Standing on Elevated Platform Changes Postural Reactive Responses during Arm Movement.

: This study investigated the behavior of postural adjustments throughout the entire action: from the preparatory phase (anticipatory postural adjustment, APA), the focal movement phase (online postural adjustments, OPA), to the compensatory phase (compensatory postural adjustment, CPA) while raising the arms in a standing position, both with eyes opened and closed. The goal was to analyze the effects of reduced sensorial information and different heights on postural muscle activity during these three phases. : Eight young women performed rapid shoulder flexion while standing on the ground and on a 1-m elevated platform.

Phase noise mitigation in photonics-based radio frequency multiplication.

Two photonics-based radio frequency multiplication schemes for the generation of high-frequency carriers with low phase noise are proposed and experimentally demonstrated. With respect to conventional frequency multiplication schemes, the first scheme induces a selective cancelation of phase noise at periodic frequency-offset values, whereas the second scheme provides a uniform 3-dB mitigation of phase noise. The two schemes are experimentally demonstrated for the generation of a 110-GHz carrier by sixfold multiplication of an 18.

Joint-Position Sense Accuracy Is Equally Affected by Vision among Children with and without Cerebral Palsy.

We compared the effect of visual information on the dominant upper limb position sense of children with diplegic cerebral palsy ( = 10) and normally developing children ( = 10). An isokinetic dynamometer passively moved the dominant forearm in 120° of elbow flexion/extension until the volunteers stopped the machine to indicate that the elbow joint was positioned in the predetermined target angle. Participants performed this task five times in sequence with and without visual feedback of the elbow angle.

Impaired baroreflex sensitivity and increased systolic blood pressure variability in chronic post-ischemic stroke.

Objectives: Acute post-stroke patients present cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction, which manifests as lower heart rate variability and impaired baroreflex sensitivity. However, few studies performed to date have evaluated cardiovascular autonomic function in chronic post-stroke patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate cardiovascular autonomic modulation in chronic post-ischemic stroke patients.

Cardiac autonomic dysfunction in chronic stroke women is attenuated after submaximal exercise test, as evaluated by linear and nonlinear analysis.

Background: We evaluated cardiac autonomic modulation in women with chronic ischemic stroke (at least 4 years post-stroke) at rest and in response to submaximal exercise test.

Methods: Fourteen post-stroke women (S group) and 10 healthy women (C group) participated in this study. Autonomic modulation (using linear and nonlinear analysis), blood pressure and metabolic variables at rest were evaluated immediately after the exercise test and during the recovery period (20 min).

Aerobic program in persons with stroke: a systematic review.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review on the exercise trials post stroke.

Material And Methods: Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled clinical trials published in PubMed and PEDro. The inclusion criteria were: Studies--randomized or controlled clinical trials; Participants--adults of any age with a clinical diagnosis of stroke; Interventions--any aerobic physical training aimed at improving cardiovascular capacity and/or function.

Evidence of resonant surface-wave excitation in the relativistic regime through measurements of proton acceleration from grating targets.

The interaction of laser pulses with thin grating targets, having a periodic groove at the irradiated surface, is experimentally investigated. Ultrahigh contrast (~10(12)) pulses allow us to demonstrate an enhanced laser-target coupling for the first time in the relativistic regime of ultrahigh intensity >10(19) W/cm(2). A maximum increase by a factor of 2.

Steady magnetic-field generation via surface-plasma-wave excitation.

The possibility of inducing a magnetic field via surface plasma-wave excitation is investigated with a simple nonrelativistic hydrodynamic model. A static magnetic field is predicted at the plasma surface, scaling with the square of the surface-wave field amplitude, and the influence of the electron plasma density is studied. In the case of resonant surface-wave excitation by laser this result can be applied to low intensities such that the electron quiver velocity in the field of the surface wave is less than its thermal velocity.

Anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments in sitting in children with cerebral palsy.

The aim of this study was to examine postural control in children with cerebral palsy performing a bilateral shoulder flexion to grasp a ball from a sitting posture. The participants were 12 typically developing children (control) without cerebral palsy and 12 children with cerebral palsy (CP). We analyzed the effect of ball mass (1 kg and 0.

Observation of magnetized soliton remnants in the wake of intense laser pulse propagation through plasmas.

Slowly evolving, regularly spaced patterns have been observed in proton projection images of plasma channels drilled by intense (≳10¹⁹ W cm⁻²) short (∼1  ps) laser pulses propagating in an ionized gas jet. The nature and geometry of the electromagnetic fields generating such patterns have been inferred by simulating the laser-plasma interaction and the following plasma evolution with a two-dimensional particle-in-cell code and the probe proton deflections by particle tracing. The analysis suggests the formation of rows of magnetized soliton remnants, with a quasistatic magnetic field associated with vortexlike electron currents resembling those of magnetic vortices.

Corporal oscillation during static biped posture in children with cerebral palsy.

This previous study was performed to compare the antero-posterior and medium-lateral displacements and the speed of displacement of the COP of healthy children and compare them to children with cerebral palsy type spastic diparesy. This study had the participation of 10 healthy children (6 girls and 4 boys), between 5 and 10 (7,6 +/- 2,1) years old, and other 10 children, all diagnosed as CP type spastic diparesy, (5 girls and 5 boys), between 5 e 10 (7,3 +/- 1,8) years old. To collect the data, we used the antero-posterior (AP) e medium-lateral (ML) displacements of the COP The parameters were compared by the variance analysis (ANOVA), and the post hoc test was Tukey's HSD.