[Analysis of vitamin A and thyroid blood levels in the indigenous and local Caucasian population of the Arctic].

Previously, differences in the thyroid profile of Arctic residents were shown depending on the vitamin A blood level. However, dietary habits and metabolism peculiarities in the aboriginal and Caucasian representatives of the North population may be the cause of different retinol supply and therefore be one of the reasons for changes in their thyroid activity. of the research was to assess vitamin A and thyroid blood levels in the aboriginal and local Caucasian population representatives of the Russian Arctic territories.

[Insulin level, glycemia, insulin resistance and β-cell function in relation to the lifestyle of Arctic indigenous people. Are there conditions for diabetes and which type?].

Background: Modern studies suggest that lifestyle changes of the indigenous Arctic residents lead to the loss of the "adaptive polar type of metabolism", which is characterized by the intensification of protein metabolism, optimization of lipid metabolism, and minimization of carbohydrate metabolism at low insulin concentrations. How to survive the era of change?

Aim: To assess insulinemia, glycemia, β-cell secretory activity, and insulin sensitivity in Arctic indigenous people in relation to their lifestyle.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional study of a population of indigenous Arctic residents (Nenets, Komi) aged from 22 to 60 years was conducted.

Fatty Acids in the Eggs of Red King Crabs from the Barents Sea.

The red king crab, , was introduced into the Barents Sea where, after a period of 30 years of adaptation, it has established a new population. This population has been commercially exploited over the past two decades, supporting profitable fisheries in both Russia and Norway. Biochemical studies aimed at assessing fatty acid profiles have been conducted, focusing primarily on the edible parts of red king crabs.

[Relationship of vitamin A and thyroid function in Arctic residents].

At the present time the prevalence of thyroid diseases keeps growing, so knowledge of the factors affecting thyroid activity is very important. Vitamin A (retinol) is a fat-soluble vitamin with a hormone-like effect that can influence both the expression of thyroidstimulating hormone in the pituitary gland and the synthesis of thyroid hormones. of the research was to study vitamin A serum level and its relationship with the thyroid profile in residents of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, depending on gender.

Fatty Acid Profiles in the Gonads of Red King Crab () from the Barents Sea.

Red king crab () is a large shelf species native to the Pacific Ocean. Due to its high commercial value, this species was introduced into the Barents Sea, where it has formed a new population that now supports a stable commercial fishery. Information on fatty acid profiles in different tissues of the Barents Sea is scarce.

Age-related features of the content of substrates of energy metabolism and body mass index in women residing in the Subarctic and Arctic regions of Russia.

Objectives: Age is associated with a number of health risks linked to obesity caused by an imbalance in the main energy substrates-fatty acids (FA) and glucose (Glu). Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify age-related features of the metabolism of fatty acids and Glu, their correlations and the relation with the body mass index (BMI) in women of the local Caucasoid population from two northern regions of Russia with different nature, climate, and geography.

Methods: We examined women aged 21-60 years born and permanently residing in the Subarctic region (SR) and the Arctic region (AR).

Fatty Acid Content of Four Salmonid Fish Consumed by Indigenous Peoples from the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (Northwestern Siberia, Russia).

We assayed fatty acids in the flesh of Arctic cisco (adult and juvenile), least cisco , muksun , and Arctic charr inhabiting water bodies of the Gydan Peninsula, Siberia, Russia. The highest concentrations of total and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were found in Arctic charr (27.8 and 9.

Age-related changes in the parameters of carbohydrate metabolism and supply of vitamins B1, B2 in residents of two northern regions.

A great deal of research was being done in studying of the age-related characteristics of carbohydrate metabolism and the provision of vitamins B1, B2 among the population of the Subarctic (SR) and Arctic (AR) regions, differing in the extreme natural and climatic-geographic living conditions. The surveyed population was divided into five age groups: 16-21, 22-35, 36-45, 46-60 and 61-74 years old. The parameters of carbohydrate metabolism (glucose, lactate, pyruvate) were determined in the blood serum, the content of thiamine (thiamin diphosphate effect) and riboflavin - in hemolysates, and the values of the lactate/pyruvate ratio (Lac/Pyr) were calculated.

[Traditional nutrition and demography in the Arctic zone of Western Siberia].

High requirements for macro- and micronutrients of the organism of a pregnant woman living in the Far North are associated with the influence of extreme factors of high latitudes, and the needs of the mother and the growing fetus. Only the products of the unique food culture of the Arctic people - the Nenets, make it possible to meet the emerging needs. of the work was to study the impact of traditional nutrition on the reproductive health of Nenets women living in the Arctic zone of Western Siberia.

[The role of saturated fatty acids in impaired lipid metabolism in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome].

Objective: To determine the content and role of saturated fatty acids (SFA) in lipid metabolism disorder in patients with alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS).

Material And Methods: A total of 123 men were examined: 44 patients with ADS and 79 healthy people. The patients were examined on the 5-6 day after admission to the hospital.

[Correlation of parameters of carbohydrate metabolism and saturated fatty acids in blood serum in elderly people.].

