Polymicrobial interactions of and its role in the process of oral diseases.

Objective:  infection affects approximately 50% of the global population. The predominant route of transmission is through the oral pathway, making the oral cavity highly significant in its infection. This review focuses on the relationship between  and oral diseases, the influence of  infection on the oral microbiota, and the potential mechanisms involving certain oral pathogens.

Estrogen prevented gingival barrier injury from lipopolysaccharide.

The postmenopausal population usually suffers from more severe periodontal disease than non-menopausal women due to the decrease and low levels of estrogen, especially β-estradiol (E2). While additional estrogen therapy can effectively relieve alveolar bone resorption, this suggests that estrogen has played an important role in the development of periodontitis. The integrity of the gingival epithelial barrier plays a key role in protecting gingival tissue from inflammatory injury caused by pathogens.

Aloin remodels the cell wall of Candida albicans to reduce its hyphal virulence against oral candidiasis.

Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.

Challenges of quaternary ammonium antimicrobial agents: Mechanisms, resistance, persistence and impacts on the microecology.

Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) served as broad spectrum antimicrobial agents are widely applied for surface disinfection, skin and mucous disinfection, and mouthwash. The daily applications of QACs have significantly increased, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the environmental residues of QACs have demonstrated harmful impacts on the environment, leading to an increase in environmental contamination, resistant microbes and disruption of microecology.

New Polyketide Congeners with Antibacterial Activities from an Endophytic Fungus 17035 (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center No. 40666).

Four new polyketides, heterocornol Y (), stemphyindan (), pestalospirane C (), and stemphyspyrane (), along with five known ones (-) were isolated from the endophytic fungus 17035 (SG17035) based on the One Strain Many Compounds (OSMAC) strategy allied with an LC-MS approach. These structures were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic analyses, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and C NMR-DP4 analysis. Pestalospirane C () and stemphyspyrane () featured unprecedented spiroketal skeletons.

Effects of Toothpaste Containing 2% Zinc Citrate on Gingival Health and Three Related Bacteria-A Randomized Double-Blind Study.

Objectives: Gingivitis is the initial stage of periodontitis, one of the most common oral diseases and the primary cause of tooth loss. This study aims to evaluate the effect of toothpaste containing 2% zinc citrate on gingival health and the abundance of three bacteria related to gingivitis and periodontitis.

Methods And Materials: Eleven volunteers with the same oral health status were randomly assigned to the treatment (n = 5) and control (n = 6) groups.

A novel pH-responsive monomer inhibits a dual antifungal mode of action.

The scarcity of the antifungal drug arsenal highlights an urgent need to develop alternative treatments for candidiasis caused by (). As pH is closely associated with infection, it could be an essential target in a novel approach for designing antifungal therapy. In this study, a novel intelligent antifungal monomer, dodecylmethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEM), with a pH-responsive tertiary amine group and a methacrylate-derived CC double bond group is developed.

Dodecylmethylaminoethyl methacrylate inhibits Enterococcus faecalis in a pH-dependent manner.

Objectives: Considering the correlation between survival microenvironment of E. faecalis and acidic pH value, this study aimed to investigate the potential of utilizing pH-responsive DMAEM monomers and their copolymers with resin-based root canal sealers to inhibit E. faecalis.

wraps around and synergistically escapes from Neutrophil extracellular traps.

Background: NETs, a unique neutrophil immune mechanism, are vital in defending against microbial invasions. Understanding the mechanisms of co-infection by and , which often leads to higher mortality and poorer prognosis, is crucial for studying infection progression.

Methods: In our study, we established a mouse model of subcutaneous infection to characterize the inflammation induced by co-infection.

CD47-SIRPα Blockade Sensitizes Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma to Cetuximab by Enhancing Macrophage Adhesion to Cancer Cells.

Developing effective treatments for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a significant challenge. Cetuximab, a first-line targeted therapy for HNSCC, exhibits limited efficacy. Here, we used pooled CRISPR screening to find targets that can synergize with cetuximab and identified CD47 as the leading candidate.

Candida species in periodontitis: A new villain or a new target?

Objectives: Recent research indicated that fungi might have a role in periodontitis alongside traditional periodontal pathogens. This state-of-the-art narrative review explores current concepts on the involvement of Candida species in periodontitis, and suggests the potential for ecological management of this disease.

Data, Sources And Study Selection: A literature search was conducted for a narrative review on Web of Science, PubMed, Medline and Scopus about periodontitis associated with Candida species.

Incorporation of PD-1 blockade into induction chemotherapy improved tumor response in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a retrospective patient cohort.

Objective: To investigate the short-term efficacy and safety of induction chemotherapy (IC) combined with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC).

Methods: A total of 217 patients diagnosed with LA-NPC at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, including 67 who received IC combined with anti-PD-1 and 150 who received IC, were retrospectively enrolled. Efficacy was evaluated at the end of the IC cycles and one month after radiotherapy based on RECIST v1.

