Lead Extraction in Children and Young Adults: When is the Best Time for Lead/System Replacement?

The best strategy for lead management in children is a matter of debate, and our experiences are limited. This is a retrospective single-center study comparing difficulties and outcomes of transvenous lead extraction (TLE) implanted ich childhood and at age < 19 years (childhood-implanted-childhood-extracted, CICE) and at age < 19 (childhood-implanted-adulthood-extracted, CIAE). CICE patients-71 children (mean age 15.

Transvenous Lead Extraction in Pediatric Patients - Is It the Same Procedure in Children as in Adults?

Background: Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) are very rare in the pediatric population. In children with CIED, transvenous lead extraction (TLE) is often necessary. The course and effects of TLE in children are different than in adults.

Transvenous Lead Extraction in Adult Patient with Leads Implanted in Childhood-Is That the Same Procedure as in Other Adult Patients?

Background: Lead management in children and young adults is still a matter of debate.

Methods: To assess the course of transvenous lead extraction (TLE) in adults with pacemakers implanted in childhood (CIP) we compared 98 CIP patients with a control group consisting of adults with pacemakers implanted in adulthood (AIP).

Results: CIP patients differed from AIP patients with respect to indications for TLE and pacing history.

Surgical Outcomes of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection Repair.

Over the years, surgical repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) outcomes have improved, however, morbidity and mortality still remain significant. This study aims to assess the early and long-term outcomes of surgical treatment of TAPVC children, operated on between 2006 and 2016, in one pediatric center in Poland. : Diagnostics, surgical treatment, and follow-up data from 83 patients were collected.

The Indices of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Derived Atrial Dynamics May Improve the Contemporary Risk Stratification Algorithms in Children with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Introduction: The most efficient risk stratification algorithms are expected to deliver robust and indefectible identification of high-risk children with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Here we compare algorithms for risk stratification in primary prevention in HCM children and investigate whether novel indices of biatrial performance improve these algorithms.

Methods And Results: The endpoints were defined as sudden cardiac death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, or appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator discharge.

Usefulness of long-term telemetric electrocardiogram monitoring in the diagnosis of tachycardia in children with a medical history of palpitations.

Background: In children, palpitations, which may result from a life‑threatening tachyarrhythmia, are one of the most common causes of cardiac visits and hospitalizations. Effective diagnosis is essential in this population of patients.

Aims: This study aimed to assess the usefulness of long‑term telemetric electrocardiograms compared with Holter monitoring in the diagnostic workup in children with palpitations.

Bipolar ablation of epicardial posteroseptal accessory pathway.

We present a case of a 16-year-old male with WPW syndrome, referred for ablation after being resuscitated from cardiac arrest. Bipolar transseptal RF ablation successfully destroyed rapidly conducting epicardial posteroseptal accessory pathway after three failed attempts of endo- and epicardial ablation.

PocketECG: A New Noninvasive Method for Continuous and Real-Time ECG Monitoring-Initial Results in Children and Adolescents.

Long-term ECG is widely used in diagnosis and assessment of many cardiac symptoms which may be caused by dangerous arrhythmias that sometimes can be difficult to document. The PocketECG system is a new technological solution for a long-term, noninvasive, continuous and real-time ECG monitoring that provides automatic diagnosis of dysrhythmias. ECG data transmission occurs over a mobile network.

Radiofrequency catheter ablation of accessory pathways in patients with Ebstein's anomaly: At 8 years of follow-up.

Background: Data regarding long-term follow-up of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) of accessory pathways (APs) in patients with Ebstein's anomaly (EA) are limited. The procedures are challenging due to multiple or wide APs.

Methods: Analysis was performed on clinical and periprocedural data of patients with EA referred to the centre in order to perform catheter ablation of AP.

QTc prolongation in patients with hearing loss: Electrocardiographic and genetic study.

Background: The aim of the study was to determine, whether electrocardiogram (ECG) screening could reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death in patients with hearing loss through the early diagnosis of Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome and the introduction of the therapy.

Methods: One thousand and eighty patients with hearing loss (aged 21.8 ± 19.

Idiopathic ventricular arrhythmia in children and adolescents: early effectiveness of radiofrequency current ablation.

