Differential Protein Expression between the Motor and Sensory Fascicles in Rat Femoral Nerve Injury.

Background And Aims: It is important to distinguish between motor and sensory fascicles of the peripheral nerves for nerve alignment in surgery. However, there are no biomarkers currently available for effective identification of motor or sensory fascicles. The objective of this study was to identify differentially expressed proteins between motor and sensory fascicles of rats in response to injury.

The combined effect of fire and nitrogen addition on biodiversity and herbaceous aboveground productivity in a coastal shrubland.

Introduction: Fire and nitrogen (N) deposition each impact biodiversity and ecosystem productivity. However, the effect of N deposition on ecosystem recovery after fire is still far from understood, especially in coastal wetlands.

Methods: We selected a typical coastal shrubland to simulate three N deposition levels (0, 10, and 20 g N m year) under two different burned conditions (unburned and burned) in the Yellow River Delta of North China.

S100A1 expression is increased in spinal cord injury and promotes inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by LPS via ERK signaling.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe neurological disorder and the molecular mechanisms leading to its poor prognosis remain to be elucidated. S100A1, a mediator of Ca2+ handling of sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondrial function, operates as an endogenous danger signal (alarmin) associated with inflammatory response and tissue injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and biological effects of S100A1 in SCI.

Ibuprofen on Proliferation and Apoptosis of Sarcoma Cells via PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway.

Nowadays, there is a serious lack of information about the value-added apoptosis of sarcoma cells in China. Especially in clinical medicine, exploring the effect of ibuprofen on the growth and apoptosis of fibrosarcoma cells under the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway can not only effectively prevent us in advance, but also be a great way to break through this field. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ibuprofen on the proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis of fibrosarcoma cells through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Bevacizumab attenuates osteosarcoma angiogenesis by suppressing MIAT encapsulated by serum-derived extracellular vesicles and facilitating miR-613-mediated GPR158 inhibition.

Targeting angiogenesis has been considered a promising treatment for a large number of malignancies, including osteosarcoma. Bevacizumab (Bev) is an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor being used for this purpose. We herein investigate the therapeutic potential of Bev in angiogenesis during osteosarcoma and the related mechanisms.

Peiminine Induces G0/G1-Phase Arrest, Apoptosis, and Autophagy the ROS/JNK Signaling Pathway in Human Osteosarcoma Cells and .

Peiminine has been reported to have various pharmacological properties, including anticancer activity. In this study, we investigated the effect of this alkaloid on osteosarcoma and explored the underlying mechanisms. To evaluate the antiosteosarcoma effects of peiminine , cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 and live/dead assays; the effects of the drug on apoptosis and the cell cycle were examined by flow cytometry; the effects on cell migration and invasion were detected by wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively, while its effects on autophagy were observed by transmission electron microscopy and an LC3 fluorescent puncta formation assay.

Resveratrol benefits the lineage commitment of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts via miR-320c by targeting Runx2.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are a potential source of osteoblasts and have been widely used in clinical therapies due to their pluripotency. Recent publications have found that resveratrol (RSVL) played a crucial role in the proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs; however, the underlying molecular mechanism of RSVL-induced BMSCs osteogenic differentiation needs to be fully elucidated. The objective of this study was to explore functions of miRNAs in the RSVL-treated BMSCs and its effects on the differentiation potentials of BMSCs.

MiR-206 regulates the progression of osteoporosis via targeting HDAC4.

Background: More and more studies have confirmed that miRNAs play an important role in maintaining bone remodeling and bone metabolism. This study investigated the expression level of miR-206 in the serum of osteoporosis (OP) patients and explored the effect and mechanism of miR-206 on the occurrence and development of osteoporosis.

Methods: 120 postmenopausal women were recruited, including 63 cases with OP and 57 women without OP.

LncRNA SOX2OT Knockdown Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Damage of PC12 Cells by Regulating miR-331-3p/Neurod1 Axis.

Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve as crucial regulators in the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the role of lncRNA SOX2 overlapping transcript (SOX2OT) in SCI remains to be well revealed.

Methods: An SCI rat model was established and assessed by the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) method.

MicroRNA-208a-3p promotes osteosarcoma progression via targeting PTEN.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a malignant bone tumor with a poor prognosis. Accumulated evidence has suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) may function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors, which are associated with tumorigenesis and the progression of different types of cancer. In the present study, the role of miR-208a-3p in OS was investigated.

Antibacterial Effect of the Controlled Nanoscale Precipitates Obtained by Different Heat Treatment Schemes with a Ti-Based Nanomaterial, Ti-7.5Mo-5Cu Alloy.

It is well known that copper is an excellent option for a Ti-based alloy component as a β-stabilizer that provides improved biocompatibility and antibacterial ability. The development of a Ti-based nanomaterial containing Cu is a promising strategy for addressing implant-associated infections (OII). However, the antibacterial mechanism of copper-related alloys is still unknown.

miR-149-3p Regulates the Switch between Adipogenic and Osteogenic Differentiation of BMSCs by Targeting FTO.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been suggested to possess the capacity to differentiate into different cell lineages. Maintaining a balanced stem cell differentiation program is crucial to the bone microenvironment and bone development. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have played a critical role in regulating the differentiation of BMSCs into particular lineage.

MicroRNA-92b-5p modulates melatonin-mediated osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by targeting ICAM-1.

Osteoporosis is closely associated with the dysfunction of bone metabolism, which is caused by the imbalance between new bone formation and bone resorption. Osteogenic differentiation plays a vital role in maintaining the balance of bone microenvironment. The present study investigated whether melatonin participated in the osteogenic commitment of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and further explored its underlying mechanisms.

