I/σI {Rmerg, Rmeas, Rpim, CC1/2} for Crystal Diffraction Data Quality Evaluation.

X-ray crystal diffraction has provided atomic-level structural information on biological macromolecules. Data quality determines the reliability of structural models. In most cases, multiple data sets are available from different crystals and/or collected with different experimental settings.

Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharide -Acetyltransferases.

Plant cell walls are largely composed of polysaccharide polymers, including cellulose, hemicelluloses (xyloglucan, xylan, mannan, and mixed-linkage β-1,3/1,4-glucan), and pectins. Among these cell wall polysaccharides, xyloglucan, xylan, mannan, and pectins are often -acetylated, and polysaccharide -acetylation plays important roles in cell wall assembly and disease resistance. Genetic and biochemical analyses have implicated the involvement of three groups of proteins in plant cell wall polysaccharide -acetylation: trichome birefringence-like (TBL)/domain of unknown function 231 (DUF231), reduced wall acetylation (RWA), and altered xyloglucan 9 (AXY9).

Identification of glycosyltransferases mediating 2-O-arabinopyranosyl and 2-O-galactosyl substitutions of glucuronosyl side chains of xylan.

Xylan is one of the major hemicelluloses in plant cell walls and its xylosyl backbone is often decorated at O-2 with glucuronic acid (GlcA) and/or methylglucuronic acid (MeGlcA) residues. The GlcA/MeGlcA side chains may be further substituted with 2-O-arabinopyranose (Arap) or 2-O-galactopyranose (Gal) residues in some plant species, but the enzymes responsible for these substitutions remain unknown. During our endeavor to investigate the enzymatic activities of Arabidopsis MUR3-clade members of the GT47 glycosyltransferase family, we found that one of them was able to transfer Arap from UDP-Arap onto O-2 of GlcA side chains of xylan, and thus it was named xylan 2-O-arabinopyranosyltransferase 1 (AtXAPT1).

A rice GT61 glycosyltransferase possesses dual activities mediating 2-O-xylosyl and 2-O-arabinosyl substitutions of xylan.

A member of the rice GT61 clade B is capable of transferring both 2-O-xylosyl and 2-O-arabinosyl residues onto xylan and another member specifically catalyses addition of 2-O-xylosyl residue onto xylan. Grass xylan is substituted predominantly with 3-O-arabinofuranose (Araf) as well as with some minor side chains, such as 2-O-Araf and 2-O-(methyl)glucuronic acid [(Me)GlcA]. 3-O-Arabinosylation of grass xylan has been shown to be catalysed by grass-expanded clade A members of the glycosyltransferase family 61.

Safety and efficacy of pyrotinib for HER‑2‑positive breast cancer in the neoadjuvant setting: A systematic review and meta‑analysis.

As a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), pyrotinib can irreversibly block dual pan-ErbB receptors and has been used in the treatment of advanced or metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer. However, there are limited data on the use of pyrotinib in early breast cancer. Therefore, the present meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of pyrotinib in the neoadjuvant setting for patients with early-stage or locally advanced HER2-positive breast cancer.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with advanced anaplastic thyroid cancer: an effective analysis based on real-world retrospective studies.

Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) contribute to the treatment of patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC). Although prospective clinical studies of TKIs exhibit limited efficacy, whether ATC patients benefit from TKI treatment in real-world clinical practice may enlighten future explorations. Therefore, we conducted this effective analysis based on real-world retrospective studies to illustrate the efficacy of TKI treatment in ATC patients.

Lenvatinib Versus Atezolizumab Plus Bevacizumab in the First-Line Treatment for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Meta-Analysis of Real-World Studies.

Background: Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, whether adding immunotherapy to antiangiogenic therapy benefits patients with unresectable HCC (uHCC) more in the first-line setting remains controversial.

Objective: In this analysis, we compared the clinical outcomes of lenvatinib monotherapy with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab combination therapy in advanced uHCC in real-world clinical practice.

Novel-fosfamide monotherapy or in combination with doxorubicin versus doxorubicin alone in patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma: A pooled analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Novel-fosfamides (NFOs) belong to active metabolites of ifosfamide that bypass the generation of toxic byproducts. In this analysis, we aimed to comprehensively assess the benefits and risks of NFO monotherapy or in combination with doxorubicin (DOX) versus single-drug DOX in previously untreated patients with advanced soft-tissue sarcoma (ASTS).