Background And Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate early effectiveness of radiofrequency (RF) current ablation for idiopathic ventricular arrhythmia (iVA) in children and to identify factors affecting treatment results.

Methods: Among over 600 children, 30 ablation procedures were performed for iVA. Patient age ranged from 2.

Andersen-Tawil syndrome: report of 3 novel mutations and high risk of symptomatic cardiac involvement.

Introduction: Andersen-Tawil syndrome (ATS) is a potassium channelopathy affecting cardiac and skeletal muscle. Periodic paralysis is a presenting symptom in some patients, whereas, in others, symptomatic arrhythmias or prolongation of QT in echocardiographic recordings will lead to diagnosis of ATS. Striking intrafamilial variability of expression of KCNJ2 mutations and rarity of the syndrome may lead to misdiagnosis.

Proceedings of the fourth international conference on central hypoventilation.

Central hypoventilation syndromes (CHS) are rare diseases of central autonomic respiratory control associated with autonomous nervous dysfunction. Severe central hypoventilation is the hallmark and the most life-threatening feature. CHS is a group of not-fully defined disorders.

Sick sinus syndrome: a family study.

A case of related individuals affected by sick sinus syndrome is presented in this study. The clinical and electrocardiographic signs of sinus node dysfunction and the most common causes of this disease are presented. Subsequently, the article includes descriptions of sinus node disease in three related children as well as details of the disease in their relatives.

Persistent multifocal atrial tachycardia in infant with encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis: a case report.

Unlabelled: Encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis (ECCL, Haberland syndrome, Fishman syndrome) is a very rare congenital disorder, involving skin, eye, bone and central nervous system malformations. In this paper we present a case of a 2-month-old boy with encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis diagnosed on the basis of characteristic clinical manifestations and neuroimaging findings. Neurologically, the child presented only with mild physical and mental retardation.

Tpeak -tend interval in 12-lead electrocardiogram of healthy children and adolescents tpeak -tend interval in childhood.

Background: Tpeak (Tp) to the Tend (Te) interval is an index of transmural dispersion of repolarization. Prolongation of this interval predisposes to life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in long QT syndrome, polymorphic catecholaminergic ventricular tachycardia, Brugada syndrome and short QT syndrome and may be an indicator of increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Very little is known about TpTe interval in children and adolescents.

Does atrioventricular reentry tachycardia (AVRT) or atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) in children affect their cognitive and emotional development?

The current study sought to assess cognitive and emotional functions among children and adolescents with atrioventricular reentry tachycardia (AVRT) and atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT). 113 patients (62 girls and 51 boys ages, 9-18 years) scheduled for radiofrequency ablation due to AVRT or AVNRT underwent neuropsychologic examination. The study excluded patients who had experienced cardiac arrest, congenital heart defects, neurologic disorders, or other diseases affecting cognitive or emotional development.

Ventricular fibrillation risk factors in over one thousand patients with accessory pathways.

Background: Published data concerning risk factors of VF in WPW patients are inconsistent or contradictory.

Methods And Results: We included 1007 patient (pts) (mean age 35 years; 45% female) with an accessory pathway (AP) referred for non pharmacological treatment. Group 1 consisted of 56 pts (42M, aged 34 ± 15 yrs) with an AP and documented VF and Group 2-951 pts (513M, aged 35 ± 15 yrs) with an AP and without VF.

[Giant ST segment elevation in electrocardiogram of a three year-old boy with brain oedema].

We present dramatic case of a 3 year-old boy who lost consciousness three weeks post Varicella Zoster virus infection. Cerebral edema was diagnosed with severe respiratory problems. Electrocardiogram showed transient but giant ST segment elevation, possibly secondary to brain damage.

['Weak' and 'strong' palpitations in a girl with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia--a case report].

We present a case of a 16-year-old girl with AVNRT with 1:1 or 2:1 conduction from the atria to ventricles which was perceived by the patient as two different types of palpitations.

[Role of the AV node and adrenergic stimulation in initiation of fascicular and atrioventricular nodal tachycardias--a case report].

Fascicular tachycardia is an uncommon form of left ventricular tachycardia in young patients with normal heart. Ventriculo-atrial conduction during VT is usually absent. Retrograde conduction was observed in a 14-year old boy with left posterior fascicular VT (LPF-VT) triggered by exercise.