India Hypertension Control Initiative: decentralization of hypertension care to health wellness centres in Punjab and Maharashtra, India, 2018-2022.

Introduction: The India Hypertension Control Initiative (IHCI) emphasizes decentralized patient-centric care to boost hypertension control in public healthcare facilities. We documented the decentralization process, enrolment pattern by facility type, and treatment outcomes in nine districts of Punjab and Maharashtra states, India, from 2018-2022.

Methods: We detailed the shift in hypertension care from higher facilities to Health and Wellness Centres (HWCs) using the World Health Organization (WHO) health system pillar framework.

Discovery, development, and deployment of a user-centered point-of-care digital information system to treat and track hypertension and diabetes patients under India Hypertension Control Initiative 2019-2022, India.

Background: Hypertension affects 28.5% of Indians aged 18-69. Real-time registration and follow-up of persons with hypertension are possible with point-of-care digital information systems.

India Hypertension Control Initiative: Blood Pressure Control Using Drug and Dose-Specific Standard Treatment Protocol at Scale in Punjab and Maharashtra, India, 2022.

Background: Hypertension treatment coverage is low in India. A stepwise simple treatment protocol is one of the strategies to improve hypertension treatment in primary care. We estimated the effectiveness of various protocol steps to achieve blood pressure (BP) control in public sector health facilities in Punjab and Maharashtra, India, where the India Hypertension Control Initiative (IHCI) was implemented.

A Zn-dependent structural transition of SOD1 modulates its ability to undergo phase separation.

The misfolding and mutation of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is commonly associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). SOD1 can accumulate within stress granules (SGs), a type of membraneless organelle, which is believed to form via liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Using wild-type, metal-deficient, and different ALS disease mutants of SOD1 and computer simulations, we report here that the absence of Zn leads to structural disorder within two loop regions of SOD1, triggering SOD1 LLPS and amyloid formation.

Diverse utilization of surfactants in coal-floatation for the sustainable development of clean coal production and environmental safety: a review.

The rapidly increasing modern industrial world demands a huge uninterrupted energy supply, where high-quality coal (HQC) is one of the major sources of the required energy. In this regard, a gigantic amount of solid waste including ash and toxic chemicals, such as heavy metals, nitrate and sulphur, gases including NOx and SOx are emitted during the direct incineration process of low-rank coal. About 10 Gt of CO and about one-fifth of total greenhouse gases in the world are emitted each year due to coal combustion in power plants, making it the single largest cause of climate change.

A multisource database tracking the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the communities of Boston, MA, USA.

A pandemic, like other disasters, changes how systems work. In order to support research on how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the dynamics of a single metropolitan area and the communities therein, we developed and made publicly available a "data-support system" for the city of Boston. We actively gathered data from multiple administrative (e.

The metal cofactor zinc and interacting membranes modulate SOD1 conformation-aggregation landscape in an in vitro ALS model.

Aggregation of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) is implicated in the motor neuron disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Although more than 140 disease mutations of SOD1 are available, their stability or aggregation behaviors in membrane environment are not correlated with disease pathophysiology. Here, we use multiple mutational variants of SOD1 to show that the absence of Zn, and not Cu, significantly impacts membrane attachment of SOD1 through two loop regions facilitating aggregation driven by lipid-induced conformational changes.

Factors affecting non-adherence to medical appointments among patients with hypertension at public health facilities in Punjab, India.

Daily adherence to antihypertensive medications is necessary to control hypertension. Under the State hypertension control program, hypertensive patients are enrolled in public health settings, provided with 30-day medication prescriptions, and advised to return to the health facility monthly. However, at least 50-60% of patients do not visit the health facility for their scheduled follow-up appointments.

Rebound of Cotton leaf curl Multan virus and its exclusive detection in cotton leaf curl disease outbreak, Punjab (India), 2015.

Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) outbreaks caused by CLCuD associated begomoviruses (CABs) significantly constrain cotton production in India and Pakistan. In comparison to the CABs circulating in Pakistan, molecular epidemiology, evolution and recombination patterns of CABs circulating in India are less studied. In this work, we characterized CAB complex sequences obtained from the most recent outbreak (Punjab, India, 2015), and rigorously analyzed them with reference to GenBank sequences, submitted from India, Pakistan and other neighbouring countries, using contemporary bioinformatics approaches.

IgG4-related intraocular inflammation masquerading as ciliary body melanoma in a young girl.

Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4-related diseases) affects various tissues and organs of the human body. Orbital, adnexal, and scleral inflammations were already reported in the medical literature. To the best of our knowledge, we report the first case of intraocular IgG4-associated inflammatory mass in the ciliary body mimicking as a melanoma in a 23-year-old female from Northeast India.

Next-generation sequencing in clinical virology: Discovery of new viruses.

Viruses are a cause of significant health problem worldwide, especially in the developing nations. Due to different anthropological activities, human populations are exposed to different viral pathogens, many of which emerge as outbreaks. In such situations, discovery of novel viruses is utmost important for deciding prevention and treatment strategies.