Optimizing biomagnetic sensor performance through diagnostics: A novel approach with BEST (Biomagnetism Evaluation via Simulated Testing).

Advancing biomagnetic measurement capabilities requires a nuanced understanding of sensor performance beyond traditional metrics. This study introduces Biomagnetism Evaluation via Simulated Testing (BEST), a novel methodology combining a current dipole model simulating cardiac biomagnetic fields with a convolutional neural network. Our investigation reveals that optimal sensor array performance is achieved when sensors are in close proximity to the magnetic source, with a shorter effective domain.

Phytomelatonin: A key regulator of redox and phytohormones signaling against biotic/abiotic stresses.

Plants being sessile in nature, are exposed to unwarranted threats as a result of constantly changing environmental conditions. These adverse factors can have negative impacts on their growth, development, and yield. Hormones are key signaling molecules enabling cells to respond rapidly to different external and internal stimuli.

Co-occurrence pattern of bacteria and fungi on the leaves of the invasive aquatic plant Alternanthera philoxeroides.

The microbes that are attached to aquatic plants play critical roles in nutrient cycles and the maintenance of water quality. However, their community compositions, biodiversity and functions have not been well explored for the invasive plants in inland waters. Here, the co-occurrence patterns between bacteria and fungi on the leaves of Alternanthera philoxeroides and their potential ecological interactions were studied during the growing seasons.

The selection of copiotrophs may complicate biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships in microbial dilution-to-extinction experiments.

The relationships between biodiversity-ecosystem functioning (BEF) for microbial communities are poorly understood despite the important roles of microbes acting in natural ecosystems. Dilution-to-extinction (DTE), a method to manipulate microbial diversity, helps to fill the knowledge gap of microbial BEF relationships and has recently become more popular with the development of high-throughput sequencing techniques. However, the pattern of community assembly processes in DTE experiments is less explored and blocks our further understanding of BEF relationships in DTE studies.

Copper Peroxide Nanodots Encapsulated in a Metal-Organic Framework for Self-Supplying Hydrogen Peroxide and Signal Amplification of the Dual-Mode Immunoassay.

The necessary step of directly adding hydrogen peroxide (HO) into the detection system in traditional immunoassays hampers their applications as a portable device for point-of-care analysis due to the unstable liquid form of HO. Herein, a strategy of self-supplying HO and signal amplification triggering by copper peroxide nanodots encapsulated (CPNs) in metal-organic frameworks (ZIF-8) was proposed in an immunoassay for dual-signal detection of bisphenol A (a typical emerging organic pollutant), which was further fabricated as a lab-in-a-tube device integrated with a smartphone sensing platform. Herein, CPNs@ZIF-8 was modified on the antibody against bisphenol A; after the competitive binding of analytes, coating antigens, and antibodies, the released HO and Cu from encapsulated CPNs under the acidic condition will trigger a Fenton-like reaction to generate ·OH for oxidization of TMB; meanwhile, Cu could quench the fluorescence of GSH-Au NCs, resulting in dual-mode signals for measurements.

Encapsulating gold nanoclusters into metal-organic frameworks to boost luminescence for sensitive detection of copper ions and organophosphorus pesticides.

Gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) with luminescence property are emerging as promising candidates in fluorescent methods for monitoring contaminants, but low luminescence efficiency hampers their extensive applications. Herein, GSH-Au NCs@ZIF-8 was designed by encapsulating GSH-Au NCs with AIE effect into metal-organic frameworks, achieving high luminescence efficiency and good stability through the confinement effect of ZIF-8. Accordingly, a fluorescent sensing platform was constructed for the sensitive detection of copper ions (Cu) and organophosphorus pesticides (OPs).

The Interplay between Hydrogen Sulfide and Phytohormone Signaling Pathways under Challenging Environments.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) serves as an important gaseous signaling molecule that is involved in intra- and intercellular signal transduction in plant-environment interactions. In plants, HS is formed in sulfate/cysteine reduction pathways. The activation of endogenous HS and its exogenous application has been found to be highly effective in ameliorating a wide variety of stress conditions in plants.

