The speed control of PMLSM with discontinuous driving coils based on multi-loop DOB model.

A permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) with discontinuous driving coils potentially applied in the underground pipeline freight delivery system is introduced in this article. Firstly, the detailed structure of the PMLSM with discontinuous driving coils is designed and presented, and the dynamic models of the PMLSM during three different processes are developed. In addition, based on the proportional-integral (PI) and the adaptive disturbance observer (DOB), a multi-loop control strategy is designed for the PMLSM with discontinuous driving coils.

Research Updates on the Mechanism and Influencing Factors of the Photocatalytic Degradation of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) in Water Environments.

Perfluorooctanoic acid is ubiquitous in water bodies and is detrimental to the health of organisms. Effectively removing perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a persistent organic pollutant, has been a hot topic around the world. With traditional physical, chemical, and biological methods, it is difficult to effectively and completely remove PFOA, the costs are high, and it is easy to cause secondary pollution.

Preparation of aluminium-hydroxide-modified diatomite and its fluoride adsorption mechanism.

As the current excessive accumulation of fluoride (F) in the environment can be hazardous to human health, it is essential to remove fluoride from wastewater. In this study, diatomite (DA) was used as a raw material and modified using aluminum hydroxide (Al-DA) for use in the adsorption of F from water bodies. SEM, EDS, XRD, FTIR, and Zeta potential characterization analyses were carried out; adsorption tests and kinetic fitting were performed, and the effects of pH, dosing quantity, and presence of interfering ions on the adsorption of F by the materials were investigated.

Evaluating brain damage in multiple sclerosis with simultaneous multi-angular-relaxometry of tissue.

Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common demyelinating central nervous system disease. MRI methods that can quantify myelin loss are needed for trials of putative remyelinating agents. Quantitative magnetization transfer MRI introduced the macromolecule proton fraction (MPF), which correlates with myelin concentration.

Different clinical characteristics and survival between surgically resected pure and combined small cell lung cancer.

Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most malignant and common form of neuroendocrine lung cancer with pure (P-SCLC) and combined subtypes (C-SCLC). However, little is known about the differences between these two groups and in this study we aimed to provide a more comprehensive insight into SCLC.

Methods: Data from 580 postoperative patients with pathologically confirmed SCLC in Shanghai Chest Hospital from January 2010 to December 2020 were collected retrospectively.

Adsorption Characteristics and Charge Transfer Kinetics of Fluoride in Water by Different Adsorbents.

Water containing high concentrations of fluoride is widely distributed and seriously harmful, largely because long-term exposure to fluoride exceeding the recommended level will lead to fluorosis of teeth and bones. Therefore, it is imperative to develop cost-effective and environmentally friendly adsorbents to remove fluoride from polluted water sources. In this study, diatomite (DA), calcium bentonite (CB), bamboo charcoal (BC), and rice husk biochar (RHB) were tested as adsorbents to adsorb fluoride (F) from water, and this process was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (FEI-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).

Occurrence characteristics and health risk assessment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances from water in residential areas around fluorine chemical industrial areas, China.

Recently, identifying the contamination status and assessing the health risk of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in surface water and groundwater have been of great significance. Eighteen individual PFASs were analyzed in thirty-three surface/groundwater samples during one period in a fluorine chemical park (Park A) and during two periods in Park B. The mean total concentration of 18 PFASs (∑PFASs) in Park A (9104.

Stronger Microstructural Damage Revealed in Multiple Sclerosis Lesions With Central Vein Sign by Quantitative Gradient Echo MRI.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions typically form around a central vein that can be visualized with FLAIR* MRI, creating the central vein sign (CVS) which may reflect lesion pathophysiology. Herein we used gradient echo plural contrast imaging (GEPCI) MRI to simultaneously visualize CVS and measure tissue damage in MS lesions. We examined CVS in relation to tissue integrity in white matter (WM) lesions and among MS subtypes.

Multiple pollutants in groundwater near an abandoned Chinese fluorine chemical park: concentrations, correlations and health risk assessments.

Contamination and adverse effects from various pollutants often appear in abandoned industrial regions. Thus, nine groundwater samples were collected from the vicinity of the fluorochemical industry in Fuxin City, Liaoning Province, to determine concentrations of the ten heavy metals arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and mercury(Hg), as well as those of fluorine (F) and eighteen poly- and perfluorinated substances (PFASs), analyse correlation relationships, and assess the health risks for different age groups. The results showed that the levels of fluorine (F) (0.

Rotating characteristics and stability analysis of unsymmetrical magnetically suspended motor.

The rotating characteristic and the stability analysis of unsymmetrical magnetically suspended motor (MSM) are investigated in the article. Firstly, the dynamic functions of unsymmetrical MSM with different moment of inertia ratios and suspension span ratios are developed. Based on the equation of radial rotation, the open-loop pole and the frequency response are analyzed, so relationships among critical whirling frequency, moment of inertia ratio and suspension span ratio are established.

The airborne inertially stabilized platform suspend by an axial-radial integrated active magnetic actuator system.

Introduction: The inertial stabilization platform (ISP) is widely used in the earth observation system to stably track the line of sight of the payload because it could isolate vibrations and angular motions of the aviation platform.

