GC-MS analysis and pharmacological evaluations of (Roxb.) seeds provide new insights into the management of oxidative stress and hyperglycemia.

Roxb. (Arecaceae) seeds are used in the treatment of diabetes in the traditional system of medicine. The present study evaluated antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activities as well as the total phenolic and flavonoid content of the methanol extract of seeds (MEPS).

Antinociceptive activities of Artocarpus lacucha Buch-ham (Moraceae) and its isolated phenolic compound, catechin, in mice.

Background: The present study evaluated the antinociceptive effect of the bark of Artocarpus lacucha, which is used for the treatment of stomachache, headache and boils in the traditional system of medicine.

Methods: The antinociceptive activity was investigated by the tail immersion, hot plate, acetic acid- & formalin-induced nociception and carrageenan-induced paw edema tests using a hydro-methanolic extract of A. lacucha bark.

Polymethoxyflavones from (Solanaceae) Exert Antinociceptive and Neuropharmacological Effects in Mice.

Polymethoxylavones (PMFs) are known to exhibit significant anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. , an annual Bangladeshi herb, is rich in polymethoxyflavones that possess significant analgesic and anxiolytic activities. The present study aimed to determine the antinociceptive and neuropharmacological activities of polyoxygenated flavonoids namely- 3,3',5,6,7,8-hexamethoxy-4',5'-methylenedioxyflavone (), 3,3',4',5',5,6,7,8-octamethoxyflavone (exoticin) (), 6,7,4',5'-dimethylenedioxy-3,5,3'-trimethoxyflavone (), and 3,3',4',5,5',8-hexamethoxy-6,7-methylenedioxyflavone (), isolated and identified from .

Synthesis of 5,6-dichloroindan-1-acids and their tetrazolyl derivatives as analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents.

Indan derivatives, namely, 5-(5',6'-dichloroindan-1'-yl)-tetrazole (12a) and 5-(5',6'-dichloroindan-1'-yl)- methyltetrazole (12b), were synthesized conveniently from 5,6-dichloroindan-1-carboxylic acid (9a) and 5,6- dichloroindan-1-acetic acid (9b), respectively, as potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents. The analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of 9a, 9b, 12a and 12b were evaluated by the acetic acid induced writhing in Swiss albino mice and the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema models, respectively. Compounds 9a and 12a exhibited significant analgesic activity with the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight, comparable to that of the positive controls, phenylbutazone, indomethacin and aminopyrine.

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Polygonum stagninum.

The n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol extracts of the aerial parts of Polygonum stagninum Buch.-Ham. ex Meissn.

Analgesic and diuretic properties of alpha-santalone from Polygonum flaccidum.

Polygonum flaccidum Meissn. is an annual herb, native to Bangladesh, and well known for its analgesic, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, purgative and insecticidal properties, and also for its use against snake-bites. The analgesic and the diuretic properties of alpha-santalone (1), isolated from the aerial parts of Polygonum flaccidum, were assessed by the acetic-acid-induced writhing method and the Lipschitz test, respectively.

Total synthesis and analgesic activity of 6-fluoroindan-1-acetic acid and its 3-oxo derivative.

6-Fluoro-3-oxo-indan-1-acetic acid (5) and 6-fluoroindan-1-acetic acid (6) were conveniently synthesised from 3-fluorobenzaldehyde in four and five steps, respectively. The structures of these new compounds and two other intermediates, 3-fluorobenzylidine-bis-acetoacetate (2) and 3-fluoro-beta-phenyl glutaric acid (3) were elucidated by spectroscopic means, notably, HRMS, 1D and 2D NMR. The analgesic activity of compounds 5 and 6 were assessed by the acetic acid induced writhing in Swiss albino mice.

Hepatoprotective activity of Phyllanthus reticulatus.

Two partially purified organic fractions designated by PR1 and PR2 of the fat free ethanol (95%) extract of aerial parts of Phyllanthus reticulatus were tested for the hepatoprotective activity in rats against CCl(4)-induced liver damage. The rats receiving the fractions showed promising hepatoprotective activity as evident from significant changes of pentobarbital-induced sleeping time, changes in serum levels of sGPT, sGOT, sALP and bilirubin and also from histopathological changes as compared to CCl(4)-intoxicated rats.

Anti-inflammatory activity of indanyltetrazole derivatives.

A number of indanyl tetrazolederivatives namely 5-(6'-chloroindan-1'-yl)tetrazole (CIT), 5-(6'-bromoindan-1'-yl)tetrazole (BIT), 5-(6'-chloroindan-1'-yl)methyltetrazole (CIMT), 5-(6'-bromoindan-1'-yl)methyl-tetrazole (BIMT) were evaluated for the anti-inflammatory activity in carragennan induced rat paw edema in Swiss albino Wister rats for 24-hour period at the dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight by intraperitoneal route where phenylbutazone (PBZ) was used as the standard. All of these compounds exhibited inhibition on rat paw edema with peak actions observed following 3 hours after administration. Moreover, compounds CIMT and BIMT were further evaluated at dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight.

Further sesquiterpenes from Polygonum viscosum (Polygonaceae).

Two new sesquiterpenes, 4-methoxycarbonyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-6-oxo-3,3a,7,8,8a-pentahydroazulene-1-carboxylic acid (viscoazusone) and 1,4-dimethoxy-carbonyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-6-oxo-3,3a,7,8,8a-pentahydroazulene (viscoazulone), were isolated from the whole plant of Polygonum viscosum. The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic means.