Clinical assessment and short-term mortality prediction of older adults with altered mental status using RASS and 4AT tools.

Background: Altered mental status (AMS) in older adults is a common reason for admission to emergency departments (EDs) and usually results from delirium, stupor, or coma. It is important to proficiently identify underlying factors and anticipate clinical outcomes for those patients.

Aim: The primary objective of this study was to reveal and compare the clinical outcomes and etiologic factors of older patients with delirium, stupor, and coma.

Assessment of the role of neutrophil extracellular traps in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.

Background: Abnormal neutrophil extracellular traps are associated with lung diseases, thrombosis, increased mucosal secretion in the airways. The aim of this study is to evaluate the possible place of the most specific NETosis marker Cit-H3 protein in diagnostic algorithms by revealing its relationship with the severity, mortality and prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.

Patients And Methods: Patients (n = 78) who applied to the Emergency Department between March 11, 2020 and June 10, 2020, with positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test and lung involvement were included in the prospective study.

ACE2 and ANGII levels in patients with COVID-19 based on thoracic tomography findings and PCR test results.

Introduction: Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction tests and thoracic tomography have been widely employed in the diagnosis of the disease, but doubts about their sensitivity still persist. Also there are controversial results about ACE2 and AngII levels according to the severity of disease. In this study, we aimed to analyze the ACE2 and AngII levels in patients with suspected COVID-19 based on polymerase chain reaction test results and thoracic tomography findings and to examine their relationship with disease severity.

Distribution and cost of Syrian refugees operated on in Southeastern Anatolia, Turkey.

Background: As a result of the Syrian civil war, > 5 million Syrian citizens have fled to neighbouring countries, particularly Turkey, under refugee status.

Aims: To analyse the cost and justification for surgery of Syrian refugees treated in a secondary care hospital in Sanliurfa, Southeastern Turkey, close to the Syrian border.

Methods: We enrolled 1458 Syrian refugees who were operated upon between 2012 and 2015.

Role of plasma angiotensin II and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 levels on prognosis and mortality in hypertensive patients with COVID-19.

SARS-CoV-2 requires angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) to enter the cell. In our study, we aimed to investigate the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and angiotensin II plasma levels on prognosis and mortality in patients with isolated hypertension, patients with chronic diseases in addition to hypertension and patients with COVID-19 without comorbidities, in accordance with the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor. In the study, patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were divided into three groups.

Transition from pandemic to infodemic: an analysis of Turkishlanguage COVID-19 YouTube videos.

Background: YouTube can be a powerful educational tool for the dissemination of health information. However, if uploaded health-related videos are inaccurate, it can mislead, create confusion and generate panic.

Aims: This study aimed to determine the success of the most-watched Turkish-language COVID-19 YouTube videos regarding information and guidance on the disease for the public.

Vitamin D Poisoning; Hypercalcemia in a Case with Richter Transformation.

In addition to modern medicine, the search for complementary and alternative medicine has been present for malignancy patients in every period. Confusion, polyuria, polydipsia, anorexia, vomiting, and muscle weakness are symptoms of acute poisoning and are related to hypercalcemia. In our case, a 52-year-old male patient applied to the Emergency Department(ED) with abdominal pain and weakness for two days.

Value of copeptin and S100B protein in the differential diagnosis of central vertigo and peripheral vertigo.

Objective: To investigate the usefulness of copeptin and S100B levels in the differentiation of central and peripheral vertigo.

Methods: Ninety patients were included in the study. Copeptin and S100B levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.

Efficacy of Serum Angiotensin II Levels in Prognosis of Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Objectives: We aimed to determine serum angiotensin II levels in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 infection and to investigate the effect of these levels on the prognosis of the disease.

Design: The study was planned prospectively and observationally.

Setting: The study was conducted in a tertiary university hospital.

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 levels in women with prior history of gestational diabetes mellitus.

It is known that women with prior history of gestational diabetes mellitus (pGDM) feature obesity, insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction which cause premature atherosclerosis. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta1) is a key cytokine in obesity and insulin resistance and also play important roles in the development of atherosclerosis. This study was conducted to demonstrate the serum TGF-beta1 levels of people with pGDM.

Evaluation of physical fitness in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare functional capacity in 30 Type 2 Diabetic patients with 30 healthy non-diabetic control subjects.

Methods: Physical fitness was evaluated using the "EUROFIT Physical Fitness Test Battery". This battery estimates body composition, cardiopulmonary, musculoskeletal and motor fitness.

A case of a de novo A3243G mutation in mitochondrial DNA in a patient with diabetes and deafness.

A female individual with symptoms of the Maternally Inherited Diabetes and Deafness syndrome (MIDD) was diagnosed positive for the A3243G mutation in her mitochondrial DNA. Heteroplasmy levels were 18% in DNA from leucocytes and 55% in oral mucosa DNA. This finding corroborates the diagnosis of MIDD.

Symptomatic hypocalcemia in a patient with latent hypoparathyroidism and breast carcinoma with bone metastasis following administration of pamidronate.

Pamidronate is an effective drug used not only in patients with tumor-associated hypercalcemia, but also in normocalcemic patients with metastatic bone disease to relieve pains. We describe a 39-year-old normocalcemic patient with subclinical hypoparathyroidism and bone metastasis due to breast carcinoma. Following parenteral administration of 60 mg pamidronate, the corrected serum level of calcium decreased from 2.

Correlation between serum lipoprotein(a) and angiographic coronary artery disease in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: To examine the impact of diabetic state on the concentrations of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and the correlation between angiographic coronary artery disease (CAD) and serum Lp(a) concentrations in NIDDM.

Design: In this cross-sectional study of 26 patients with NIDDM and 19 nondiabetic sex- and age-matched patients who underwent coronary angiography. CAD was assessed visually using coronary artery score (CAS), and plasma Lp(a) was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-induced hypoglycemia in a malnourished patient with severe infection.

Hypoglycemia resulting from the combination of sulfonylurea and sulfonamides is a recognized drug interaction. Hypoglycemia induced by sulfonamides alone may be encountered less frequently. Because of their structural similarities to sulfonylureas, sulfonamides are liable to facilitate hypoglycemia by increasing insulin release in susceptible individuals.

Early and delayed thallium-201 scintigraphy in thyroid nodules: the relationship between early thallium-201 uptake and perfusion.

Seventy-six patients with thyroid nodules were studied. Initially, 74 MBq of thallium-201 was injected. The thyroid gland was imaged 15 min (early) and 3 h (delayed) after the injection.

Scintigraphic evaluation of left ventricular function and correlation with autonomic cardiac neuropathy in diabetic patients.

Left ventricular function of 20 diabetic patients was investigated at rest and during hand-grip test using radionuclide ventriculography. The aim of the study was to discuss the correlation of cardiac function with autonomic cardiac neuropathy (ACN) in diabetic subjects. ACN was tested using heart rate response to valsalva maneuver, standing up, deep breathing; blood pressure response to standing up, sustained hand-grip, and additionally corrected QT (QTc) measurements.

Hepatitis C virus antibodies among risk groups in Turkey.

In order to determine the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the Black Sea region in Turkey, 287 serum samples taken from risk groups were investigated for anti-HCV antibodies using HCV EIA system. Anti-HCV antibodies were found to be positive in 51.2% of chronic haemodialysis patients, 20.