Mutation Enhances Salt Tolerance by Suppressing ROS Accumulation, Maintaining Na/K Homeostasis, and Promoting ABA Biosynthesis.

World-wide, rice ( L.) is an important food source, and its production is often adversely affected by salinity. Therefore, to ensure stable rice yields for global food security, it is necessary to understand the salt tolerance mechanism of rice.

E2Fs co-participate in cadmium stress response through activation of MSHs during the cell cycle.

Cadmium is one of the most common heavy metal contaminants found in agricultural fields. MutSα, MutSβ, and MutSγ are three different MutS-associated protein heterodimer complexes consisting of MSH2/MSH6, MSH2/MSH3, and MSH2/MSH7, respectively. These complexes have different mismatch recognition properties and abilities to support MMR.

Cold stress tolerance in rice: physiological changes, molecular mechanism, and future prospects.

Low temperature is a major factor affecting rice geographical distribution growth, development, and productivity. Cold stress mediates a series of physiological and metabolite changes, such as alterations in chlorophyll fluorescence, electrolyte leakage, reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MAD), sucrose, lipid peroxides, proline, and other metabolites, plant endogenous hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA) also changes. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress on physiological and metabolic changes under low temperature, cold stress related loci and QTL reported by map-based cloning and genome-wide association analysis (GWAS), and some molecular mechanisms in response to low temperature in rice.

Characteristic and inheritance analysis of targeted mutagenesis mediated by genome editing in rice.

The transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALEN) and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) systems are two current genome editing technologies. Here, we compare and analyze the characteristics of the targeted mutations mediated by these two systems, such as efficiency, type, position, time, and genetic patterns. Both the TALEN and CRISPR/Cas9 systems can induce site-specific mutations in T0 rice plants effectively, but CRISPR/Cas9 is more effective.

Fine mapping of qPAA8, a gene controlling panicle apical development in rice.

In rice, one detrimental factor influencing single panicle yield is the frequent occurrence of panicle apical abortion (PAA) under unfavorable climatic conditions. Until now, no detailed genetic information has been available to avoid PAA in rice breeding. Here, we show that the occurrence of PAA is associated with the accumulation of excess hydrogen peroxide.