The total amount of fluid administered is associated with postoperative complications in head and neck cancer surgery.

Objective: Patients with head and neck cancer often undergo extensive ablative and reconstructive surgery. Many risk factors are unalterable, but some operative variables are possible to adjust. The goal of this study was to estimate the association between operative variables and the incidence of perioperative complications in a contemporary tertiary care university-based head and neck patient population and a Veteran Administration hospital head and neck patient population from an earlier time period.

Implementing an Interprofessional Difficult Airway Response Team to Identify and Manage High-Risk Airways.

Objective: To describe a multidisciplinary approach to and results from the creation of a difficult airway response team (DART) to address the management of inpatient loss of airway events.

Methods: Description of an interprofessional process to establish and sustain a DART program at a tertiary care hospital. An Institutional Review Board-approved retrospective review of the quantitative results was conducted from November 2019 through March 2021.

Head and neck cancer readmission reduction (HANCARRE) project: Reducing 30-day readmissions.

Objective: Unplanned 30-day readmissions result in increased costs and decreased patient satisfaction. The objective of this study was to compare readmission rates before and after a multidisciplinary quality improvement initiative that focuses on patient and staff education, use of targeted skilled nursing facilities, and appropriate use of patient observation status.

Methods: This was a quality improvement study of all unplanned admissions to the Head and Neck Oncology service at a tertiary care facility during a 3-year period between October 2015 and September 2018.

Tracheostomy During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparison of International Perioperative Care Protocols and Practices in 26 Countries.

Objective: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a global surge in critically ill patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation, some of whom may benefit from tracheostomy. Decisions on if, when, and how to perform tracheostomy in patients with COVID-19 have major implications for patients, clinicians, and hospitals. We investigated the tracheostomy protocols and practices that institutions around the world have put into place in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Survival, Outcomes, and Use of Acuity Scoring Systems Following Tracheotomy in Veteran Patients.

Objectives: To determine whether established prognosis tools used in the general population of critically ill patients will accurately predict tracheotomy-related outcomes and survival outcomes in critically ill patients undergoing tracheotomy.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of 94 consecutive critically ill patients undergoing isolated tracheotomy.

Results: Logistic Organ Dysfunction System (LODS) and sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores, 2 validated measures of acuity in critically ill patients, were calculated for all patients.

Adult-onset Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma of the tongue: case report and review of the literature.

We present here a very rare clinical case of a 38-year-old man with Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (khe) of the tongue who presented to our institution with a growth under the left side of the tongue with no pain or discomfort. There were no enlarged lymph nodes and no significant neurologic findings. Diagnostic histopathology confirmed the lesion to be khe.

Candidate Biomarkers for HPV-Negative Head and Neck Cancer Identified via Gene Expression Barcode Analysis.

Objectives: (1) Reanalyze publicly available genomic data for HPV-negative oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma to look for candidate biomarkers. (2) Evaluate the association of the identified biomarkers with survival.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

11q21.1-11q23.3 Is a site of intrinsic genomic instability triggered by irradiation.

The chromosome location, 11q21-23, is linked to loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in multiple tumors including those of breast, lung, and head and neck. To examine the process of LOH induction, the H292 cell line (human muco-epidermoid carcinoma) was irradiated or treated with anti-CD95 antibody, and individual clones isolated through two rounds of cloning. Regions of LOH were determined by screening a suite of eight polymorphic microsatellite markers covering 11p15-11q24 using fluorescent primers and genetic analyzer peak discrimination.

A 25-year analysis of veterans treated for tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: To determine the recurrence and survival outcome based on treatment date, type of treatment, stage of disease, and comorbidity and the recurrence and survival differences based on smoking status as a surrogate for human papillomavirus status in veterans treated for tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Design: Outcome cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary care Department of Veterans Affairs hospital.

Primary tumor thickness as a risk factor for contralateral cervical metastases in T1/T2 oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives/hypothesis: Contralateral cervical metastases represent an avoidable source of failure in squamous cell carcinoma (SCCa) of the oral tongue. We sought to identify risk factors for the development of contralateral cervical metastases in T1/T2 oral tongue SCCa.

Study Design: Retrospective review.

Sebaceous lymphadenoma identified by fine needle aspiration biopsy: a case report.

Background: Sebaceous lymphadenoma of the parotid gland is a rare benign neoplasm. This is the first reported case of fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) findings for sebaceous lymphadenoma of the parotid gland.

Case: A 60-year-old male presented with painless, bilateral parotid swelling noted for 5 months.

