomological surveys at the Llobregat River Delta (Catalonia, Spain).

RNA Viruses of and and Cattle Susceptibility in the French Antilles.

Ticks transmit a wide variety of pathogens including bacteria, parasites and viruses. Over the last decade, numerous novel viruses have been described in arthropods, including ticks, and their characterization has provided new insights into RNA virus diversity and evolution. However, little is known about their ability to infect vertebrates.

Six Nearly Complete Genome Segments of a Novel Reovirus Identified in Laotian Batflies.

As part of the characterization of viral communities of Laotian batflies, we report here the sequencing of six nearly complete genome segments of a novel reovirus identified in Laotian batflies that is distantly related to reoviruses recently reported in various Diptera species.

Insights into the Host Range, Genetic Diversity, and Geographical Distribution of Jingmenviruses.

Jingmenvirus is a recently identified group of segmented RNA viruses phylogenetically linked with unsegmented viruses. Primarily identified in various tick genera originating in China, Jingmenvirus geographical distribution has rapidly expanded to cover Africa, South America, Caribbean, and Europe. The identification of Jingmen-related viruses in various mammals, including febrile humans, opens the possibility that Jingmenviruses may be novel tick-borne arboviruses.

Monitoring Silent Spillovers Before Emergence: A Pilot Study at the Tick/Human Interface in Thailand.

Emerging zoonoses caused by previously unknown agents are one of the most important challenges for human health because of their inherent inability to be predictable, conversely to emergences caused by previously known agents that could be targeted by routine surveillance programs. Emerging zoonotic infections either originate from increasing contacts between wildlife and human populations, or from the geographical expansion of hematophagous arthropods that act as vectors, this latter being more capable to impact large-scale human populations. While characterizing the viral communities from candidate vectors in high-risk geographical areas is a necessary initial step, the need to identify which viruses are able to spill over and those restricted to their hosts has recently emerged.