Risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers with insufficient use of personal protective equipment in Denmark.

Aim: The aim was to evaluate the role of insufficient use of personal protective equipment (PPE) in SARS-CoV-2 transmission risk for healthcare workers (HCW) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Prospective study within the COBRA cohort, including 15,127 HCW. Daily assessment of insufficient use of PPE, defined as self-reported PPE failure or noncompliance, in relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection ascertained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test.

Body image and depressive symptoms in Danish adolescents: A cross-sectional national study.

Background: Depressive symptoms are prevalent in adolescents. We aimed to investigate the association between body image and depressive symptoms, and how Body Mass Index (BMI) affects this.

Methods: Survey data from 2017 with 9963 9th-grade Danish adolescents.

Use, failure, and non-compliance of respiratory personal protective equipment and risk of upper respiratory tract infections-A longitudinal repeated measurement study during the COVID-19 pandemic among healthcare workers in Denmark.

Introduction: Upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) are common and a common cause of sick-leave for healthcare workers, and furthermore pose a threat especially for patients susceptible to other diseases. Sufficient use of respiratory protective equipment (RPE) may protect both the workers and the patients. The COVID-19 pandemic provided a unique opportunity to study the association between use of RPE and URTI in a real-life setting.

Unconsciousness and amnesia after cross-body electric shocks not involving the head-A prospective cohort study.

Introduction: Little is known about how electrical current passes through the human body except that it follows the physical rule of least resistance. Whether organs remote from the shortest route of the current can be affected is unknown, as different types of tissue vary in resistance. This may explain why some people exposed to electrical injury report symptoms from the central nervous system (CNS).

Negative Acts as Risk Factor for Work-Related Violence and Threats from Clients towards Employees: A Follow-Up Study.

Background: Work-related violence and threats are major problems in many occupations, especially within the human service sector, with consequences at multiple levels, including reduced physical and mental health, increased absenteeism, and reduced organizational commitment. It is, therefore, crucial to identify risk factors for work-related violence and threats. However, only a few studies have examined whether negative acts at work increase the risk of work-related violence and threats from clients toward employees.

Use of Personal Protective Equipment Among Healthcare Workers During the First and the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Introduction: To treat and properly care for COVID-19 patients it is vital to have healthy healthcare workers to ensure the continued function of the healthcare system and to prevent transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to patients, co-workers, and the community. Personal protective equipment (PPE) can prevent healthcare workers from being infected with and transmitting SARS-CoV-2. Experience and training are pivotal to ensure optimal protection.

Electrical injury and the long-term risk of cataract: A prospective matched cohort study.

Purpose: Over the years, many cases of electric cataract related to severe electrical injuries have been reported. Most have been cases where the entrance or exit point of the current was on the skull or near the eyes. Still, cases of cataract have been reported where an electric current has passed through the body between two contact points remote from the eyes.

Healthcare workers' SARS-CoV-2 infection rates during the second wave of the pandemic: follow-up study.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess if, during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers had increased severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection rates, following close contact with patients, co-workers and persons outside work with COVID-19.

Methods: A follow-up study of 5985 healthcare workers from Denmark was conducted between November 2020 and April 2021 and provided day-to-day information on COVID-19 contacts. SARS-CoV-2 infection was defined by the first positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test ever.

Reliability and structural validity of the Danish Short 4-item version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC4) in adolescents.

Background: The 4-item version of the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-DC) is a self-reported questionnaire used to measure depressive symptoms in adolescents, but the psychometric properties of the scale have been tested to only a limited extent. The aim of this study was to examine the reliability and structural validity of the Danish CES-DC in 9 graders.

Methods: Using a sample of 72 adolescents 15 to 17 years of age from five 9 grade classes, the reliability of the CES-DC was determined by a test-retest study at a 2-week interval.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection Rates Following Use of Regular Compared With Defective Respirators When Caring for COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Follow-up Study.

Background: There is strong observational evidence that respirators are highly effective in protecting the users from being infected with Middle East respiratory syndrome and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), but the evidence for SARS-CoV-2 during daily work is limited. This study utilized a subset of healthcare workers' temporary use of a new brand respirator with frequent defects when caring for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients to assess the protective effect of regular respirators against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Methods: We retrospectively followed 463 participants wearing a regular respirator and 168 wearing the new brand respirator day-by-day when caring for COVID-19 patients until testing polymerase chain reaction positive for SARS-CoV-2 between 27th December 2020 and 14th January 2021.

Neurological symptoms and disorders following electrical injury: A register-based matched cohort study.

Introduction: Electric shocks may have neurological consequences for the victims. Although the literature on the neurological consequences of electric shocks is limited by retrospective designs, case studies and studies of selected patient groups, previous research provides some evidence of a link between electric shocks, and diseases and symptoms of the central nervous system (CNS)(e.g.

Electricians' Health After Electrical Shocks: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Objectives: To examine whether demographic and health factors are associated with risk of electrical shocks and compared mental and physical health before and after an electrical shock.

Methods: A 6-month cohort study of 6960 electricians involved weekly questionnaires regarding exposure to electrical shocks, and health. We examined the association between health and demographic factors and the risk of eventual electrical shocks and health before and after a shock.