Secretory IgA reduced the ergosterol contents of Candida albicans to repress its hyphal growth and virulence.

Candida albicans, one of the most prevalent conditional pathogenic fungi, can cause local superficial infections and lethal systemic infections, especially in the immunocompromised population. Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) is an important immune protein regulating the pathogenicity of C. albicans.

Holotoxin A from Apostichopus japonicus inhibited oropharyngeal and intra-abdominal candidiasis by inducing oxidative damage in Candida albicans.

Background And Purpose: The holotoxin A, isolated from Apostichopus japonicus, exhibits potent antifungal activities, but the mechanism and efficacy against candidiasis are unclear. In this study we have studied the antifungal effects and mechanism of holotoxin A against Candida albicans and in murine oropharyngeal and intra-abdominal candidiasis.

Experimental Approach: The antifungal effect of holotoxin A against C.

Omics for deciphering oral microecology.

The human oral microbiome harbors one of the most diverse microbial communities in the human body, playing critical roles in oral and systemic health. Recent technological innovations are propelling the characterization and manipulation of oral microbiota. High-throughput sequencing enables comprehensive taxonomic and functional profiling of oral microbiomes.

Development of Antibacterial Peptides with Membrane Disruption and Folate Pathway Inhibitory Activities against Methicillin-Resistant .

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) offer an opportunity to overcome multidrug resistance. Here, novel peptides were designed based on AMP fragments derived from sea cucumber hemolytic lectin to enhance anti-methicillin-resistant (MRSA) activity with less side effects. Two designed peptides, CGS19 (LARVARRVIRFIRRAW-NH2) and CGS20 (RRRLARRLIFFIRRAW-NH2), exhibited strong antibacterial activities against clinically isolated MRSA with MICs of 3-6 μM, but no obvious cytotoxicity was observed.

Stimulus-responsive biomaterials for Helicobacter pylori eradication.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), the only bacterium classified as a type I (definite) carcinogen, is strongly associated with the development of gastric inflammation and adenocarcinoma. It infects the stomach of approximately half of the global population, equivalent to nearly 4.

Simultaneously characterization of multiple constituents in Valeriana jatamansi Jones using an online supercritical fluid extraction-high-performance liquid chromatography/supercritical fluid chromatography-mass spectrometry system.

Valeriana jatamansi Jones is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, boasting rich effective compositions with versatile chemical structures and wide polarity, including iridoids, chlorogenic acid, and flavonoids. Previous reports indicate that conventional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analytical methods have proven inefficient performance in comprehensively characterizing components in Valeriana jatamansi. In the present study, a hybrid online analytical platform combining supercritical fluid extraction with both conventional HPLC separation (reverse phase) and supercritical fluid chromatography (normal phase) has been established and validated.

Artemisinins inhibit oral candidiasis caused by Candida albicans through the repression on its hyphal development.

Candida albicans is the most abundant fungal species in oral cavity. As a smart opportunistic pathogen, it increases the virulence by switching its forms from yeasts to hyphae and becomes the major pathogenic agent for oral candidiasis. However, the overuse of current clinical antifungals and lack of new types of drugs highlight the challenges in the antifungal treatments because of the drug resistance and side effects.

Dimethylaminododecyl Methacrylate-Incorporated Dental Materials Could Be the First Line of Defense against .

Oral cavity is an essential reservoir for . We aimed to investigate the antibacterial effects of dimethylaminododecyl methacrylate (DMADDM) against . Modified giomers were prepared by introducing 0%, 1.

Lysine lactylation regulates metabolic pathways and biofilm formation in .

In eukaryotes, lactate produced during glycolysis is involved in regulating multiple metabolic processes through lysine lactylation (Kla). To explore the potential link between metabolism and Kla in prokaryotes, we investigated the distribution of Kla in the cariogenic bacterium during planktonic growth in low-sugar conditions and in biofilm-promoting, high-sugar conditions. We identified 1869 Kla sites in 469 proteins under these two conditions, with the biofilm growth state showing a greater number of lactylated sites and proteins.

Akkermansia muciniphila inhibited the periodontitis caused by Fusobacterium nucleatum.

Periodontitis is the most important cause of tooth loss in adults and is closely related to various systemic diseases. Its etiologic factor is plaque biofilm, and the primary treatment modality is plaque control. Studies have confirmed that Fusobacterium nucleatum can cause periodontitis through its virulence factors and copolymerizing effects with other periodontal pathogens, such as the red complex.

Heavy Ion Radiation Directly Induced the Shift of Oral Microbiota and Increased the Cariogenicity of .

Radiation caries is one of the most common complications of head and neck radiotherapy. A shift in the oral microbiota is the main factor of radiation caries. A new form of biosafe radiation, heavy ion radiation, is increasingly being applied in clinical treatment due to its superior depth-dose distribution and biological effects.