Post-Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation After 23 Months of Entecavir Prophylaxis.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation can occur in immunosuppressed patients. Specifically, HBV reactivation after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) therapy is a known complication with few case reports and specific treatment guidelines. Our patient experienced HBV reactivation 27 months after CAR T-cell therapy even with 23 months of entecavir prophylaxis.

Performing In Situ Closed-Cell Gas Reactions in the Transmission Electron Microscope.

Gas reactions studied by in situ electron microscopy can be used to capture the real-time morphological and microchemical transformations of materials at length scales down to the atomic level. In situ closed-cell gas reaction (CCGR) studies performed using (scanning) transmission electron microscopy (STEM) can separate and identify localized dynamic reactions, which are extremely challenging to capture using other characterization techniques. For these experiments, we used a CCGR holder that utilizes microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based heating microchips (hereafter referred to as "E-chips").

Step by Step: Managing the Complications of Cirrhosis.

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis is the 11th leading cause of death in the United States. Common causes of chronic liver disease include alcohol, viral hepatitis, and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Inflammation is a critical driver in the progression of liver disease to liver fibrosis and ultimately cirrhosis.

Impact of Different Cardiopulmonary Bypass Strategies on Renal Injury After Pediatric Heart Surgery.

Background: The purpose of this study is to compare the incidence and severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) after open heart surgery in neonates and infants for two different cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) strategies.

Methods: In all, 151 infants undergoing cardiac surgery were prospectively enrolled between June 2017 and June 2018 at two centers, one using conventional CPB (2.4 L · min · m, 150 mL · kg · min) with reduction of flow rates with moderate hypothermia and with a targeted hematocrit greater than 25% (center 1, n = 91), and the other using higher bypass flow rates (175 to 200 mL · kg · min) and higher minimum hematocrit (greater than 32%) CPB (center 2, n = 60).

Introducing and Controlling Water Vapor in Closed-Cell Electron Microscopy Gas Reactions.

Protocols for conducting in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) reactions using an environmental TEM with dry gases have been well established. However, many important reactions that are relevant to catalysis or high-temperature oxidation occur at atmospheric pressure and are influenced by the presence of water vapor. These experiments necessitate using a closed-cell gas reaction TEM holder.

Concurrent Use of Calcium Chloride and Arginine Vasopressin Infusions in Pediatric Patients with Acute Cardiocirculatory Failure.

Acute heart failure (AHF) can cause low cardiac output and poor end-organ perfusion. Inotropic agents along with vasodilators can improve organ perfusion. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) and calcium chloride (CaCl) infusions are increasingly being used in low cardiac output states in pediatric AHF.

Understanding catalyst behavior during in situ heating through simultaneous secondary and transmitted electron imaging.

By coupling techniques of simultaneous secondary (SE) and transmitted electron (TE) imaging at high resolution in a modern scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), with the ability to heat specimens using a highly stable MEMS-based heating platform, we obtained synergistic information to clarify the behavior of catalysts during in situ thermal treatments. Au/iron oxide catalyst 'leached' to remove surface Au was heated to temperatures as high as 700°C. The Fe2O3 support particle structure tended to reduce to Fe3O4 and formed surface terraces; the formation, coalescence, and mobility of 1- to 2-nm particles on the terraces were characterized in SE, STEM-ADF, and TEM-BF modes.

Novel MEMS-based gas-cell/heating specimen holder provides advanced imaging capabilities for in situ reaction studies.

In prior research, specimen holders that employ a novel MEMS-based heating technology (Aduro™) provided by Protochips Inc. (Raleigh, NC, USA) have been shown to permit sub-Ångström imaging at elevated temperatures up to 1,000°C during in situ heating experiments in modern aberration-corrected electron microscopes. The Aduro heating devices permit precise control of temperature and have the unique feature of providing both heating and cooling rates of 10⁶°C/s.

Atmospheric pressure scanning transmission electron microscopy.

Scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) images of gold nanoparticles at atmospheric pressure have been recorded through a 0.36 mm thick mixture of CO, O2, and He. This was accomplished using a reaction cell consisting of two electron-transparent silicon nitride membranes.

A new MEMS-based system for ultra-high-resolution imaging at elevated temperatures.

In recent years, an increasing number of laboratories have been applying in situ heating (and ultimately, gas reaction) techniques in electron microscopy studies of catalysts and other nanophase materials. With the advent of aberration-corrected electron microscopes that provide sub-Angström image resolution, it is of great interest to study the behavior of materials at elevated temperatures while maintaining the resolution capabilities of the microscope. In collaboration with Protochips Inc.

Evaluation of various infused cryoprotective ingredients for their freeze-thaw stabilizing and texture improving properties in frozen red hake muscle.

Various cryoprotective ingredients were evaluated for their freeze-thaw stabilizing and texture improving properties during 6-mo frozen storage when red hake (Urophycis chuss) fillets were injected with sorbitol-sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) (40% to 60% : 3%), 1.5% alginate, or 0.75% alginate with soy protein isolate (SPI)-sorbitol-STPP (5% to 10% : 40% : 3%).