Methods: Online PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases were systematically searched on April 26, 2022.

An integrated analysis of Sacituzumab govitecan in relapsed or refractory metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is an antibody-drug conjugate that targets the human trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 to deliver SN-38 to cancer cells. In this study, we assessed the efficacy and safety of SG in patients with relapsed or refractory metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (RM-TNBC).

Methods: For this integrated analysis, from inception to January 2, 2023, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane library databases for prospective studies that evaluated SC in RM-TNBC patients.

Treating radiation‑related nasopharyngeal necrosis with endostar in patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A report of two cases and a literature review.

Radiation-related nasopharyngeal necrosis (RRNN) is a rare and often fatal complication in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Currently, no standard treatments are recommended for RRNN. The effects of traditional conservative treatments are suboptimal, and surgery for RRNN cannot be performed by inexperienced doctors.

The efficacy of adebrelimab compared with durvalumab and atezolizumab in untreated extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: a survival analysis of reconstructed patient-level data.

Background: Adebrelimab showed excellent efficacy in the first-line treatment for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). However, whether adebrelimab is superior to durvalumab and atezolizumab remains unclear. Therefore, we, in this study, aimed to compare the survival data of adebrelimab (CAPSTONE-1 trial) with durvalumab (CASPIAN trial) and atezolizumab (IMpower133 trial) in the first-line setting of ES-SCLC patients.

Immunotherapy and tumor mutational burden in cancer patients with liver metastases: A meta and real word cohort analysis.

Background: The predictive effects of liver metastases for immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and the relationship between tumor mutational burden (TMB) and liver metastases (LM) remain unclear.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to explore the heterogeneity of ICIs efficacy between patients with or without LM. A pan-cancer cohort of 1,661 patients who received ICIs was downloaded and analyzed to assess the association between TMB and LM.

Poziotinib in non-small-cell lung cancer patients with HER2 exon 20 mutations: A pooled analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) exon 20 mutant occurs in 3% of NSCLCs. Targeted agents for this population remain an unmet need. In this analysis, we pooled-analyzed the efficacy and safety of poziotinib, a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in HER2 exon 20 mutant NSCLC.

Immunotherapy Alone or in Combination with Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy in Advanced Lung Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background: Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of advanced lung cancer. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether adding stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) to immunotherapy (IT) further improves responses and survival outcomes. Therefore, in this pooled analysis, we comprehensively compared IT plus SBRT with IT alone in patients with advanced lung cancer.

The efficacy and tolerability of combining pemetrexed-based chemotherapy with gefitinib in the first-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancer with mutated EGFR: A pooled analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) monotherapy is the standard of care in treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nevertheless, whether adding pemetrexed-based chemotherapy to EGFR-TKI targeted therapy furtherly prolongs survival outcomes and improves responses remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted this pooled analysis to compare the efficacy and tolerability between gefitinib plus pemetrexed-based chemotherapy and gefitinib alone in the first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC patients with mutated EGFR.

Induction chemotherapy in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Adding induction chemotherapy to concurrent platinum-based chemoradiotherapy has significantly prolonged the survival time of patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. In this study, we intend to evaluate the survival outcomes, responses, and incidences of toxicities of induction chemotherapy and the differences between different strategies.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL on August 10, 2021.

Irinotecan plus temozolomide in relapsed Ewing sarcoma: an integrated analysis of retrospective studies.

Background: The prognosis of patients with relapsed Ewing sarcoma is poor. In this study, we aimed to pooled-analyze the efficacy and safety of the combination of irinotecan and temozolomide in treating patients with relapsed Ewing sarcoma.

Methods: PubMed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and EMBASE were systematically searched on September 27, 2021.

Doxorubicin/Adriamycin Monotherapy or Plus Ifosfamide in First-Line Treatment for Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcoma: A Pooled Analysis of Randomized Trials.

Background: Doxorubicin/Adriamycin (ADM) alone or combined with ifosfamide (IFO) (AI) is available for previously untreated advanced soft tissue sarcoma (ASTS). However, the clinical choice between them remains controversial. In this pooled analysis, we comprehensively compared the efficacy and tolerability of AI versus ADM in patients with ASTS.