Direct synthesis of branched amines enabled by dual-catalyzed allylic C─H amination of alkenes with amines.

Direct conversion of hydrocarbons into amines represents an important and atom-economic goal in chemistry for decades. However, intermolecular cross-coupling of terminal alkenes with amines to form branched amines remains extremely challenging. Here, a visible-light and Co-dual catalyzed direct allylic C─H amination of alkenes with free amines to afford branched amines has been developed.

Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy: Report of two cases.

Background: Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy is a rare autoimmune myopathy characterized by muscle weakness and elevated serum creatine kinase, with unique skeletal muscle pathology and magnetic resonance imaging features.

Case Summary: In this paper, two patients are reported: One was positive for anti-signal recognition particle antibody, and the other was positive for anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase antibody.

Conclusion: The clinical characteristics and treatment of the two patients were analysed, and the literature was reviewed to improve the recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of this disease.

Ligand-enabled Ni-catalysed enantioconvergent intermolecular Alkyl-Alkyl cross-coupling between distinct Alkyl halides.

α-Tertiary aliphatic amides are key elements in organic molecules, which are abundantly present in natural products, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and functional organic materials. Enantioconvergent alkyl-alkyl bond-forming process is one of the most straightforward and efficient, yet highly challenging ways to build such stereogenic carbon centers. Herein, we report an enantioselective alkyl-alkyl cross-coupling between two different alkyl electrophiles to access α-tertiary aliphatic amides.

Organophotocatalytic Regioselective C-H Alkylation of Electron-Rich Arenes Using Activated and Unactivated Alkenes.

Direct alkylation of the C-H bond arenes in a selective manner is a long-standing challenge. Herein, a metal-free photocatalytic regioselective C-H alkylation method for electron-rich arenes with both activated and unactivated alkenes was developed. The reaction tolerates a wide range of aromatic rings with diverse substitution patterns, as well as terminal and internal alkenes, providing a general and straightforward metal-free method for C-C bond formation from inert C-H bonds.

Enantioselective access to chiral aliphatic amines and alcohols via Ni-catalyzed hydroalkylations.

Chiral aliphatic amine and alcohol derivatives are ubiquitous in pharmaceuticals, pesticides, natural products and fine chemicals, yet difficult to access due to the challenge to differentiate between the spatially and electronically similar alkyl groups. Herein, we report a nickel-catalyzed enantioselective hydroalkylation of acyl enamines and enol esters with alkyl halides to afford enantioenriched α-branched aliphatic acyl amines and esters in good yields with excellent levels of enantioselectivity. The operationally simple protocol provides a straightforward access to chiral secondary alkyl-substituted amine and secondary alkyl-substituted alcohol derivatives from simple starting materials with great functional group tolerance.

Direct Access to Primary Amines from Alkenes by Selective Metal-Free Hydroamination.

Direct and selective synthesis of primary amines from easily available precursors is attractive yet challenging. Herein, we report the rapid synthesis of primary amines from alkenes via metal-free regioselective hydroamination at room temperature. Ammonium carbonate was used as ammonia surrogate for the first time, allowing for efficient conversion of terminal and internal alkenes into linear, α-branched, and α-tertiary primary amines under mild conditions.