Optimization of China's provincial carbon emission transfer structure under the dual constraints of economic development and emission reduction goals.

The contradiction between China's economic development and the reduction of carbon emission is increasingly deepening along with the complex carbon emission transfer. Optimizing provincial-level carbon emission transfer in China is important for facilitating economic development and carbon emission reduction. Under these dual constraints, this study uses the slacks-based measure, marginal abatement cost, and geographically and temporally weighted regression models to measure the economic and carbon emission reduction effects and the carbon emission reduction baseline.

A Novel Enzyme-Free Ratiometric Fluorescence Immunoassay Based on Silver Nanoparticles for the Detection of Dibutyl Phthalate from Environmental Waters.

A novel ratiometric fluorescent immunoassay was developed based on silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for the sensitive determination of dibutyl phthalate (DBP). In the detection system, AgNPs were labeled on the secondary antibody (AgNPs@Ab) for signal amplification, which aimed to regulate the HO concentrations. When AgNPs-Ab and antigen-primary antibody (Ab) were linked by specific recognition, the blue fluorescence of Scopoletin (SC) could be effectively quenched by the HO added while the red fluorescence of Amplex Red (AR) was generated.

Association between enterovirus infection and clinical type 1 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Numerous animal models and epidemiological and observational studies have demonstrated that enterovirus (EV) infection could be involved in the development of clinical type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but its aetiology is not fully understood. Therefore, we reviewed the association between EV infection and clinical T1DM. We searched PubMed and Embase from inception to April 2021 and reference lists of included studies without any language restrictions in only human studies.

Genome-Wide Identification and Comparative Analysis of the Gene Family in the Rosaceae and Expression Analysis of During Fruit Development.

The members of the Abscisic Acid (ABA) Stress and Ripening gene family () encode a class of plant-specific proteins with ABA/WDS domains that play important roles in fruit ripening, abiotic stress tolerance and biotic stress resistance in plants. The gene family has been widely investigated in the monocotyledons and dicotyledons. Although the genome sequence is already available for eight fruit species of the Rosaceae, there is far less information about the evolutionary characteristics and the function of the genes in the Rosaceae than in other plant families.

Genome‑wide characterization of the Gα subunit gene family in Rosaceae and expression analysis of PbrGPAs under heat stress.

The Gα subunit is an important component of the heterotrimeric G-protein complex and an integral component of several signal transduction pathways. It plays crucial roles in the diverse processes of plant growth and development, including the response to abiotic stress, regulation of root development, involvement in stomatal movement, and participation in hormone responses, which have been well investigated in many species. However, no comprehensive analysis has identified and explored the evolution, expression pattern characteristics and heat stress response of the Gα subunit genes in Rosaceae.

Signal-on electrochemical aptasensors with different target-induced conformations for prostate specific antigen detection.

Prostate specific antigen (PSA) has become a potential biomarker for detecting prostate cancer (PCa) in the early stage. Herein, we report a target-induced resolution for the detection of PSA sensitively and specifically by amperometric electrochemical measurements. To meet a satisfactory performance, three conformations of pre-design DNA aptamers including two stem-loop structures and a double strand structure have been investigated and compared.

A reusable neurotransmitter aptasensor for the sensitive detection of serotonin.

Serotonin is one of the important neurotransmitters in human nervous system and associated with central nervous system diseases. Herein, we have prepared a novel electrochemical aptasensor for rapid and sensitive detection of serotonin by using the pre-designed and prepared DNA aptamers. In the absence of serotonin, the electron transfer rate on the aptasensor was faster than that in the presence of serotonin due to the hairpin structure of the aptamer was loose and MB could be closer to the electrode surface.

A constructed wetland system with aquatic macrophytes for cleaning contaminated runoff/storm water from urban area in Florida.

