Variables Determining Higher Home Care Effectiveness in Patients with Chronic Cardiovascular Disease.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyze the variables that influence the effectiveness of home care in patients with chronic cardiovascular disease and their informal caregivers. The study was conducted in 193 patients and their 161 informal caregivers. The study used the WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Questionnaire, the health behavior inventory questionnaire (HBI), the Camberwell assessment of need short appraisal schedule (CANSAS) and the hospital anxiety and depression scale-modified (HADS-M) version.

The Analysis of the Relationship between the Quality of Life Level and Expectations of Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases under the Home Care of Primary Care Nurses.

The World Health Organization defines quality of life as a person's perception of his or her life situation in relation to the culture and value system in which he or she lives, in relation to and with respect to his or her functioning assumptions, expectations, and standards set by environmental conditions. Meeting the expectations of patients with CVD is one of the factors that positively influences their health status and leads to better diagnostic and treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to answer three main questions related to patients with chronic cardiovascular disease: (1) What is their quality of life? (2) Are patients' expectations about the quality of care provided by primary health care physicians/nurses met (and at what level)? (3) Is there a correlation between patients' quality of life and their expectations of primary health care physicians/nurses? The study involved 193 Polish CVD patients who were cared for at home by a family nurse practitioner working in primary health care facilities.

An Association between Diet and Genetic Polymorphism, in Relation to Obesity and Metabolic Parameters-A Cross Sectional Population-Based Study.

The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene harbours one of the strongest susceptibility loci for obesity and obesity-related metabolic consequences. We analysed whether dietary factors may attenuate the associations between genotypes and obesity and metabolic parameters. In 819 participants genotyped for common polymorphisms (rs17782313, rs12970134, rs633265, and rs135034), the anthropometric measurements, body fat content and distribution (visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, VAT and SAT, respectively), and blood glucose, insulin, total-, LDL-, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides concentrations, and daily macronutrient intake were assessed.

Dietary Macronutrient Intake May Influence the Effects of TCF7L2 rs7901695 Genetic Variants on Glucose Homeostasis and Obesity-Related Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study.

Transcription factor-7-like 2 (TCF7L2) is one of the most important susceptibility genes for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of our cross-sectional population-based study was to analyze whether daily macronutrient intake may influence the effects of the TCF7L2 rs7901695 genotype on glucose homeostasis and obesity-related parameters. We recruited 810 participants (47.

Factors Differentiating Rural and Urban Population in Determining Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Chronic Cardiovascular Disease: A Pilot Study.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to analyze selected variables differentiating rural from urban populations, as well as identify potentially increased levels of depression and anxiety in patients with chronic cardiovascular disease. The study was carried out in 193 patients. The study used the Camberwell Assessment of Need Short Appraisal Schedule (CANSAS), the Health Behavior Inventory Questionnaire (HBI), the WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Questionnaire, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Modified Version (HADS-M).

Needs, Aggravation, and Degree of Burnout in Informal Caregivers of Patients with Chronic Cardiovascular Disease.

This study aimed to answer three main questions with respect to home caregivers for people with cardiovascular disease: (1) Are the needs of home caregivers being met (and at what level)?; (2) what is the level of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment of home caregivers?; (3) what sociodemographic variables of home caregivers are related to unmet needs and level of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment? The study used the Camberwell Modified Needs Assessment questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire. This study reports on 161 informal home caregivers of patients with cardiovascular disease. We found that younger caregivers were less likely to report unmet needs ( = 0.

[Acute poisoning with e-cigarette liquid – case report].

Spreading e-cigarettes popularity comes from relief, the products are safe. They don’t contain carcinogenic substances, that are present in tobacco smoke. But nicotine present in e-liquid is a very toxic alkaloid, highly addictive.

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and respiratory tract infections in pre-school children - a cross-sectional study in Poland.

Introduction And Objective: Knowledge of the harmful influence of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has a positive impact on changing social behaviours worldwide. In many homes smoking is totally prohibited; in some others, partial limitations of tobacco consumption have been introduced.

Objective: To study the correlation between the adopted rules of tobacco use in homes of 3-year-olds, and the kind and frequency of acute respiratory system infections within a 6-month period of attending pre-schools.

[Social support versus chosen health status indicators in primary care patients].

Aim: The purposes of our study were to determine the level of total social support, informational support, instrumental support, appraisal support and emotional support received by patients of primary care as well as factors related to this level with reference to health status and sociodemographic variables.

Method: The sample for current analysis included 516 patients of primary care clinics in Poland cooperating with medical universities. Questionnaires: STAI (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), SCL-90 (Symptom Checklist-90), EPQ-R (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised), GHQ (General Health Questionnaire)and SSS (Social Support Scale)were used in the study.

[Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in pre-school children--a comparative study].

The objective of the work was to compare the socioeconomic situation and the structure of tobacco use in the families of children attending preschools in Bialystok in 2004 and 2012 in terms of 3-year-olds' exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). The study involved 313 children out of 1,200 3-year-olds attending 51 pre-schools in Bialystok in 2004 (Gr I) and 273 children out of 1,100 attending 49 pre-schools in 2012 (Gr I). Information on environmental conditions and the use of tobacco in the families of the studied 3-year-olds was obtained through anonymous questionnaires filled in by their parents or caregivers.

Pedometer assessed physical activity of people with metabolic syndrome in Poland.

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome is a contemporary disease of civilization, an effect of lack of healthy behaviour, a consequence of lifestyle devoid of physical activity, eating poor quality food rich in calories and excessive stress. Apart from a proper diet, physical activity remains an important part of metabolic syndrome management.

