High-nitrogen-induced γ-aminobutyric acid triggers host immunity and pathogen oxidative stress tolerance in tomato and Ralstonia solanacearum interaction.

Soil nitrogen (N) significantly influences the interaction between plants and pathogens, yet its impact on host defenses and pathogen strategies via alterations in plant metabolism remains unclear. Through metabolic and genetic studies, this research demonstrates that high-N-input exacerbates tomato bacterial wilt by altering γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolism of host plants. Under high-N conditions, the nitrate sensor NIN-like protein 7 (SlNLP7) promotes the glutamate decarboxylase 2/4 (SlGAD2/4) transcription and GABA synthesis by directly binding to the promoters of SlGAD2/4.

Chinese herbal Jianpi Jiedu formula suppressed colorectal cancer growth in vitro and in vivo via modulating hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha-mediated fibroblasts activation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Jianpi Jiedu Formula (JPJDF) is a traditional Chinese medicinal decoction clinically used for its anti-cancer properties, particularly in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Aim Of The Study: This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects of JPJDF on CRC and elucidate its potential molecular mechanisms, with a focus on its impact on hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) both in vitro and in vivo.

Materials And Methods: UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was used to identify the constituents of JPJDF.

Identification and validation of a novel 17 coagulation-related genes signature for predicting prognostic risk in colorectal cancer.

Background: Patients with colorectal cancer commonly experience disturbances in coagulation homeostasis. Activation of the coagulation system contributes to cancer-associated thrombosis as the second risk factor for death in cancer patients. This study intended to discover coagulation-related genes and construct a risk model for colorectal cancer patients' prognosis.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals the crosstalk between type 2 diabetes and chronic pancreatitis.

Background And Aims: Mounting evidence highlights a strong association between chronic pancreatitis (CP) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), although the exact mechanism of interaction remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the crosstalk genes and pathogenesis between CP and T2D.

Methods: Transcriptomic gene expression profiles of CP and T2D were extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus, respectively, and the common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were subsequently identified.

Redesigning a S-nitrosylated pyruvate-dependent GABA transaminase 1 to generate high-malate and saline-alkali-tolerant tomato.

Although saline-alkali stress can improve tomato quality, the detailed molecular processes that balance stress tolerance and quality are not well-understood. Our research links nitric oxide (NO) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) with the control of root malate exudation and fruit malate storage, mediated by aluminium-activated malate transporter 9/14 (SlALMT9/14). By modifying a specific S-nitrosylated site on pyruvate-dependent GABA transaminase 1 (SlGABA-TP1), we have found a way to enhance both plant's saline-alkali tolerance and fruit quality.

Efficacy and safety of Shenbai Granules for recurrent colorectal adenoma: A multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Colorectal adenoma is benign glandular tumor of colon, the precursor of colorectal cancer. But no pharmaceutical medication is currently available to treat and prevent adenomas.

Purpose: To evaluate efficacy of Shenbai Granules, an herbal medicine formula, in reducing the recurrence of adenomas.

The Effects of Exogenous 2,4-Epibrassinolide on the Germination of Cucumber Seeds under NaHCO Stress.

This investigation focused on the suppressive impact of varying NaHCO concentrations on cucumber seed germination and the ameliorative effects of 2,4-Epibrassinolide (EBR). The findings revealed a negative correlation between NaHCO concentration and cucumber seed germination, with increased NaHCO concentrations leading to a notable decline in germination. Crucially, the application of exogenous EBR significantly counteracted this inhibition, effectively enhancing germination rates and seed vigor.

Efficacy and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in recurrent pancreatitis of pediatric asparaginase-associated pancreatitis.

Background: Asparaginase (ASP) is an important drug in combined chemotherapy regimens for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL); ASP-associated pancreatitis (AAP) is the main adverse reaction of ASP. Recurrent pancreatitis is a complication of AAP, for which medication is ineffective.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in treating recurrent pancreatitis due to AAP.

IFN-γ promotes radioresistant Nestin-expressing progenitor regeneration in the developing cerebellum by augmenting Shh ligand production.

Background: Patients with brain tumors, especially pediatric brain tumors such as cerebellar medulloblastoma, always suffer from the severe side effects of radiotherapy. Regeneration of neural cells in irradiation-induced cerebellar injury has been reported, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive.

Methods: We established an irradiation-induced developing cerebellum injury model in neonatal mice.

Comparison of the short- and long-term prognosis of early-onset colorectal cancer compared with later-onset colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: The annual incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) is increasing at an alarming rate. The prognosis of EOCRC remains controversial, and whether the early onset is a risk factor for colorectal cancer remains unclear.

Methods: We searched four electronic bibliographic databases from database inception to April 25, 2022 for studies that included both early- and later-onset patients and performed a prognostic analysis.

External use of mirabilite to prevent post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis in children: A multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background: Acute pancreatitis is the most common complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Currently, there is no suitable treatment for post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) prophylaxis. Few studies have prospectively evaluated interventions to prevent PEP in children.

Karrikin increases tomato cold tolerance via strigolactone and the abscisic acid signaling network.