Geographic analysis of traffic injury in Wisconsin: impact on case fatality of distance to level I/II trauma care.

Purpose: Traffic injuries are an important public health problem in Wisconsin. This paper examines geographic variations in the incidence and case fatality of traffic injuries, and evaluates proximity to Level I/II trauma care as a predictor of case fatality.

Methods: Data on all persons injured in motor vehicle crashes on Wisconsin roadways during a 10-year period (1992-2001) were obtained from the Wisconsin Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System.

Residential care supply and cognitive and physical problem case mix in nursing homes.

Objectives: A rapid evolution has occurred in state policy and industry practices relative to assisted living and expanded use of residential care facilities for people with physical and cognitive frailty, yet relatively little is known about the interrelationship between this housing supply and nursing-home case mix.

Methods: The association between residential care supply and the proportion of cognitively and physically impaired nursing facility residents was examined in more than 1,500 facilities in five states.

Results: The proportion of nursing-home cases with only physical and cognitive impairment likely to be affected by emerging long-term care policy appears to be well under 10%.

Variations in the treatment culture of nursing homes and responses to regulations to reduce drug use.

Objective: The study examined the relationship between treatment cultures of nursing homes and their responses to regulations to reduce use of psychotropic drugs mandated by the 1987 Omnibus Budget Reconciliation ACT: The authors hypothesized that reduction in use of antipsychotic drugs was more likely to occur in homes with a resident-centered culture emphasizing psychosocial care, avoidance of psychotropic drugs, pharmacist feedback, and involvement of mental health workers. The authors also predicted greater reductions in drug use in facilities with a less severe case mix and better capacity for change.

Methods: Data were collected in a stratified random sample of 16 skilled nursing facilities in Wisconsin.

A controlled letter intervention to change prescribing behavior: results of a dual-targeted approach.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a drug utilization review (DUR) letter intervention sent only to physicians, sent only to pharmacists, or sent to both physicians and pharmacists in changing physician prescribing behavior for dipyridamole.

Data Sources/study Setting: A Wisconsin Medicaid prescription drug database for data from March 1991 through May 1992 related to both long-term care and ambulatory patient settings.

Study Design: The effects of a DUR letter intervention were tested using a field study, pre-post, nonequivalent control group, quasi-experimental design.

Data linkages for research on outcomes of long-term care.

Medicaid claims were linked with a sample of data gathered for nursing home quality assurance and case mix reimbursement (N = 14,917). This generated patient level records of medical resource use combined with standardized assessments of health and functional status. We describe the linkage process and the characteristics of the combined set of information-its strengths, limitations, and potential uses.

Effect of interfacial variables on metal-porcelain bonding.

While ceramic-to-metal bonding has been used in many applications, the actual chemical and physical factors leading to optimum bond strength are not well understood. In this work, several variables affecting the bonding between dental porcelain and a palladium alloy (85% Pd, 10% Cu, and 5% Ga) were investigated: 1) precoating the metal by sputtering various oxides before porcelaining; 2) peroxidation of the metal base before porcelaining; 3) porcelaining under reducing atmosphere; and 4) surface roughening at controlled levels before porcelaining. Using a modification of the push doughnut shear bond strength test to measure bond strength the following results were obtained.

Eagle's syndrome: a comparison of intraoral versus extraoral surgical approaches.

Eagle first described vague orofacial pain associated with styloid elongation in 1937. Since that time, many authors have described the various clinical symptoms, radiographic features, and treatment regiments seen with Eagle's syndrome. Two cases of Eagle's syndrome treated surgically are presented in this article.

A new fallout prediction model.

The standard method for the calculation of nuclear weapon fallout radiation doses and dose rates in operational type studies for the last 20 yr has been the computer algorithm known as WSEG-10. WSEG-10 uses empirical functions rather than numerical analyses and computes fallout dose (rates) in seconds or less on modern computers. WSEG-10 has long been criticized for its inability to allow for variations in the activity-particle size distribution of the fallout, for its inability to account for fractionation and for the absence of realistic settling rates.

Effect of gibberellic Acid on silica content and distribution in sugarcane.

The effect of gibberellic acid on the content and distribution of silicon in the stem, leaf sheath, and leaf lamina of sugarcane was analyzed in relation to the effect of gibberellic acid on stem growth. Silicon content was measured by neutron activation analysis, and its distribution was followed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray analysis.Foliarly applied gibberellic acid increased stem length and fresh weight and decreased silicon content.

Angiographic demonstration of blood supply of right atrial myxoma.

A 53-year-old woman underwent cardiac catheterization for assessment of coronary arterial disease. An unexpected finding of a gradient between right atrium and right ventricle led to the discovery of an unsuspected right atrial myxoma. The diagnosis was established by the presence of a filling defect in the right atrial angiocardiogram and by the demonstration of "tumour vessels" by selective right coronary angiography.

Biological strandard for electron microprobe analysis of intracellular sodium concentration.

A method is described for the determination of the intracellular concentration of sodium in individual cells using the electron microprobe analyzer. This method gives an accuracy equal to that obtained by using flame photometry on tissues with large cell populations. Intracellular sodium was precipitated in the cell by a fixative containing pyroantimonate.