Objective: Management guidelines for bronchiolitis advocate for supportive care and exclude those with high-risk conditions. We aim to describe and compare the management of standard-risk and high-risk patients with bronchiolitis.
Methods: This retrospective study examined patients <2 years of age admitted to the general pediatric ward with an International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision discharge diagnosis code of bronchiolitis or viral syndrome with evidence of lower respiratory tract involvement.
Epilepsy, one of the most prevalent chronic neurological diseases, can cause severe morbidity as well as mortality. A mutation of the gene results in a rare genetic disease that causes epilepsy as its core presentation. Both neurological and non-neurological manifestations have been reported in patients with gene mutation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Klüver-Bucy syndrome is a rare and complex neurobehavioral cluster that occurs in humans and results from a temporal lobe lesion. It can be associated with a variety of causes. Stroke is a rarely reported cause of this syndrome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
April 2013
Chronic hyperglycemia in type-1 diabetes mellitus is associated with oxidative stress (OS) and sudden death. Mechanistic links remain unclear. We investigated changes in electrophysiological (EP) properties in a model of chronic hyperglycemia before and after challenge with OS by GSH oxidation and tested reversibility of EP remodeling by insulin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To investigate the clinical, genetic, and neuroradiologic data of biotin-responsive basal ganglia disease (BBGD) and clarify the disease spectrum.
Methods: We first investigated all patients attending our Division of Pediatric Neurology with a genetically proven diagnosis of BBGD between 2009 and 2011. All patients underwent a detailed medical history and clinical examination, extensive laboratory investigations including genetic tests, and brain MRI.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced ROS release (RIRR) is a fundamental mechanism by which cardiac mitochondria respond to elevated ROS levels by stimulating endogenous ROS production in a regenerative, autocatalytic process that ultimately results in global oxidative stress (OS), cellular dysfunction and death. Despite elegant studies describing the phenomenon of RIRR under artificial conditions such as photo-induced oxidation of discrete regions within cardiomyocytes, the existence, biophysical properties and functional consequences of RIRR in intact myocardium remain unclear. Here, we used a semi-quantitative approach of optical superoxide (O(2)(-)) mapping using dihydroethidium (DHE) fluorescence to explore RIRR, its arrhythmic consequences and underlying mechanisms in intact myocardium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCitalopram, a serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) is one of the widely used antidepressants. Apart from its antidepressant activity citalopram is also used for anxiety, panic disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder and behavioral disturbances of dementia. Tremor is the second most common neurological adverse effect in patients receiving treatment with SSRIs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere has been a renaissance in the surgical management of Parkinson`s disease. This has been due to long-term effects of levodopa and a better understanding of the basal ganglia and its circuitry. Ablative surgery and neurostimulation are the only realistic surgical options at present.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThere has been a renaissance in the surgical management of Parkinson's disease. This has been due to long-term effects of levodopa and a better understanding of the basal ganglia and its circuitry. Ablative surgery and neurostimulation are the only realistic surgical options at present.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuronal hyperactivity in essential tremor is accompanied by high energy demand in cerebellum, medulla and the thalamus. It has been suggested that brain regions that have increased metabolic demands are highly vulnerable to interruptions in glucose metabolism. In the present investigation attempt was made to study the effect of 2-deoxyglucose (2DG) a glycolytic pathway inhibitor on harmaline induced tremor in rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent studies suggest an association between caffeine consumption and tremor. However, the available literature is scanty and inconclusive. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of acute caffeine treatment on harmaline induced tremors in the rat.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent experimental and clinical studies clearly suggest the role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the pathogenesis of tremors. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of baclofen, a GABA B receptor agonist on harmaline induced tremors. Four groups of female Wistar rats weighing 100+/-15 g were injected with harmaline (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) for inducing experimental tremors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDC) is a substituted dithiocarbamate that is metabolically interconvertible with disulfiram (Ant-abuse). In recent years DEDC has received considerable attention because of its clinical applications and potential role in mediating both the toxic and therapeutic actions of disulfiram which is frequently used for alcohol aversion therapy. DEDC is known for its multiplicity of action that exerts both pro- and antioxidant effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObject: This investigation was undertaken to study the effect of aluminum on neurobehavioral, electrophysiological, structural, and biochemical changes in rats following spinal cord injury (SCI).
Methods: Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats classified into different groups were given aluminum sulfate-dosed drinking water in the concentrations of 0%, 0.25%, 0.
In recent years, an increasing number of cases of neuropathy have been reported as a result of accidental or occupational exposure to chemicals. Acrylamide (Acr), a widely used industrial chemical, is known to produce peripheral neuropathy that resembles diabetic neuropathy in many ways. However, the interaction between diabetes and Acr has not been studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of lidocaine on harmaline-induced tremors in the rat. Four groups of Wistar rats weighing 45-50 g were injected with harmaline (50 mg/kg i.p.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRestor Neurol Neurosci
January 2000
Purpose: Diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDC) is a substituted dithiocarbamate that is metabolically interconvertible with disulfiram (Ant-abuse). In recent years DEDC has received considerable attention because of its clinical applications and potential role in mediating both the toxic and therapeutic actions of disulfiram which is frequently used for alcohol aversion therapy. DEDC is known for its multiplicity of action that exerts both pro- and antioxidant effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Neurochir (Wien)
December 1999
Acrylamide (ACR) is a cumulative neurotoxin which causes axonal degeneration in animals and man. Industrial workers exposed to ACR have been reported to suffer from a variety of central and peripheral neuropathological symptoms including numbness of hands and feet, skin peeling and muscular weakness of legs. These reports suggest that the body burden of ACR may be a risk factor in recovery patterns following neurotrauma.
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