As a class of biostimulants, karrikins (KARs) were first identified from plant-derived smoke to regulate plant growth, development, and stress tolerance. However, the roles of KARs in plant cold tolerance and their crosstalk with strigolactones (SLs) and abscisic acid (ABA) remain elusive. We studied the interaction among KAR, SLs, and ABA in cold acclimatization with KAI2-, MAX1-, SnRK2.

S-nitrosylation of ACO homolog 4 improves ethylene synthesis and salt tolerance in tomato.

Crop loss due to soil salinization is a global threat to agriculture. Nitric oxide (NO) and ethylene involve in multiple plant tolerance. However, their interaction in salt resistance remains largely elusive.

Effects of linalool on growth and control of tomato gray mold.

We examined the antifungal characteristics of linalool against using plate inhibition assay and spore germination assay, and assessed the capacity of linalool in controlling tomato gray mold disease via tomato pot inoculation assay. The results showed that linalool exhibited strong inhibitive effects on mycelial growth of , with an EC value of 0.581 mL·L.

Clinical characteristics and endoscopic treatment of pancreatitis caused by pancreaticobiliary malformation in Chinese children.

Objectives: We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with pancreatitis caused by pancreaticobiliary malformation and to evaluate the efficacy and safety of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the diagnosis of the disease.

Methods: Medical records of pediatric patients with pancreatitis related to pancreaticobiliary malformation diagnosed by ERCP and treated in our hospital between April 2008 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical manifestations, laboratory indicators, genetic testing results and imaging findings including MRCP were collected.

Long-term outcomes of endoscopic papillary large-balloon dilation (12-15 mm) with or without limited sphincterotomy for removal of bile duct stones.

Background: Limited endoscopic sphincterotomy with large balloon dilation (ES-LBD) and endoscopic papillary large-balloon dilation (EPLBD) have been proven safe and effective for removal of bile duct stones. However, the long-term outcomes are not clear. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term outcomes of EPLBD (12-15 mm) with or without limited sphincterotomy for removal of common bile duct (CBD) stones.

Phytomelatonin and plant mineral nutrition.

Plant mineral nutrition is critical for agricultural productivity and for human nutrition; however, the availability of mineral elements is spatially and temporally heterogeneous in many ecosystems and agricultural landscapes. Nutrient imbalances trigger intricate signalling networks that modulate plant acclimation responses. One signalling agent of particular importance in such networks is phytomelatonin, a pleiotropic molecule with multiple functions.

Complement C3a activates astrocytes to promote medulloblastoma progression through TNF-α.

Background: Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Approximately one-third of MB patients remain incurable. Understanding the molecular mechanism of MB tumorigenesis is, therefore, critical for developing specific and effective treatment strategies.

GABA keeps nitric oxide in balance by regulating GSNOR to enhance disease resistance of harvested tomato against Botrytis cinerea.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a widely distributed metabolite in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, has many functions for plants in stress responses. In this study, hypotonic treatment with 10 mmol L GABA in cherry tomato induced resistance to Botrytis cinerea with markedly lower disease incidence and lesion diameter, led to endogenous nitric oxide (NO) tansient accumulation before inoculation the pathogen then decrease after inoculation, and enhanced the content of arginine (Arg) and glutamic acid (Glu). The resistance of fruit treated with a NO scavenger, carboxy-2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (cPTIO), was significantly reduced.

Efficacy and safety of Elian Granules in treating chronic atrophic gastritis: study protocol for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial.

Background: Multifocal atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia are considered to be important links in the gastric precancerous cascade. However, there are no specific drugs for these conditions. Although many studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine is effective with no serious side effects, these studies have not been scientifically rigorous trials.

γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) improves pesticide detoxification in plants.

It is important to ensure food safety to study the technology and mechanism of pesticide residues degradation in crops. Though γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been widely reported to involve in plant stress resistance, whether exogenous application or endogenous regulation of GABA by gene-editing technology can promote the pesticide detoxification is not clear in plants. Using tomato and chlorothalonil (CHT) as research models, we discovered that exogenous application of GABA or endogenous elevation of GABA by knockout of pyruvate-dependent GABA transaminase promoted both CHT metabolism and plant stress tolerance to CHT.

The role and significance of magnetic resonance imaging and miRNA-125b expression level in diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an important challenge for clinicians, and finding new approaches to better diagnosis is the basis of a new area of cancer research.

Aim: To investigate the diagnostic value and significance of MRI combined with miRNA-125 expression in head and neck SCC.

Material And Methods: Sixty patients with head and neck SCC were selected as the tumour group, and 20 healthy volunteers as the control group.

Analysis of the Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Children With Symptomatic Pancreas Divisum.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been increasingly performed in children with symptomatic pancreas divisum (PD). To investigate the safety and efficacy of ERCP in the treatment of children with symptomatic PD. We performed a retrospective analysis on children with PD who were treated with ERCP at Shanghai Children's Medical Center between June 2015 and May 2020.

DNA methylation and fluoride exposure in school-age children: Epigenome-wide screening and population-based validation.

Excessive fluoride exposure and epigenetic change can induce numerous adverse health outcomes, but the role of epigenetics underneath the harmful health effects induced by fluoride exposure is unclear. In such gap, we evaluated the associations between fluoride exposure and genome-wide DNA methylation, and identified that novel candidate genes associated with fluoride exposure. A total of 931 school-age children (8-12 years) in Tongxu County of Henan Province (China) were recruited in 2017.