A Long Noncoding RNA (lncRNA)-Associated Competing Endogenous RNA (ceRNA) Network Identifies Eight lncRNA Biomarkers in Patients with Osteoarthritis of the Knee.

BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a common disease that is associated with chronic pain. This study aimed to identify and investigate the functional role of biomarkers associated with long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in the progression of OA of the knee by lncRNA-associated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) integrated network analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS High-quality microRNA (miRNA)-lncRNA and miRNA-mRNA interactions and lncRNA and mRNA expression profiles for patients with OA of the knee with mild and severe pain were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE99662).

Non‑covalent proteasome inhibitor PI‑1840 induces apoptosis and autophagy in osteosarcoma cells.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the predominant form of primary bone malignancy in children and adolescents. Although the combination of chemotherapy and modified surgical therapy leads to marked improvements in the survival rate, the therapeutic outcomes remain unsatisfactory. Therefore, the identification of novel drugs with higher efficacy and fewer side‑effects is urgently required.

Retraction: Yang, C., et al. miR-126 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor in Osteosarcoma by Targeting Sox2. 2014, , 423-437, doi:10.3390/ijms15010423.

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miR-196 acts as a tumor suppressor in osteosarcoma by targeting HOXA9.

Abnormal expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been found in most cancer types. Therefore, the discovery of miRNAs could help us to understand the mechanism of tumor initiation and development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of miR-196 in osteosarcoma (OS) and to identify its target genes.

Construction and analysis of a ceRNA‑ceRNA network reveals two potential prognostic modules regulated by hsa‑miR‑335‑5p in osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is an aggressive cancer of the skeletal system, which is associated with a poor prognosis due to the high recurrence rate. Although previous studies have revealed that competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) are involved in various biological processes in the physiology and development of osteosarcoma, the roles of ceRNAs in osteosarcoma recurrence remain largely unexplored. The present study constructed a ceRNA‑ceRNA network for osteosarcoma by systematically integrating matched expression profiles for microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) and mRNAs, and identified two ceRNA‑mediated modules that were associated with recurrence in patients with osteosarcoma.

Tetrahydrocurcumin induces mesenchymal-epithelial transition and suppresses angiogenesis by targeting HIF-1α and autophagy in human osteosarcoma.

Human osteosarcoma is considered a malignant tumor with poor prognosis that readily metastasizes. Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) has been reported to have anti-tumor activity in numerous tumors. In addition, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) has been demonstrated to be associated with tumor metastasis by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Deoxyelephantopin Induces Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Apoptosis and Autophagy in Human Osteosarcoma Cells.

Background/aims: Osteosarcoma is the predominant form of primary bone malignancy. Although the combinational application of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection significantly increases the survival rate, the therapeutic outcome remains unsatisfactory. Deoxyelephantopin (DET), an active ingredient of Elephantopus scaber, has been reported to have an anti-tumor effect in recent publications.

Osteoclast regulation of osteoblasts via RANK‑RANKL reverse signal transduction in vitro.

The treatment of osteoporosis typically inhibits the activity of osteoclasts, which subsequently results in the suppression of bone formation and maintenance, however the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. The receptor activator of nuclear factor κ‑B ligand (RANKL)‑receptor activator of nuclear factor κ‑B (RANK) signaling axis is important in the osteoblast regulation of osteoclasts. RANKL surface‑bound molecules expressed on T cells stimulate a reverse signaling transduction in order to regulate the T cells, therefore the present study hypothesized that RANKL expressed on osteoblasts may transfer reverse signals to regulate osteoblasts.

A New Perspective for Osteosarcoma Therapy: Proteasome Inhibition by MLN9708/2238 Successfully Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest and Attenuates the Invasion Ability of Osteosarcoma Cells in Vitro.

Background: The proteasome exists in all eukaryotic cells and provides the main route of intracellular proteins degradation involved in cell growth and apoptosis. Proteasome inhibition could block protein degradation pathways and disturb regulatory networks, possibly leading to profound effects on cell growth, particularly in cancer cells. A proteasome inhibitor with an appropriate toxicity index for malignant cells rather than normal cells would be an attractive anticancer therapy.

A novel mechanism of mTORC1-mediated serine/glycine metabolism in osteosarcoma development.

Osteosarcoma is the major malignant primary bone cancer in children and adolescents, which is highly aggressive with frequent acquisition of chemoresistance phenotypes. Although much progress has been made, mechanisms of osteosarcoma rapid growth and chemoresistance are still not well elucidated. Generally, alternated metabolic characterization has been proposed to be a hallmark of cancer, yet it is lack of a systematic characterization of cancer metabolic networks.

Identification of the sensory and motor fascicles in the peripheral nerve: A historical review and recent progress.

The aim of the study was to critically review the clinical approach to distinguish the sensory and motor nerve fascicles of the peripheral nerve system and to explore potential novel techniques to meet the clinical needs. The principles and shortcomings of the currently used methods for identification of sensory and motor nerve fascicles, including nerve morphology, electrical stimulation, spectroscopy, enzymohistochemistry staining (acetylcholinesterase [AchE], carbonic anhydrase [CA] and choline acetyltransferase [ChAC] histochemistry staining methods), and immunochemical staining were systematically reviewed. The progress in diffusion tensor imaging, proteomic approaches, and quantum dots (QDs) assessment in clinical applications to identify sensory or motor fascicles has been discussed.