Objectives: an active magnetic actuator (AMA) system integrating the axial and the radial control is used to levitate the azimuth gimbal to improve attitude stabilization precision and dynamic performance of the ISP, and then the dynamic model of azimuth gimbal is developed.

Methods: The magnetic force and the gimbal torque of the axial-radial integrated AMA system are investigated, and the attitude information of the suspended azimuth gimbal is measured.

The force effects of two types of polyethylene terephthalate glyc-olmodified clear aligners immersed in artificial saliva.

Numerous factors can influence the force exerted by clear aligners on teeth. This study aimed to investigate the stability of the force delivered by two different material appliances. 90 clear aligners with 2 materials and three different activations were designed and fabricated.

Curcumin Ameliorates Copper-Induced Neurotoxicity Through Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Apoptosis in SH-SY5Y Cells.

Impaired homeostasis of copper has been linked to different pathophysiological mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases and oxidative injury has been proposed as the main mechanism. This study aims to use curcumin, a widely used antioxidative and anti-apoptotic agent, to exert the neuroprotective effect against copper in vitro and illuminate the underlying mechanism. The effect of curcumin was examined by using a cell counting kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, spectrophotometer, and western blot.

Optimal control for hybrid magnetically suspended flywheel rotor based on state feedback exact linearization model.

For a hybrid magnetically suspended flywheel (MSFW) rotor suspended by permanent magnet biased active magnetic bearing (AMB) and passive magnetic bearing (PMB), the dynamic functions are nonlinear and coupling among different degrees of freedom (DOFs). In this article, the nonlinear dynamic functions in two controllable DOFs of the hybrid MSFW rotor are developed based on the equivalent magnetic circuit, and then the nonlinear dynamic function is linearized by using the state feedback exact linearization (SFEL) in order to minimize the coupling in two controllable DOFs. Furthermore, an optimal control based on the SFEL model is designed to reduce displacement runout and coupling among two controllable DOFs of the hybrid MSFW rotor at the rated speed.

Stable control of magnetically suspended motor with heavy self-weight and great moment of inertia.

In this article, for the translation and radial rotation of the magnetically suspended motor (MSM) with heavy self-weight and great moment of inertia, robust control functions are designed to improve the disturbance attenuation by minimizing model uncertainties introduced by variations of current stiffness and displacement stiffness. On the one hand, the H control function with the mixed sensitivity is designed to the translational control of the MSM. On the other hand, for the rotation control of the MSM around radial axes, μ-synthesis is utilized to attenuate disturbances caused by the gyroscopic coupling with variable rotational speed.

In vivo evolution of biopsy-proven inflammatory demyelination quantified by R2t* mapping.

A 35-year-old man with an enhancing tumefactive brain lesion underwent biopsy, revealing inflammatory demyelination. We used quantitative Gradient-Recalled-Echo (qGRE) MRI to visualize and measure tissue damage in the lesion. Two weeks after biopsy, qGRE showed significant R2t* reduction in the left optic radiation and surrounding tissue, consistent with the histopathological and clinical findings.

Curcumin Attenuates Colistin-Induced Peripheral Neurotoxicity in Mice.

Peripheral neurotoxicity often occurs in patients receiving parenteral polymyxin therapy (i.e., colistin methanesulfonate or polymyxin B).

Colistin induced peripheral neurotoxicity involves mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in mice.

Polymyxin is a critical antibiotic against the infection caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. Neurotoxicity is one of main dose-limiting factors. The present study aimed to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism on colistin induced peripheral neurotoxicity using a mouse model.

Different Toxic Effects of Racemate, Enantiomers, and Metabolite of Malathion on HepG2 Cells Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole-Time-of-Flight-Based Metabolomics.

Commercial malathion is a racemic mixture that contains two enantiomers, and malathion has adverse effects on mammals. However, whether these two enantiomers have different effects on animals remains unclear. In this study, we tested the effect of racemate, enantiomers, and metabolite of malathion on the metabolomics profile of HepG2 cells.

Single scan quantitative gradient recalled echo MRI for evaluation of tissue damage in lesions and normal appearing gray and white matter in multiple sclerosis.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease affecting the human central nervous system (CNS) and leading to neurologic disability. Although conventional MRI techniques can readily detect focal white matter (WM) lesions, it remains challenging to quantify tissue damage in normal-appearing gray matter (GM) and WM.

Purpose: To demonstrate that a new MRI biomarker, R2t*, can provide quantitative analysis of tissue damage across the brain in MS patients in a single scan.

Systems Pharmacological Approach to Investigate the Mechanism of for Alzheimer's Disease.

In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), () is widely used to treat memory and cognition dysfunction. This study aimed to confirm evidence regarding the potential therapeutic effect of on Alzheimer's disease (AD) using a system network level based approach. Study results showed that the compounds in are highly connected to AD-related signaling pathways, biological processes, and organs.

Lianqinjiedu decoction attenuates LPS-induced inflammation and acute lung injury in rats via TLR4/NF-κB pathway.

Acute lung injury (ALI) and its severe form acute respiratory distress syndrome remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. LianQinJieDu (LQJD), which is a traditional Chinese medicine, has been clinically used for antiviral drug. The present study investigated whether Lianqinjiedu(LQJD) ameliorates lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced acute lung injury in rats and aimed to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of LQJD.