The study involved 106 elderly people of the Arctic aged 61-74 years, 42 of them were residents of the Subarctic region (SR) and 64 residents of the Arctic region (AR). Using gas-liquid chromatography there was determined the serum content of saturated fatty acids (SFA): short-chain (SCFA), medium-chain (MCFA) and long-chain (LCFA); and the levels of carbohydrate metabolism parameters were determined by spectrophotometric methods. Correlation analysis showed that elderly people of SR had no significant interrelationships between the contents of SCFA, MCFA and LCFA, since all the correlation dependences were weak (r=0,2-0,29, p=0,08-0,786), against AR with a lower occurrence of high values of glucose (Glu), lactate (Lac) and low pyruvate (Pyr).

Obesity and obesity-associated cardiometabolic risk factors in indigenous Nenets women from the rural Nenets Autonomous Area and Russian women from Arkhangelsk city.

Background: The prevalence of obesity and obesity-related conditions varies by population groups. Indigenous women of the circumpolar north are believed to be at high risk of obesity.

Objective: We studied, first the obesity prevalence in indigenous Arctic women, Nenets, compared to urban Russian women.

[The content of apolipoproteins in blood M and parameters of lipid metabolism in population of North Polar regions and Southern regions of Caucasus].

The study was carried out concerning the between content of apolipoproteins A and B in blood and lipid metabolism in population of North Polar regions and Southern regions of Caucasus. The differences of correlation relationships depending on concentration of apolipoproteins A and B in blood in population dwelling in territories climate geographic regions were detected.

Serum apolipoproteins in relation to intakes of fish in population of Arkhangelsk County.

Background: Diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids and low in saturated fat were found beneficially associated with blood lipids and cardio-vascular health. Lean reindeer meet and local cold water white-fish species high in omega-3 are among the main sources of nutrients in the rural area of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug (NAO) in Russia and are not normally consumed by the urban population from the same region. The aims of the study were firstly, to compare serum lipid profiles of residents of urban (Arkhangelsk city) and rural (NAO) regions of Arkhangelsk County, and secondly, to investigate the effects of fish consumption on the predictor of cardiovascular events apolipoprotein (Apo) B/ApoA-I ratio in these populations.

The influence of active and passive smoking during pregnancy on umbilical cord blood levels of vitamins A and E and neonatal anthropometric indices.

Smoking during pregnancy has been shown to be detrimental for the developing fetus. The effects of active and passive maternal smoking on umbilical cord serum levels of vitamin A and vitamin E were examined. Secondary measures included anthropometric parameters in the newborn.

[The variations of protein metabolism indicators in children depending on supply of thiamine].

The study was carried out to investigate the variations of protein metabolism indicators (crude protein, creatinine, urea, uric acid) depending on supply of vitamin B1 (thiamine) in children dwelling the North regions of Russia. The dependence of parameters of protein metabolism from supply of vitamin B1 in complex with some other factors (region of dwelling, gender). At that, the leading role plays the degree of thiamine deficiency.

[Relationships between the lipid metabolic parameters and the humoral factors of natural immunity in children and adolescents].

With age, antiatherogenic defense in North aboriginal children is regulated by the humoral mechanisms of immunity, by increasing the levels of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA), interleukin-4, and tumor necrosis factor-a and decreasing the content of interleukin-8 and interferon-alpha in particular, by reflecting the ability of the immune system to maintain and reduce the atherogenicity of blood lipids.

Fish consumption and socio-economic factors among residents of Arkhangelsk city and the rural Nenets autonomous area.

Objectives: The urban Russian and the rural Indigenous populations in the Russian European North have different lifestyles, living conditions and food supplies. The objective of this study was to investigate and compare fish consumption in relation to the socio-economic characteristics of 2 communities in Arkhangelsk County.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

[Endocrine and metabolic profile features in railway stock workers].

The studies covered physiologic features of adrenal cortex, pancreatic insular apparatus and carbohydrates metabolites in apparently healthy railway stock workers, in accordance with occupation, age, length of service and season. The authors proved dependence of endocrine and serum metabolic parameters on occupational activity type, age, length of service and season.

[Impact of the use of alcoholic beverages on lipid metabolic parameters in Northern Water Basin workers].

The nature of changes in lipid metabolic parameters was studied in the sailors, river transport workers, and fishermen of the Northern Water Basin in relation to the specific features of their working conditions and the frequency of drinking alcoholic beverages. It was shown that there was imbalance in the levels of lipid parameters, which was more pronounced in sailors and river transport workers.

[Relationships between serum content of tocopherol, retinol, and reproductive hormones in children].

Changes in the relations between the blood levels of vitamins E, A, and the hormones of the pituitary-gonad hormones (gonadotropic, sex steroid hormones) were studied in children at different pubertal stages. It has been found that at different pubertal stages, there is a change in the correlations the nature of which is determined by the relation to the blood concentrations of vitamins E and A.

[Specificity of metabolic processes observed in the glucose tolerance test in residents of the European North].

The reserve potentialities of metabolism processes and the specificity of the functioning in the course of glucose-tolerance test made in virtually healthy residence of the European North were studied with respect to body weight. A slowed utilization of glucose, triglycerides and of free fatty acids due to an intensified insulin concentration was detected, which essentially affects, in persons with excessive weight, the nature of the mentioned changes and belongs to the risk category of diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease.

[Serum phospholipids and processes of cholesterol esterification in the European North].

Lipid profile was studied in blood serum of 146 European northerns (trans-polar Nenets Autonomous district and Archangelsk). Monolayer chromatography was used to determine sphingomyelin (SP), phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine (PC), lisophosphatidylcholine, glycerophosphatides and phosphatide acides. The northerns were found to have very low concentrations of blood PC.