Reactivation of Epstein-Barr virus among intensive care patients: a prospective observational study.

Purpose: Herpesvirus reactivation has been documented among patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, particularly for cytomegalovirus (CMV). Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been poorly studied despite >95% of the population being seropositive. Our preliminary study suggested an association between EBV reactivation and increased morbidity and mortality.

Abbott® ID NOW™ COVID-19 rapid molecular assay versus Hologic® Panther Aptima™ SARS-CoV-2 assay in nasopharyngeal specimens: results from 1-year retrospective study in an emergency department.

We compared ID Now™ and Hologic® Panther Aptima™ for the detection of SARS-COV-2. ID Now™ showed a positive and negative percent agreement of 86.9% and 99.

COVID-19 Repeated Convalescent Plasma Collection: Analysis of 149 Donations from 88 French Military Health Workers.

Background: Passive therapy with convalescent plasma (CP) could be an effective and safe treatment option in COVID-19 patients. Neutralizing antibodies present in CP generated in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and directed against the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein are considered to play a major role in the viral clearance. CP infusion may also contribute to the modulation of the immune response through its immunomodulatory effect.

Lessons learned from the investigation of a COVID-19 cluster in Creil, France: effectiveness of targeting symptomatic cases and conducting contact tracing around them.

Background: This study presents the methods and results of the investigation into a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in a professional community. Due to the limited testing capacity available in France at the time, we elaborated a testing strategy according to pre-test probability.

Methods: The investigation design combined active case finding and contact tracing around each confirmed case with testing of at-risk contact persons who had any evocative symptoms (n = 88).

Performances, feasibility and acceptability of nasopharyngeal swab, saliva and oral-self sampling swab for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.

Molecular diagnosis on nasopharyngeal swabs (NPS) is the current standard for COVID-19 diagnosis, but saliva may be an alternative specimen to facilitate access to diagnosis. We compared analytic performances, feasibility and acceptability of NPS, saliva, and oral-self sampling swab for the detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A prospective, multicenter study was conducted in military hospitals in France among adult outpatients attending COVID-19 diagnosis centers or hospitalized patients.

Evaluation of the Quotient® MosaiQ™ COVID-19 antibody microarray for the detection of IgG and IgM antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 virus in humans.

The MosaiQ® COVID-19 Antibody test fulfills the minimal requirements for serological testing according to the French regulation.

Molecular epidemiological of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli isolated in Djibouti.

Introduction: While the molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum-b-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli is well known in Europe due to effective surveillance networks and substantial literature, data for Africa are less available, especially in Djibouti.

Methodology: We studied 31 isolates of ESBL-producing E.

Microbiology of French military casualties repatriated from overseas for an open traumatic injury.

Background: This study aimed to describe the microbiological epidemiology of repatriated French soldiers with an open traumatic injury, and to measure the proportion of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB).

Methods: Retrospective study including all French soldiers repatriated in 2011 and 2012 in Parisian military hospitals for open traumatic injury. Results of clinical samples and MDRB screening were collected.

Prevalence and risk factors of sexually transmitted infections among French service members.

Introduction: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) have always represented a public health concern in the military, yet most studies rely on self-reports among non-random samples of military populations. In addition, most of the studies exploring STI rates among the military focus on US service members. This paper assesses the prevalence and correlates of STIs in the French military using biomarkers and compares self-reported versus diagnosed STIs.

Ebola virus disease: Biological and diagnostic evolution from 2014 to 2017.

The Ebola virus disease outbreak observed in West Africa from March 2014 to June 2016 has led to many fundamental and applied research works. Knowledge of this virus has substantially increased. Treatment of many patients in epidemic countries and a few imported cases in developed countries led to developing new diagnostic methods and to adapt laboratory organization and biosafety precautions to perform conventional biological analyses.

Clinical isolates of Escherichia coli solely resistant to mecillinam: prevalence and epidemiology.