Focal adhesion kinase up-regulation and signaling in activated keratinocytes.

Background: During wound healing keratinocytes undergo a process called "activation" that enables the cells to spread and migrate on wound matrix molecules. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a key component of integrin-mediated intracellular signaling. We investigated the induction of FAK and its signaling activity during keratinocyte activation.

p16 mutation frequency and clinical correlation in head and neck cancer.

The tumor suppressor gene p16, when altered, has been shown to play a role in oncogenesis in many different tumor types including head and neck cancer. The goal of this study was to analyse alterations to p16 in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the head and neck and to correlate these with clinical outcome. RNA was isolated from 26 SCC head and neck tumors and from 24 matched controls.

Tissue-conserving surgery for prognosis, treatment, and function preservation.

Objectives: To describe an approach based on initial tissue-conserving surgery used to obtain histologically determined prognostic information that has therapeutic implications and the potential to enhance preservation of function.

Study Design: Analysis of a group of patients with head and neck cancer treated initially with tissue-conserving surgery based on Mohs' histographic sectioning and selected neck dissection to derive histologically determined prognostic information with therapeutic implications and preservation in function.

Methods: This study is primarily based on an analysis of patients from January 1, 1989, through June 4, 1996 assigned to a protocol evaluating resection of oral cavity squamous cell cancer with margin control using Mohs' histographic technique and/or a group of patients with neck assessment of NO on clinical examination who are undergoing supraomohyoid neck dissections.

Laryngeal carcinoma nodal metastases and their management.

Each of the three embryologically distinct portions of the larynx has a characteristic lymphatic drainage pattern. One section of this article describes these drainage patterns, along with clinical examples. Traditional and contemporary imaging techniques for the neck are included in a second section, and the final section describes the authors' preferences for treatment of the neck with the rationale for this approach.

One-stage reconstruction of partial laryngopharyngeal defects.

Advanced-stage lesions of the hypopharynx or tongue base often involve the larynx. The difficulty of reconstructing large partial laryngopharyngeal defects can result in total laryngectomy being performed to avoid the assumed problems with aspiration. This article describes the first reported experience using the pectoralis musculocutaneous flap for primary one-stage reconstruction of laryngopharyngeal defects following resection of advanced-stage lesions, to reconstruct both the laryngeal and the pharyngeal components of the defect.

Patterns of recurrence after carbon dioxide laser excision of intraoral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: To examine retrospectively consecutive patients treated with carbon dioxide laser excision of intraoral squamous cell carcinoma for the patterns of recurrence based on the location of the initial primary tumor and on the tumor stage.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Setting: Tertiary care center including a university hospital and a Veterans Affairs Medical Center.

Microcystic adnexal carcinoma: management options based on long-term follow-up.

Microcystic adnexal carcinoma (MAC), a recently described neoplasm that frequently affects the head and neck, presents a confusing problem for the clinician due to its unusual behavior. The individual cells have a bland microscopic appearance, and there is a predilection for neural invasion. Four cases of MAC are reported.

Timolol-induced up-regulation of polymorphonuclear leukocyte beta 2-adrenergic receptors in the elderly.

Drug-induced up-regulation of beta-adrenergic receptors is impaired in the brains of aged rats but not in myocardia. To investigate age-related changes in receptor regulation in human beings, young (24 to 35 years of age) and elderly (62 to 78 years of age) healthy volunteers were treated with the beta-adrenergic receptor blocking agent timolol maleate (10 mg b.i.

Comparison between the effects of aging on antagonist and agonist interactions with beta-adrenergic receptors on human mononuclear and polymorphonuclear leukocyte membranes.

Age-related differences in the binding properties of beta-adrenergic receptors on lymphocyte membranes isolated from healthy individuals have been reported. The purpose of the present studies was to determine whether or not beta receptors on polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) membranes showed similar age-related changes. Plasma Percoll gradients were used to isolate PMN and mononuclear leukocyte (MN) cells from blood drawn in the supine position from young (25-34 years) and elderly (60-76 years) healthy volunteers.

Dopamine, acting through D-2 receptors, inhibits rat striatal adenylate cyclase by a GTP-dependent process.

This report demonstrates that the D-2 dopamine receptors that are present in rat striatum can directly inhibit the activity of adenylate cyclase in a GTP-dependent manner. N-n-propylnorapomorphine evoked a more pronounced inhibition than did dopamine. However, in the presence of the D-1-selective antagonist, SCH 23390, dopamine was also observed to inhibit the enzyme.