Comparison of the diagnostic performance of non-contrast MR angiography and planar V/Q scintigraphy for pulmonary embolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To conduct a meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of non-contrast magnetic resonance pulmonary angiography (NC-MRPA) and ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scintigraphy for the detection of acute pulmonary embolism (PE).

Materials And Methods: Systematic searches of electronic databases were conducted from 2000 to 2024. Primary outcomes were per-patient sensitivity and specificity of NC-MRPA and V/Q scintigraphy.

GOLD grade-specific characterization of COPD in the COSYCONET multi-center trial: comparison of semiquantitative MRI and quantitative CT.

Objectives: We hypothesized that semiquantitative visual scoring of lung MRI is suitable for GOLD-grade specific characterization of parenchymal and airway disease in COPD and that MRI scores correlate with quantitative CT (QCT) and pulmonary function test (PFT) parameters.

Methods: Five hundred ninety-eight subjects from the COSYCONET study (median age = 67 (60-72)) at risk for COPD or with GOLD1-4 underwent PFT, same-day paired inspiratory/expiratory CT, and structural and contrast-enhanced MRI. QCT assessed total lung volume (TLV), emphysema, and air trapping by parametric response mapping (PRM, PRM) and airway disease by wall percentage (WP).

ESR Essentials: imaging in fibrotic lung diseases-practice recommendations by the European Society of Thoracic Imaging.

Fibrotic lung diseases (FLDs) represent a subgroup of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), which can progress over time and carry a poor prognosis. Imaging has increased diagnostic discrimination in the evaluation of FLDs. International guidelines have stated the role of radiologists in the diagnosis and management of FLDs, in the context of the interdisciplinary discussion.

GOLD-Grade Specific Disease Characterization and Phenotyping of COPD Using Quantitative Computed Tomography in the Nationwide COSYCONET Multicenter Trial in Germany.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to apply quantitative computed tomography (QCT) for GOLD-grade specific disease characterization and phenotyping of air-trapping, emphysema, and airway abnormalities in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) from a nationwide cohort study.

Methods: As part of the COSYCONET multicenter study, standardized CT in ex- and inspiration, lung function assessment (FEV1/FVC), and clinical scores (BODE index) were prospectively acquired in 525 patients (192 women, 327 men, aged 65.7 ± 8.

Erratum: Accuracy of Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT and multiparametric MRI for the detection of local tumor and lymph node metastases in early biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer.

[This corrects the article on p. 106 in vol. 10, PMID: 32419979.

Midregional Proatrial Natriuretic Peptide (MRproANP) is associated with vertebral fractures and low bone density in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Background: Patients with COPD are often affected by loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporotic fractures. Natriuretic peptides (NP) are known as cardiac markers, but have also been linked to fragility-associated fractures in the elderly. As their functions include regulation of fluid and mineral balance, they also might affect bone metabolism, particularly in systemic disorders such as COPD.

Phenotyping of COPD with MRI in comparison to same-day CT in a multi-centre trial.

Objectives: A prospective, multi-centre study to evaluate concordance of morphologic lung MRI and CT in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) phenotyping for airway disease and emphysema.

Methods: A total of 601 participants with COPD from 15 sites underwent same-day morpho-functional chest MRI and paired inspiratory-expiratory CT. Two readers systematically scored bronchial wall thickening, bronchiectasis, centrilobular nodules, air trapping and lung parenchyma defects in each lung lobe and determined COPD phenotype.

Echo time-dependent observed T1 and quantitative perfusion in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease using magnetic resonance imaging.

Introduction: Due to hypoxic vasoconstriction, perfusion is interesting in the lungs. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) perfusion imaging based on Dynamic Contrast Enhancement (DCE) has been demonstrated in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) using visual scores, and quantification methods were recently developed further. Inter-patient correlations of echo time-dependent observed T [T(TE)] have been shown with perfusion scores, pulmonary function testing, and quantitative computed tomography.

Metal Artifact Reduction in Photon-Counting Detector CT: Quantitative Evaluation of Artifact Reduction Techniques.

Objectives: With the introduction of clinical photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) and its novel reconstruction techniques, a quantitative investigation of different acquisition and reconstruction settings is necessary to optimize clinical acquisition protocols for metal artifact reduction.

Materials And Methods: A multienergy phantom was scanned on a clinical dual-source PCD-CT (NAEOTOM Alpha; Siemens Healthcare GmbH) with 4 different central inserts: water-equivalent plastic, aluminum, steel, and titanium. Acquisitions were performed at 120 kVp and 140 kVp (CTDI vol 10 mGy) and reconstructed as virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs; 110-150 keV), as T3D, and with the standard reconstruction "none" (70 keV VMI) using different reconstruction kernels (Br36, Br56) and with as well as without iterative metal artifact reduction (iMAR).

