Anxiolytic-like Effects of the Positive GABA Receptor Modulator GS39783 Correlate with Mice's Individual Basal Anxiety and Stress Reactivity.

Positive gamma-aminobutyric acid type B (GABA) receptor modulators such as GS39783 have showed anxiolytic-like effects in several studies while such effects were absent in other studies. These conflicting findings led us hypothesize that the anxiolytic-like effects of such compounds depend on the individual basal anxiety and/or the anxiogenic properties of the used tests. The present study addresses this hypothesis by testing GS39783 effects on mice's anxiety-like behavior in a light-dark box.

The effect of orthodontist change on treatment duration and outcomes.

Introduction: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate whether there are differences in the duration of treatment and the quality of treatment results between patients whose entire treatment process is carried out by a single operator and those patients who are transferred to a second operator.

Methods: One hundred twenty-three patients whose fixed orthodontic treatments were completed and included in the study, and their posttreatment plaster models and panoramic radiographs were used. Fifty-nine of the subjects were transfer patients, and their treatment was administered by 2 residents (transfer group).

Effectiveness of low-level laser therapy and chewing gum in reducing orthodontic pain: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of chewing gum and low-level laser therapy in alleviating orthodontic pain induced by the initial archwire.

Methods: Patients with 3-6 mm maxillary crowding who planned to receive non-extraction orthodontic treatment were recruited for the study. Sixty-three participants (33 females and 30 males) were randomly allocated into three groups: laser, chewing gum, and control.

Dissociative Effects of Neuropeptide S Receptor Deficiency and Nasal Neuropeptide S Administration on T-Maze Discrimination and Reversal Learning.

Cognitive flexibility refers to the ability to modify learned behavior in response to changes in the environment. In laboratory rodents, cognitive flexibility can be assessed in reversal learning, i.e.

Effects of different nose types on class II treatments for female patients.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different nose types on the perception of facial aesthetics following camouflage treatment and orthognathic surgery for skeletal class II female patients.

Methods: A pre-treatment profile photograph of a skeletal class II adult patient was selected from the department archive. Two constructed photographs were created to represent orthognathic surgery and camouflage treatments with the aid of computer software.

Effects of low-level laser therapy and mechanical vibration on orthodontic pain caused by initial archwire.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mechanical vibration and low-level laser therapy on orthodontic pain after placement of the initial archwire.

Methods: Sixty subjects with 3-6 mm maxillary dental crowding, a nonextraction fixed treatment plan, and no medical history were included in this study. The subjects were randomly divided into 3 groups, equally distributed by sex.

Cytotoxicity of bracket identification dyes.

Objectives: To investigate the potential cytotoxicity of the bracket identification dyes commonly used in orthodontic fixed appliances.

Materials And Methods: Six bracket brands representing the market in various aspects were selected. Ten sets of each bracket brand were acquired, and the identification dyes on them were scraped.

Evaluation of biochemical changes in dental tissues after different office bleaching methods.

The color of the teeth is an important topic for many people and can be influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic stains. There is an increasing demand for whitening of the teeth year by year. The most popular way of whitening is "bleaching," which is the result of the breakdown of pigments located in the enamel and/or the dentin, caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) released from bleaching agents.

Atmospheric pollen spectrum in Stone City, Mardin; the northern border of Mesopotamia/SE-Turkey.

Airborne pollen distribution in Mardin city was measured volumetrically during three consecutive years, 2014-2016. Three thousand eight hundred fifty-seven pollen grains as a mean value belonging to 44 taxa were recorded annually during the study period, and pollen grains from woody plant taxa had the more substantial atmospheric contribution with 62.66% and with 23 taxa.

A reliable method for evaluating upper molar distalization: Superimposition of three-dimensional digital models.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of measurements obtained after the superimposition of three-dimensional (3D) digital models by comparing them with those obtained from lateral cephalometric radiographs and photocopies of plaster models for the evaluation of upper molar distalization.

Methods: Data were collected from plaster models and lateral cephalometric radiographs of 20 Class II patients whose maxillary first molars were distalized with an intraoral distalizer. The posterior movements of the maxillary first molars were evaluated using lateral cephalometric radiographs (group CP), photocopies of plaster models (group PH), and digitized 3D models (group TD).

Seasonal and intradiurnal variation of airborne pollen concentrations in Bodrum, SW Turkey.

An aeropalynological study was performed in Bodrum, the famous tourism center in southwestern Turkey with a Hirst-type volumetric 7-day pollen and spore trap for 2 years (2007-2008). In Bodrum, 25,099 pollen grains as a mean value belonging to 41 taxa were recorded annually during the study period, and pollen grains from woody plant taxa had the largest atmospheric contribution of 86.99% and 24 taxa.

