Enhanced Accumulation and Penetration of Magnetic Nanoclusters in Tumors Using an 8-Magnet Halbach Array Leads to Improved Cancer Treatment.

Nanoparticles have gained attention as drug delivery vehicles for cancer treatment, but often struggle with poor tumor accumulation and penetration. Single external magnets can enhance magnetic nanoparticle delivery but are limited to superficial tumors due to the rapid decline in the magnetic field strength with distance. We previously showed that a 2-magnet device could extend targeting to greater tissue depths.

Rapid, site-specific labeling of "off-the-shelf" and native serum autoantibodies with T cell-redirecting domains.

Extensive antibody engineering and cloning is typically required to generate new bispecific antibodies. Made-to-order genes, advanced expression systems, and high-efficiency cloning can simplify and accelerate this process, but it still can take months before a functional product is realized. We developed a simple method to site-specifically and covalently attach a T cell-redirecting domain to any off-the-shelf, human immunoglobulin G (IgG) or native IgG isolated from serum.

Use of magnetic fields and nanoparticles to trigger drug release and improve tumor targeting.

Drug delivery strategies aim to maximize a drug's therapeutic index by increasing the concentration of drug at target sites while minimizing delivery to off-target tissues. Because biological tissues are minimally responsive to magnetic fields, there has been a great deal of interest in using magnetic nanoparticles in combination with applied magnetic fields to selectively control the accumulation and release of drug in target tissues while minimizing the impact on surrounding tissue. In particular, spatially variant magnetic fields have been used to encourage accumulation of drug-loaded magnetic nanoparticles at target sites, while time-variant magnetic fields have been used to induce drug release from thermally sensitive nanocarriers.

Fucoidan-coated CuS nanoparticles for chemo-and photothermal therapy against cancer.

In advanced cancer therapy, the combinational therapeutic effect of photothermal therapy (PTT) using near-infrared (NIR) light-responsive nanoparticles (NPs) and anti-cancer drug delivery-mediated chemotherapy has been widely applied. In the present study, using a facile, low-cost, and solution-based method, we developed and synthesized fucoidan, a natural polymer isolated from seaweed that has demonstrated anti-cancer effect, and coated NPs with it as an ideal candidate in chemo-photothermal therapy against cancer cells. Fucoidan-coated copper sulfide nanoparticles (F-CuS) act not only as a nanocarrier to enhance the intracellular delivery of fucoidan but also as a photothermal agent to effectively ablate different cancer cells (e.

Lipopolysaccharide-coated CuS nanoparticles promoted anti-cancer and anti-metastatic effect by immuno-photothermal therapy.

To meet the ultimate goal of cancer therapy, which is treating not only the primary tumor but also preventing metastatic cancer, the concept of combining immunotherapy with photothermal therapy (PTT) is gaining great interest. Here, we studied the new material, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) coated copper sulfide nanoparticles (LPS-CuS), for the immuno-photothermal therapy. We evaluated the effect of LPS-CuS for induction of apoptosis of CT26 cells and activation of dendritic cells.

Photo-based PDT/PTT dual model killing and imaging of cancer cells using phycocyanin-polypyrrole nanoparticles.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) using nanoparticles have gained significant attention for its therapeutic effect for cancer treatment. In the present study, we fabricated polypyrrole nanoparticles by employing bovine serum albumin-phycocyanin complex and the formulated particles were stable in various physiological solutions like water, phosphate buffered saline and culture media. The formulated nanoparticles did not cause any noticeable toxicity to MDA-MB-231 and HEK-293 cells.

Laminarin promotes anti-cancer immunity by the maturation of dendritic cells.

This research evaluates the effects of laminarin on the maturation of dendritic cells and on the in vivo activation of anti-cancer immunity. In vivo treatment of C56BL/6 mice with laminarin increased the expression levels of co-stimulatory molecules and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in spleen dendritic cells. Laminarin enhanced ovalbumin antigen presentation in spleen dendritic cells and promoted the proliferation of OT-I and OT-II T cells.

Doxorubicin-loaded fucoidan capped gold nanoparticles for drug delivery and photoacoustic imaging.

Polymer nanoparticles are emerging as a useful tool for a wide variety of biomedical and therapeutic applications. The present study demonstrates the multifunctional doxorubicin-loaded fucoidan capped gold nanoparticles (DOX-Fu AuNPs) for drug delivery and photoacoustic imaging (PAI). Biocompatible AuNPs were synthesized using a naturally occurring fucoidan (Fu) as a capping and reducing agent.