Unspecified pain and other soft tissue disorders following electrical injuries: a register-based matched cohort study.

Objective: This study investigates whether individuals who have sustained an electrical injury (EI) are diagnosed with unspecified pain or pain related to the musculoskeletal system in the years following the injury.

Methods: Individuals listed in Danish registers as having sustained EIs were matched for sex, age, and year of injury in a cohort study with individuals having experienced dislocations/sprains (match 1), eye injuries (match 2), and a sample of individuals with the same occupation without a history of electrical injuries (match 3). Outcomes were unspecified pain and unspecified soft tissue disorders.

Incidence and immediate consequences of electrical shocks among Danish electricians: a cohort study.

Objectives: The health-related consequences of electrical shocks are mostly studied in patients from selected cohorts in hospital burn units, by making internal comparisons of subgroups, but without comparing them to unexposed individuals, or considering information regarding the preinjury health of the injured persons. Often, little is known about the details of the electrical shocks. Our purpose was to do a longitudinal study of Danish electrical workers, to monitor exposure to electrical shocks weekly over a 6-month period and to determine whether these shocks have short-term, health-related consequences.

Day-by-day symptoms following positive and negative PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 in non-hospitalized healthcare workers: A 90-day follow-up study.

Objective: Our study aimed to compare symptoms day by day for non-hospitalized individuals testing positive and negative for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).

Methods: In total, 210 positive-test and 630 negative-test healthcare workers in the Central Denmark Region were followed for up to 90 days after testing, between April and June, 2020. Their daily reported COVID-19-related symptoms were compared graphically and by logistic regression.

Mental disorders following electrical injuries-A register-based, matched cohort study.

Introduction: Electrical injuries happen every day in homes and workplaces. Not only may these injuries cause physical damage and disability, they may also cause mental disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate if persons with an electrical injury suffer from mental disorders in the following years.

Contacts with general practitioner, sick leave and work participation after electrical injuries: a register-based, matched cohort study.

Objective: Exposure to electrical current may cause injury with both mental and physiological consequences. This may lead to increased contacts with general practitioners (GP) and the injured person may develop reduced ability to work. We aimed to examine these outcomes in terms of work-participation, long-term sick leave and contacts with GPs.

The long-term course of fatigue following breast cancer diagnosis.

Purpose: Fatigue following breast cancer is a well-known problem, with both high and persistent prevalence. Previous studies suffer from lack of repeated measurements, late recruitment and short periods of follow-up. The course of fatigue from diagnosis and treatment to the long-time outcome status is unknown as well as differences in the level of fatigue between treatment regimens.

Subjective social status is an important determinant of perceived stress among adolescents: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Stress is an increasing public health problem, and the association between stress and subjective social status (SSS) among adolescents has received little attention. SSS in society have shown to be associated with perceived stress, but the association between SSS in school and stress has never been examined. The aim of this study was to explore the association between SSS and perceived stress in Danish adolescent boys and girls.

The Demand-Control model and work-related threats and violence: Short- and long-term associations.

Background: Work-related violence and threats are frequent in human service sectors. Although previous studies have identified several psycho-social work environmental risk factors for work-related violence and threats, the research domain still remains mainly descriptive and non-theoretical in nature.

Objective: Using the Job-Demands-Control model we analysed the relationship between the psycho-social work environment and work-related threats and violence.

Influences of childhood family factors on depressive symptoms in adolescence and early adulthood: A Danish longitudinal study.

The study examined the timing of family socio-economic factors during early (aged 0-8 years) and late (aged 9-14 years) childhood, as well as psychosocial variables in relation to depressive symptoms at the ages of 15, 18 and 21. This prospective cohort study included 3014 young people from western Denmark. Exposure variables were equivalised household income (income), mother's educational level and mother's labour market participation (LMP), derived from registers and self-reported variables family functioning, subjective social status and negative life events.

Work-related exposure to violence or threats and risk of mental disorders and symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective This review aimed to examine systematically the epidemiological evidence linking work-related exposure to violence and threats thereof with risk of mental disorders and mental ill-health symptoms. Methods We searched PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Web of Science to identify original studies that provide quantitative risk estimates. The evidence was weighted according to completeness of reporting, potential common method bias, and bias due to differential selection and drop out, selective reporting, and misclassification of exposure and outcome.

Sociodemographic, personal, and disease-related determinants of referral to patient-reported outcome-based follow-up of remote outpatients: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: We examined the association between sociodemographic, personal, and disease-related determinants and referral to a new model of health care that uses patient-reported outcomes (PRO) measures for remote outpatient follow-up (PRO-based follow-up).

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study among outpatients with epilepsy at the Department of Neurology at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. Included were all persons aged ≥ 15 years visiting the department for the first time during the period from May 2016 to May 2018.

How does psychosocial stress affect the relationship between socioeconomic disadvantage and overweight and obesity? Examining Hemmingsson's model with data from a Danish longitudinal study.

Background: Chronic stress in childhood may increase the risk of overweight and obesity in young people. Erik Hemmingsson has suggested a new obesity causation model which focuses on psychosocial stress. The aim was to examine the associations between socioeconomic disadvantage and overweight and obesity and examine if these associations attenuate, when the effect of the different domains from Eric Hemmingsson's obesity causation model were taken into account.