ERS/ESTS/ESTRO/ESR/ESTI/EFOMP statement on management of incidental findings from low dose CT screening for lung cancer.

Background: Screening for lung cancer with low radiation dose computed tomography has a strong evidence base, is being introduced in several European countries and is recommended as a new targeted cancer screening programme. The imperative now is to ensure that implementation follows an evidence-based process that will ensure clinical and cost effectiveness. This European Respiratory Society (ERS) task force was formed to provide an expert consensus for the management of incidental findings which can be adapted and followed during implementation.

MRI Compared with Low-Dose CT for Incidental Lung Nodule Detection in COPD: A Multicenter Trial.

Purpose: To investigate morphofunctional chest MRI for the detection and management of incidental pulmonary nodules in participants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Materials And Methods: In this prospective study, 567 participants (mean age, 66 years ± 9 [SD]; 340 men) underwent same-day contrast-enhanced MRI and nonenhanced low-dose CT (LDCT) in a nationwide multicenter trial (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01245933).

High resolution propagation-based lung imaging at clinically relevant X-ray dose levels.

Absorption-based clinical computed tomography (CT) is the current imaging method of choice in the diagnosis of lung diseases. Many pulmonary diseases are affecting microscopic structures of the lung, such as terminal bronchi, alveolar spaces, sublobular blood vessels or the pulmonary interstitial tissue. As spatial resolution in CT is limited by the clinically acceptable applied X-ray dose, a comprehensive diagnosis of conditions such as interstitial lung disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis or the characterization of small pulmonary nodules is limited and may require additional validation by invasive lung biopsies.

MR imaging of the airways.

The need for airway imaging is defined by the limited sensitivity of common clinical tests like spirometry, lung diffusion (DLCO) and blood gas analysis to early changes of peripheral airways and to inhomogeneous regional distribution of lung function deficits. Therefore, X-ray and computed tomography (CT) are frequently used to complement the standard tests.As an alternative, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers radiation-free lung imaging, but at lower spatial resolution.

Implementation of artificial intelligence in thoracic imaging-a what, how, and why guide from the European Society of Thoracic Imaging (ESTI).

This statement from the European Society of Thoracic imaging (ESTI) explains and summarises the essentials for understanding and implementing Artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical practice in thoracic radiology departments. This document discusses the current AI scientific evidence in thoracic imaging, its potential clinical utility, implementation and costs, training requirements and validation, its' effect on the training of new radiologists, post-implementation issues, and medico-legal and ethical issues. All these issues have to be addressed and overcome, for AI to become implemented clinically in thoracic radiology.

Standardized airway wall thickness Pi10 from routine CT scans of COPD patients as imaging biomarker for disease severity, lung function decline, and mortality.

Background: Chest computed tomography (CT) is increasingly used for phenotyping and monitoring of patients with COPD. The aim of this work was to evaluate the association of Pi10 as a measure of standardized airway wall thickness on CT with exacerbations, mortality, and response to triple therapy.

Methods: Patients of GOLD grades 1-4 of the COSYCONET cohort with prospective CT scans were included.

Asynchronous calibration of quantitative computed tomography bone mineral density assessment for opportunistic osteoporosis screening: phantom-based validation and parameter influence evaluation.

Asynchronous calibration could allow opportunistic screening based on routine CT for early osteoporosis detection. In this phantom study, a bone mineral density (BMD) calibration phantom and multi-energy CT (MECT) phantom were imaged on eight different CT scanners with multiple tube voltages (80-150 kV) and image reconstruction settings (e.g.

Association of coronary artery calcification with clinical and physiological characteristics in patients with COPD: Results from COSYCONET.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is frequently associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). When considering computed tomography (CT) for COPD phenotyping, coronary vessel wall calcification would be a potential marker of cardiac disease. However, non-ECG gated scans as used in COPD monitoring do not comply with established quantitative approaches using ECG-triggered CT and the Agatston score.

[Chest X-ray: implementation and indication : Recommendations of the thoracic imaging working group of the German Radiological Society].

Background: Even after more than 100 years, the chest X‑ray is still an important technique to detect important pathological changes of lungs, heart and vessels in a fast and low-dose manner. For the German-speaking regions, there are only recommendations available published by the "Ständigen Strahlenschutzkommission (SSK)" regarding the indication. These recommendations are not updated on a regular basis and more recent developments are only integrated with delayed.