Characterization of the aerosol release from spray cleaning and disinfection products - Spray scenarios in a climate chamber.

Cleaning work using spray products has been associated with adverse respiratory effects but little is known of the exposure concentrations. The purpose of this study was to characterize aerosol generation at spray scenarios in a controlled climate chamber. Spraying on vertically and horizontally oriented surfaces, as well as spraying on a cloth, was investigated.

Historical Asbestos Measurements in Denmark-A National Database.

Objectives: Due to the long lag-time for health outcomes, historical asbestos exposure measurements are valuable to support assessments of associated occupational health effects, and also to assess time trends and effects of preventive measures.

Methods: Different sources of stored data were collated, assessed and refined to create a harmonized database on historical asbestos fibre concentrations measured in specific work tasks and different industries. The final database contains 9236 asbestos measurements from Danish workplaces collected from 1971 to 1997.

Mucus mediated protection against acute colitis in adiponectin deficient mice.

Background: Acute ulcerative colitis is an inflammation-driven condition of the bowel. It hampers the general homeostasis of gut, resulting in decreased mucus production and epithelial cell renewal. Adiponectin (APN), an adipocytokine, is secreted by the adipose tissue and has been debated both as a pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory protein depending on the disease condition and microenvironment.

Mucus and adiponectin deficiency: role in chronic inflammation-induced colon cancer.

Purpose: This study aims to define the role of adiponectin (APN) in preventing goblet cell apoptosis and in differentiation of epithelial cells to goblet cell lineage resulting in greater mucus production and hence greater protection from chronic inflammation-induced colon cancer (CICC).

Methods: Six- to eight-week-old male APNKO and C57BL/6 (WT) mice were randomly distributed to three treatment groups: DSS, DMH, DSS + DMH and control. Chronic inflammation was induced in DSS and DSS + DMH group by administrating 2 % DSS in drinking water for 5 days followed by 5 days of normal drinking water and this constitutes one DSS cycle.

Effect of exercise on chemically-induced colitis in adiponectin deficient mice.

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases are associated with increased adiponectin (APN) levels, which may exert pro-inflammatory effects in these individuals. Since habitual exercise may increase APN, the aim of this study was to determine how exercise training affects mice with acute colitis.

Methods: Male adiponectin knock out (APNKO) and wild type (WT) mice (C57BL/6) were randomly assigned to 4 different groups: 1) Sedentary (SED); 2) Exercise trained (ET); 3) Sedentary with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) treatment (SED + DSS); and 4) Exercise trained with DSS (ET + DSS).

Adiponectin deficiency: role in chronic inflammation induced colon cancer.

Adiponectin (APN), an adipokine, exerts an anti-inflammatory and anti-cancerous activity with its role in glucose and lipid metabolism and its absence related to several obesity related malignancies including colorectal cancer. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of APN deficiency on the chronic inflammation-induced colon cancer. This was achieved by inducing inflammation and colon cancer in both APN knockout (KO) and C57B1/6 wild type (WT) mice.

Apoptosis and inflammation: role of adipokines in inflammatory bowel disease.

Objectives: Leptin and adiponectin (APN) are adipokines produced by adipocytes that participate in the modulation of immune and inflammatory responses. In Crohn's disease (CD), fat wrapping surrounding the inflamed intestine produces high levels of leptin and APN. In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), apoptosis resistance of lamina propria T lymphocytes (LPL-T) is one of the mechanisms that maintains chronic inflammation.