KINGELLA KINGAE SEQUENCE TYPE 25 MENINGITIS IN AN IMMUNOCOMPETENT TODDLER: CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR APPROACH.

Kingella kingae is a cause of bacteremia, endocarditis, and the leading cause of osteoarticular infections between 6 and 48 months of life. We report on a rare case of K. kingae meningitis in the absence of endocarditis and immune deficiency in a 26-month-old boy emphasizing the distinct genomic determinants of the strain which may be of importance to the pathogenesis of the disease.

Common Seasonal Pathogens and Epidemiology of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura Among Children.

Importance: Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) is the most common type of vasculitis in children. The factors that trigger the disease are poorly understood. Although several viruses and seasonal bacterial infections have been associated with HSP, differentiating the specific associations of these pathogens with the onset of HSP remains a challenge due to their overlapping seasonal patterns.

Early-Onset Infection Caused by Escherichia coli Sequence Type 1193 in Late Preterm and Full-Term Neonates.

Using whole-genome sequencing, we characterized Escherichia coli strains causing early-onset sepsis (EOS) in 32 neonatal cases from a 2019-2021 prospective multicenter study in France and compared them to E. coli strains collected from vaginal swab specimens from women in third-trimester gestation. We observed no major differences in phylogenetic groups or virulence profiles between the 2 collections.

Rapid, simple multi-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis: a reliable tool for Klebsiella pneumoniae outbreak screening.

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae causing nosocomial infections is increasingly multi-drug-resistant. Rapid and efficient typing tools are required for monitoring.

Aim: To assess a simple, rapid (<5 h) multiplex polymerase chain reaction method based on multi-locus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) as a screening tool to determine whether or not K.

Fatal Meningitis from Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in 2 Full-Term Neonates, France.

We report fatal meningitis in 2 neonates in France caused by Shiga toxin 1-producing Escherichia coli. Virulence factors capsular K1 antigen and salmochelin were present in both strains, potentially representing a new hybrid pathotype. Clinicians should remain aware of emerging pathotypes and design therapeutic strategies for neonatal E.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Group A Streptococcus Rapid Antigen Detection Test on Middle Ear Fluid in Children With Acute Otitis Media With Spontaneous Perforation: A Prospective Multicenter Evaluation.

Group A Streptococcus is one of the leading causes of otorrhea. The performance of rapid antigen tests in 256 children with otorrhea showed excellent sensitivity, 97.3% (95% confidence interval: 90.

Otorrhea bacterial profile, epidemiology before widespread use of the third-generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in French children, a prospective study from 2015 to 2023.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the bacterial profile of middle ear fluid from spontaneous perforation of the tympanic membrane (SPTM) prior to widespread utilization of third- generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs).

Patients And Methods: From October 2015 to January 2023, children with SPTM were prospectively enrolled by pediatricians.

Results: Among the 852 children with SPTM, 73.

Optimizing COVID-19 Vaccination Strategy in Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients: Humoral and Cellular Response to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination.

In this retrospective cohort study, we analyze the early humoral and cellular response in 64 adolescents KTx recipients, after two or three doses of mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 against different variants of COVID-19. After 2 doses, 77.8% % of children with no history of infection had a positive humoral response with a median anti-S IgG level of 1107 (IQR, 593-2,658) BAU/mL.

Unexpected Increase in Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections in Children After Respiratory Viruses Outbreak in France: A 15-Year Time-Series Analysis.

In a 15-year pediatric time-series analysis, we showed a rise of invasive Group A streptococcal (iGAS) infections since October 2022, mainly involving pleural empyema, simultaneously to a respiratory virus outbreak. Physicians should be aware of this increased risk of pediatric iGAS infections, especially in settings with intense respiratory viruses' circulation.

Epidemiological investigation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates including multidrug-resistant serogroup O12 isolates, by use of a rapid and simplified multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeats analysis and whole genome sequencing.

Background: Clustered cases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in immunocompromised patients' wards require rapid characterization of a potential epidemic to guide investigations and identify the potential source of contamination.

Aim: To design and evaluate a rapid and simple typing method for P. aeruginosa in comparison to whole genome sequencing (WGS).

Comparative genomic analysis of ESBL-producing from faecal carriage and febrile urinary tract infection in children: a prospective multicentre study.

Background: The reliability of ESBL-producing (ESBL-Ec) faecal carriage monitoring to guide probabilistic treatment of febrile urinary tract infection (FUTI) in children remains unclear.

Objectives: To compare the genomic characteristics of ESBL-Ec isolates from faecal carriage and FUTI to assess their correlation and identify a FUTI-associated virulence profile.

Methods: We conducted a prospective multicentre hospital and ambulatory-based study.

and Viral Infections.

() is an oropharyngeal commensal agent of toddlers and the primary cause of osteoarticular infections in 6-23-month-old children. Knowing that the oropharynx of young children is the reservoir and the portal of entry of , these results suggested that a viral infection may promote infection. In this narrative review, we report the current knowledge of the concomitance between and viral infections.

Clinical impact of a gastrointestinal PCR panel in children with infectious diarrhoea.

Objectives: Multiplex gastrointestinal PCR (GI-PCR) allows fast and simultaneous detection of 22 enteric pathogens (including , /enteroinvasive , among other bacteria, parasites and viruses). However, its impact on the management of children with infectious diarrhoea remains unknown.

Patients/design: All children eligible for stool culture from May to October 2018 were prospectively included in a monocentric study at Robert-Debré University-Hospital.

Azithromycin Resistance in Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in France between 2004 and 2020 and Detection of (C)-(G) Genes.

We described and characterized Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains with high levels of resistance to azithromycin isolated in France between 2004 and 2020. Nine of 1,715 (0.52%) STEC strains were resistant to azithromycin, with an increase since 2017.

Diagnostic accuracy of rapid nucleic acid tests for group A streptococcal pharyngitis: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Acute pharyngitis is one of the most common conditions in outpatient settings and an important source of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing. Rapid antigen detection tests (RADTs) offer diagnosis of group A streptococcus at the point of care but have limited sensitivity. Rapid nucleic acid tests (RNATs) are now available; a systematic review of their accuracy is lacking.

Diagnostic challenge of gastrointestinal infection due to lactose-fermenting Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar 4,5:I:

Here, we describe a case of a nontyphoidal Salmonella disease caused by a Salmonella enterica serovar 4,5:i:- (monophasic Salmonella typhimurium) which acquired a Lac operon. This lactose-fermenting bacterium presents a major challenge for phenotypical detection of Salmonella. Only specific agar plates or molecular techniques allow reliable detection.

Invasive Infections in <3-Month-Old Infants in France: Clinical and Laboratory Features.

Few data are available on invasive group A (GAS) infections (IGASIs) in infants. We described initial clinical and laboratory features and outcomes of <3-month-old infants hospitalized for an IGASI between 2007 and 2016 in France. Patients were identified from the French National Reference Centre for streptococci.