[Polish multicenter study on diabetes type I incidence in he age group 0-14 between 1998 and 1999].

The increase in diabetes type 1 incidence observed in various centers in Poland and the need for a centralized study covering large population have resulted in the construction of a standardized registry of type 1 diabetes in 1998 within the Polish Multicenter Study in Diabetes Epidemiology. The aim of the study was to present the incidence rates of type 1 diabetes in the age group 0-14 in 7 distinct regions of Poland (Krakow, Wroclaw, Warsaw, Bialystok, Poznan, Rzeszow and Olsztyn centers) with over 30% of the Polish population at risk in 1998 and 1999. The data for the standardized registry were obtained prospectively from paediatric hospital wards and diabetes outpatient units.

Comparison of maternal and fetal effects of vacuum extraction with forceps or cesarean deliveries.

Results of 90 vacuum extraction (VE) deliveries were compared with effects on the mother and fetus of forceps delivery or cesarean section. Forceps delivery increased the incidence of birth canal trauma threefold and the incidence of anemia sevenfold (18% for VE versus 48% for forceps delivery, and 4 versus 30%, respectively) (P less than or equal to .001).

Uterine contractility and oxytocin sensitivity in preterm, term, and postterm pregnancy.

The records of 117 patients who had serial nonstress tests (N = 285) and oxytocin challenge tests (N = 268) were analyzed to determine whether baseline uterine contractility and/or oxytocin sensitivity changed with increasing gestational age. The results obtained in patients who were delivered before, at, and after term were compared. Uterine contractility and oxytocin sensitivity increased in all groups as gestational age progressed.

Neonatal acid-base balance in spontaneous and instrumental vaginal deliveries.

The acid-base balances of 63 neonates delivered either spontaneously or by the vacuum extractor or low forceps were compared. The outcome was similar in neonates delivered by vacuum extractor or forceps. However, significant differences were noted in the pH and base deficit of infants born by instrumental versus spontaneous delivery.

Premature labor treatment with ritodrine in multiple pregnancy with three or more fetuses.

Modern treatment for anovulatory infertility increases the incidence of multiple pregnancies with three or more fetuses and predisposes to prematurity with high perinatal mortality and mortidity. Premature labor was successfully treated in four multifetal pregnancies with ritodrine hydrochloride, a beta-mimetic drug relaxing the uterus. Another patient misdiagnosed as false labor was not treated and lost three out of four premature babies.

Uterine contractility data processing system.

A versatile system has been developed for off-line computerized quantitation of uterine contractility. It includes tabulation and display of intensity, frequency, resting tone, uterine activity, cumulative area below the pressure curve, and average intrauterine pressure. Its advantages and drawbacks are compared with the conventional method and with an automated on-line labor surveillance system.