In routine susceptibility testing of Gram-negative bacteria, a particular resistance phenotype was observed: an Escherichia coli isolate from a urine sample exhibited resistance solely to mecillinam (MEC) but was fully susceptible to other β-lactam antibiotics (MEC-R-BL-S). The objectives as this study were to determine the prevalence of this phenotype and to describe the phenotype, molecular epidemiology and genetic background. Between 1 January 2014 and 31 January 2016, MEC-R-BL-S E.

Severe infectious mononucleosis in immunocompetent adults.

Objectives: To determine the risk factors for severe infectious mononucleosis (IM) occurrence in immunocompetent adults.

Methods: We performed a multicenter, retrospective case series including immunocompetent adults presenting with confirmed IM between 2001 and 2011. Severe presentations were compared with uncomplicated presentations using Stata 9 software.

Outbreak of CTX-M-15-producing Enterobacter cloacae associated with therapeutic beds and syphons in an intensive care unit.

An outbreak of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacter cloacae (ESBL-ECL) occurred in our intensive care unit (ICU) and involved 18 patients (8 infected and 10 colonized). The mean age of patients was 69 years, and all infected patients had underlying medical conditions. Within hours' recognition of the spread of ESBL-ECL, the infection control team requested for staff education, reinforcement of infection control measures, and environmental screening.

Mycoplasma genitalium: a mycoplasma still underestimated.

Three men referred to the emergency department with suspected sexually transmitted infection like urethritis. After collection of several clinical specimens, they are sent home with a probabilistic treatment. Mycoplasma genitalium research is performed in first line, as Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis, and comes back positive.

[A French soldier returns from the Central Africa Republic with hepatitis A: Vaccination failure is possible!].

In stays in tropical countries, the French military, and travelers in general, are exposed to diseases transmitted by the fecal-oral route, some of which are vaccine-preventable. Here we report a 42-yer-old soldier with hepatitis A, which first appeared on his return from a military operation in the Central African Republic. Despite its excellent immunogenicity and a duration of seroprotection extending beyond 20 years in the vast majority of cases, the hepatitis A vaccine can fail.

Epstein-Barr virus reactivation in critically ill immunocompetent patients.

Background: Herpes viruses can be reactivated among immunocompetent patients in intensive care unit (ICU). Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) have been the most studied. We hypothesized that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) could also be reactivated in immunocompetent patients during their stay in ICU and that this would be associated with morbidity and mortality.

Sensitivity of parasitological tests in imported Plasmodium vivax malaria in adults and impact of chemoprophylaxis and attack type.

Background: Plasmodium vivax is the second most common species among cases of imported malaria diagnosed in Europe. The objective of this study is to describe the sensitivity of the parasitological tests in imported P. vivax malaria, and the impact of chemoprophylaxis and attack type (primary infection or relapse).

[Mycoplasma pneumoniae encephalitis successfully treated by levofloxacin].

Introduction: Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) infection may be associated with several neurological complications. Encephalitis, which affects children and rarely young adults, is the most frequent.

Case Report: A 23-year-old man was admitted for pneumonia with encephalitis.

Effectiveness of latex agglutination slide test in the diagnosis of imported invasive amoebiasis in the emergency department.

We compared a latex agglutination test (LAT) with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect hemagglutination assay in the diagnosis of invasive amoebiasis. A retrospective biological records review has included 639 patients for whom these three serological tests were performed. The sensitivity of the LAT was 97.

The French Military influenza surveillance system (MISS): overview of epidemiological and virological results during four influenza seasons--2008-2012.

Question Under Study: Influenza is a viral infection caused by a pathogen with considerable ability for genetic mutation, which is responsible for seasonal outbreaks as well as pandemics. This article presents the results of epidemiological and virological monitoring of four successive influenza outbreaks in the French armed forces, for the period 2008 to 2012.

Methods: The main events monitored were acute respiratory infection (ARI).