A community of aquatic macrophytes has an important role in reducing nutrient load and organic and inorganic contaminants in storm/runoff water. However, minimal information is available regarding the efficiency of constructed wetlands for cleaning runoff water from urban areas, especially in the tropical and subtropical regions. This study investigated the effectiveness of constructed wetland integrated with aquatic macrophytes for removal of chemical and microbial contaminants in the storm/runoff water from the urban areas.

The Critical Roles of the SUMO-Specific Protease SENP3 in Human Diseases and Clinical Implications.

Post-translational modification by SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) proteins has been shown to regulate a variety of functions of proteins, including protein stability, chromatin organization, transcription, DNA repair, subcellular localization, protein-protein interactions, and protein homeostasis. SENP (sentrin/SUMO-specific protease) regulates precursor processing and deconjugation of SUMO to control cellular mechanisms. SENP3, which is one of the SENP family members, deconjugates target proteins to alter protein modification.

The important roles of protein SUMOylation in the occurrence and development of leukemia and clinical implications.

Leukemia is a severe malignancy of the hematopoietic system, which is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation and dedifferentiation of immature hematopoietic precursor cells in the lymphatic system and bone marrow. Leukemia is caused by alterations of the genetic and epigenetic regulation of processes underlying hematologic malignancies, including SUMO modification (SUMOylation). Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins covalently or noncovalently conjugate and modify a large number of target proteins via lysine residues.

Interactions between bacteria and fungi in macrophyte leaf litter decomposition.

Microbes play an important role in decomposition of macrophytes in shallow lakes, and the process can be greatly affected by bacteria-fungi interactions in response to material composition and environmental conditions. In this study, microbes involved in the decomposition of leaf litter from three macrophyte species, Zizania latifolia, Hydrilla verticillata and Nymphoides peltata, were analysed at temperatures of 5, 15 and 25 °C. Results indicate that the decomposition rate was affected by temperature.

Ameliorating Effect of Pentadecapeptide Derived from on Cyclophosphamide-Induced Nephrotoxicity.

Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a widely used anticancer drug with severe nephrotoxicity. The pentadecapeptide (RVAPEEHPVEGRYLV) from (SCSP) has been shown to affect immunity and to protect the liver. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the ameliorating effect of SCSP on CTX-induced nephrotoxicity in mice.

Transcriptome analysis reveals the regulation of metabolic processes during the post-harvest cold storage of pear.

Pear is a traditional and economically fruit tree worldwide. With the development of the pear industry, pear fruit post-harvest preservation techniques have become very important. Among them, low temperature preservation technology is most widely used, but the molecular mechanism underlying this process is still unclear.

Identification of hexokinase family members in pear (Pyrus × bretschneideri) and functional exploration of PbHXK1 in modulating sugar content and plant growth.

Hexokinase (HXK) is a multifunctional protein that serves as a sugar sensor for glucose signaling and a catalyst for glycolysis. It has been well studied in many species, however, there is far less information about this family in pear. To investigate the roles of HXK in the growth and development of pear fruit, we performed a genome-wide analysis and identified the HXK gene family members in pear.

DNA conformational polymorphism for biosensing applications.

In this mini review, we will briefly introduce the rapid development of DNA conformational polymorphism in biosensing field, including canonical DNA duplex, triplex, quadruplex, DNA origami, as well as more functionalized DNAs (aptamer, DNAzyme etc.). Various DNA structures are adopted to play important roles in sensor construction, through working as recognition receptor, signal reporter or linking staple for signal motifs, etc.

A MADS-box transcription factor of 'Kuerlexiangli'(Pyrus sinkiangensis Yu) PsJOINTLESS gene functions in floral organ abscission.

MADS-box proteins have been implicated in many biological processes. However, plant MADS-box proteins functioning in floral organ abscission and the underlying physiological mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of PsJOINTLESS isolated from 'Kuerlexiangli'.