Objective: The main objective of the work was to evaluate the physical activity of an adult population of patients with metabolic syndrome.

Psychiatric symptomatology and personality in a population of primary care patients.

Introduction And Objective: Psychiatric disorders (and their high rates of prevalence) in primary care have been widely analyzed, but the problem of underdiagnosis remains unresolved. This becomes increasingly more important in rural health centres in the face of lack of epidemiological data from these centres. The aim of this study is focused on the relationship between general health, psychiatric symptomatology and personality characteristics in the context of an adequate diagnosis.

Rural and urban disparities in quality of life and health-related behaviors among chronically ill patients.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to describe rural and urban disparities in quality of life and health-related behaviors among chronically ill patients. Additionally, effects of health status and health-related behaviors on healthcare utilization were investigated.

Methods: The study included 1239 chronically ill patients from primary care centers in rural areas (eligible patients; response rate: 62.

[Kindergartners' indoor exposition to tobacco smoke and its influence on cotinine concentration in children's urine].

The purpose of the research was to study kindergarteners' exposition to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in houses. Social and economical factors were checked for the improper behavior of grown-up household. Material for the research were data collected from questionnaires filled by children's parents.

[Patterns of drinking alcohol tobacco smoking among 6th year students of the faculty of medicine in Białstok].

Introduction: Alcohol and tobacco are legal, easily available addictive substances. There are no universal criteria of safe alcohol consumption but some scientific studies have allowed for determination of consumption levels helpful in evaluation of the pattern of drinking and evoking readiness to limit the amount of consumed alcohol.

The Aim: The aim of the work was to evaluate and compare the knowledge of 6th year students of the Faculty of Medicine of the Medical University of Biatystok in the academic years 2011/12 and 2012/13 concerning the effects of alcohol abuse, as well as to determine their drinking patterns and tobacco smoking structure.

Health behaviors and quality of life among patients with chronic respiratory disease.

The purpose of this study was to analyze health behaviors of patients with chronic respiratory disease and the correlations between health behaviors (HB) and quality of life (QoL). The study involved 256 adult patients (135 women and 121 men), mean age was 62.6 ± 16.

Alginate-hydroxypropylcellulose hydrogel microbeads for alkaline phosphatase encapsulation.

There is a growing interest in using proteins as therapeutics agents. Unfortunately, they suffer from limited stability and bioavailability. We aimed to develop a new delivery system for proteins.

A thermosensitive carrageenan-based polymer: synthesis, characterization and interactions with a cationic surfactant.

Novel polyelectrolytes were obtained by grafting N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) on the ι-carrageenan (CAR) chain. Two polymers with different grafting degrees were synthesized. The polymers were found to show the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) close to that of PNIPAM.

Curcumin-containing liposomes stabilized by thin layers of chitosan derivatives.

Stable vesicles for efficient curcumin encapsulation, delivery and controlled release have been obtained by coating of liposomes with thin layer of newly synthesized chitosan derivatives. Three different derivatives of chitosan were obtained and studied: the cationic (by introduction of the stable, quaternary ammonium groups), the hydrophobic (by attachment of N-dodecyl groups) and cationic-hydrophobic one (containing both quaternary ammonium and N-dodecyl groups). Zeta potential measurements confirmed effective coating of liposomes with all these chitosan derivatives.

[Evaluation of the risk of alcohol consumption and tobacco smoking among 6th year students of the Faculty of Medicine].

Implementing the National Health Program assumed in Poland for the years 2007 2015, family doctors in their everyday work try to contribute to reducing the popularity of tobacco smoking as well as reducing and changing the structure of alcohol consumption, whose aim is to reduce the negative health effects caused by those substances [9]. Non smoking personnel and prohibition of smoking in health care centres are the basis for effective anti-tobacco counsel. The same dependence occurs in the case of alcohol abuse.

[Alcohol intake and tobacco smoking among students of medical schools].

Purpose Of The Study: To determine the level of alcohol intake (including risky drinking) and tobacco smoking among students of higher medical schools, as well as the level of students' knowledge about epidemiology and consequences of alcohol abuse.

Material And Methods: The study was conducted in 2010-2012 and involved 1054 students of medical school. The majority of the participants were female (82.

[Drinking alcohol--a frequent risk behaviour among upper secondary school students].

Introduction: Health behaviours are being developed over the whole life span of a human. What is particularly important is the behaviours which are consolidated in childhood and adolescence, because a young person with lower self-control ability is more prone to taking risky actions which can result in immediate and future health consequences. The aim of the work is to analyse alcohol consumption among upper secondary school students and to determine the relation between that behaviour and selected aspects of their lives.

Quality of life and acceptance of illness among patients with chronic respiratory diseases.

The purpose of this study was to determine quality of life (QoL) and acceptance of illness in patients with chronic respiratory diseases. The study involved 315 adult patients of the mean age of 63.9±15.

The correlation between quality of life, acceptance of illness and health behaviors of advanced age patients.

The purpose of this study was to analyze correlations between quality of life (QoL), acceptance of illness (AI), and health behaviors (HB) demonstrated by chronically ill patients of advanced age. The study was comprised of 1974 chronically ill primary care patients (mean age 71.60±7.

Novel polymeric inhibitors of HCoV-NL63.

The human coronavirus NL63 is generally classified as a common cold pathogen, though the infection may also result in severe lower respiratory tract diseases, especially in children, patients with underlying disease, and elderly. It has been previously shown that HCoV-NL63 is also one of the most important causes of croup in children. In the current manuscript we developed a set of polymer-based compounds showing prominent anticoronaviral activity.