The effects of low-level laser therapy on orthodontically induced root resorption.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive and/or reparative effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) in rats. Thirty rats were divided into four groups (short-term control (SC), short-term laser (SL), long-term control (LC), long-term laser (LL)). In all groups, the left first molar was moved mesially for 11 days.

The effect of dosage on the efficiency of LLLT in new bone formation at the expanded suture in rats.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect that dosage has on the efficiency of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in bone formation in a rat study model. Twenty-eight rats were divided into four groups as only expansion (OE), expansion + low dose (0.15 J) (LD), expansion + medium dose (0.

Evaluation of the effects of different surface configurations on stability of miniscrews.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of screw design and force application on the stability of miniscrews, using RTT, SEM, and histomorphometric analyses.

Materials And Methods: Eighty cylindrical, self-drilling, and Ti6Al4V alloy miniscrews (1,6 × 6 mm) were used. Four mini-screws were inserted in fibulas of each rabbit, and 115 G of force was immediately applied.

Does proclination of maxillary incisors really affect the sagittal position of point A?

Objective: To examine the effect of maxillary incisor proclination due to orthodontic treatment upon the sagittal position of point A and evaluate the effect of this possible movement of point A on sella-nasion-point A (SNA) angle.

Materials And Methods: A study group was formed from 25 subjects (12 male and 13 female) who had Class II division 2 malocclusion with retroclined upper incisors, and a control group was formed from 25 subjects (12 male and 13 female) who had minor crowding in the beginning of the treatment and required no or minimal maxillary anterior tooth movement. Treatment changes in maxillary incisor inclination, sagittal position of point A, SNA angle, and movement of incisor root apex and incisal edge were calculated on pretreatment and posttreatment lateral cephalographs.

Late development of a mandibular second premolar.

In this report, we present the case of a girl with delayed odontogenesis of a lower second premolar for which she was followed up for 8.5 years. Congenital absence of permanent mandibular second premolars was observed at the initial radiographic examination at 8 years and 1 month.

Efficiency of low-level laser therapy in reducing pain induced by orthodontic forces.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on reducing post-adjustment orthodontic pain via evaluation of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) composition changes at the level of prostaglandin-E(2) (PGE(2)) and visual analogue scale (VAS).

Background Data: LLLT has been found to be effective in pain relief. PGE(2) has the greatest impact on the process of pain signals and can be detected in GCF in order to investigate the response of dental and periodontal tissues in a biochemical manner.

Pulpal blood flow changes due to rapid maxillary expansion.

Objective: To determine the pulpal blood flow (PBF) changes in anchorage teeth associated with the high forces of a rapid maxillary expansion (RME) appliance.

Materials And Methods: The study was performed with 14 girls and 7 boys for a total of 21 patients between 10 and 15 years of age (mean, 13.1 +/- 1.

Histopathologic evaluation of pulpal tissue response to various adhesive cleanup techniques.

Introduction: The aim of this prospective in-vivo study was to investigate the possible effects of temperature changes from various adhesive cleanup procedures on pulpal tissue.

Methods: The materials, consisting of 40 sound maxillary and mandibular premolars to be extracted during orthodontic treatment, were randomly assigned to 4 groups, with 1 group as the control. The teeth in the 3 study groups were etched; brackets were bonded and then debonded.

Airborne pollen in European and Asian parts of Istanbul.

Pollen concentrations in the atmosphere of Istanbul, a city located between two continents, has been monitored for 1 year as part of a larger research program. The sampling sites were located in two different continents: the Asian part (AS) and the European part (EP). The sampling was performed in AS and EP of the city by using Hirst type volumetric method, and pollen grains of 58 and 62 taxa were identified in the two parts, respectively.

Stability in dental changes in RME and SARME: a 2-year follow-up.

Objective: To compare the effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) on dentoalveolar structures following orthodontic treatment, as well as stability at 2-year follow-up.

Materials And Methods: Two groups of subjects were used in the study. Group 1 consisted of 14 subjects (mean age, 12.

An aerobiological study on pollen grains in the atmosphere of North-West Turkey.

A continuous aerobiological survey of the atmosphere of Bursa was carried out from 1st January 2003 to 31st December 2004 by means of the volumetric method using a Lanzoni trap. During 2 years, a total of 57,124 pollen grains/m(3), which belonged to 66 taxa and 869 unidentified pollen grains, were recorded. In the region investigated, Pinus sp.

Maxillary canine-first premolar transposition in the permanent dentition.

Maxillary canine premolar transposition is the most frequently reported transposition type, which many orthodontists face. Although correcting the transposed tooth order is not advised after the eruption of the permanent tooth, several articles published in the last decade demonstrated nonextraction treatment of transposition using fixed mechanics. This article describes the nonextraction treatment of a complete transposition between a maxillary left canine and a first premolar, using similar mechanics as suggested earlier.