[Anti-diabetic active constituents of pomegranate peel-derived extracellular nanovesicles].

Pomegranate peel-derived extracellular nanovesicles(PPENs) were isolated and purified by ultra-high speed centrifugation and sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Their morphology and structure were characterized. In vitro α-glucosidase inhibition assay and model test of insulin resistance(IR) in HepG2 cells showed that PPENs had good anti-diabetic activity.

Robotic-assisted low anterior resection for rectal cancer shows similar clinical efficacy to laparoscopic surgery: A propensity score matched study.

Background: Rectal cancer ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, necessitating surgical resection as the sole treatment option. Over the years, there has been a growing adoption of minimally invasive surgical techniques such as robotic and laparoscopic approaches. Robotic surgery represents an innovative modality that effectively addresses the limitations associated with traditional laparoscopic techniques.

Mendelian randomization evidence for the causal effect of mental well-being on healthy aging.

Mental well-being relates to multitudinous lifestyle behaviours and morbidities and underpins healthy aging. Thus far, causal evidence on whether and in what pattern mental well-being impacts healthy aging and the underlying mediating pathways is unknown. Applying genetic instruments of the well-being spectrum and its four dimensions including life satisfaction, positive affect, neuroticism and depressive symptoms (n = 80,852 to 2,370,390), we performed two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses to estimate the causal effect of mental well-being on the genetically independent phenotype of aging (aging-GIP), a robust and representative aging phenotype, and its components including resilience, self-rated health, healthspan, parental lifespan and longevity (n = 36,745 to 1,012,240).

The effects of a multimedia intervention on help-seeking process with a Chinese college student sample.

Little is known about encouraging help-seeking in non-English speaking settings and relatively little research has been directed to facilitate help-seeking among Chinese-speaking people. This study examined the effects of a multimedia intervention on barriers, attitudes, and intentions for seeking counseling in China. The multimedia intervention was informed by prior empirical research on models of help-seeking for counseling.

Mendelian randomization evidence for the causal effects of socio-economic inequality on human longevity among Europeans.

Human longevity correlates with socio-economic status, and there is evidence that educational attainment increases human lifespan. However, to inform meaningful health policies, we need fine-grained causal evidence on which dimensions of socio-economic status affect longevity and the mediating roles of modifiable factors such as lifestyle and disease. Here we performed two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses applying genetic instruments of education, income and occupation (n = 248,847 to 1,131,881) to estimate their causal effects and consequences on parental lifespan and self-longevity (n = 28,967 to 1,012,240) from the largest available genome-wide association studies in populations of European ancestry.

Exploring phylogenetic relationships within the subgenera of Bambusa based on DNA barcodes and morphological characteristics.

The genus Bambusa belongs to the subtribe Bambusinae and the subfamily Bambusoideae. The subgenera of Bambusa has not been satisfactorily circumscribed, and this remains a major taxonomic issue. Simultaneously, genera such as Dendrocalamus and Gigantochloa have not been confidently assigned to Bambusa.

Association between the Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio and New-onset Subclinical Macrovascular and Microvascular Diseases in the Chinese Population.

Objective: The association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with subclinical macrovascular and microvascular diseases has been less investigated. We sought to examine the association between NLR and new-onset subclinical macrovascular and microvascular abnormalities in the Chinese population.

Methods: From a community cohort, we included 6,430 adults aged ≥ 40 years without subclinical macrovascular and microvascular diseases at baseline.

Association of Visit-to-Visit Variabilities in Metabolic Factors with Chronic Kidney Disease in Chinese Adults Living in Shanghai.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the association of visit-to-visit variabilities in metabolic factors with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Shanghai community residents.

Methods: We used data from a cohort study of community residents who participated in three examinations in 2008, 2009, and 2013, respectively. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level, blood pressure (BP), and lipid levels were determined in 2,109 participants at all three visits, and CKD was evaluated between the second and the third visits.

[Effects of Water Supply Quality and Social Activity on the Microbial Community in Baiyangdian Wetland].

To clarify the impact of water quality and social activity in the Baiyangdian wetland on the biological community, the change characteristics of bacterial, fungal, and archaeal communities in different areas of the Dian District were studied. Samples were collected at the entrance of Fuhe District (NBB), tourist areas with frequent human social activities (NBD), residential breeding areas (NBX), and village sparse areas (NBN). The physical and chemical characteristics and biological communities of the samples were evaluated.

Inverted U-Shaped Associations between Glycemic Indices and Serum Uric Acid Levels in the General Chinese Population: Findings from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study.

Objective: The relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and glycemic indices, including plasma glucose (FPG), 2-hour postload glucose (2h-PG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), remains inconclusive. We aimed to explore the associations between glycemic indices and SUA levels in the general Chinese population.

Methods: The current study was a cross-sectional analysis using the first follow-up survey data from The China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort Study.

Peripheral Artery Disease and Risk of Fibrosis Deterioration in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Prospective Investigation.

Objective: Liver fibrosis is an important predictor of mortality in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Peripheral artery disease (PAD) and liver fibrosis share many common metabolic dysfunctions. We aimed to explore the association between PAD and risk of fibrosis deterioration in NAFLD patients.

High Serum Levels of Cholesterol Increase Antitumor Functions of Nature Killer Cells and Reduce Growth of Liver Tumors in Mice.

Background And Aims: The relationship between serum cholesterol level and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. We investigated the effects of serum cholesterol level on development of liver tumors in mice.

Methods: We performed studies with C57BL/6J mice, mice with disruption of the low-density lipoprotein receptor gene (Ldlrmice), and mice with conditional deletion of nature killer (NK) cells (NK mice).

Ideal Cardiovascular Health is Inversely Associated with Subclinical Atherosclerosis: A Prospective Analysis.

Objective: Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) could predict a lower risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. This study was conducted to investigate the association between ideal CVH and subclinical atherosclerosis in a population cohort of Chinese adults aged ⪖ 40 years.

Methods: This study was designed as a cross-sectional analysis of 8,395 participants who had complete data at baseline and a prospective analysis of 4,879 participants who had complete data at 4.

Isoelectric focusing array with immobilized pH gradient and dynamic scanning imaging for diabetes diagnosis.

A traditional immobilized pH gradient (IPG) has a high stability for isoelectric focusing (IEF) but suffers from time-consuming rehydration, focusing and staining-imaging as well as complex performance. To address these issues, an IEF system with an array of 24 IPG columns (10 mm × 600 μm × 50 μm) and dynamic scanning imaging (DSI) was firstly designed for protein focusing. Moreover, two IPG columns (pH 4-9 and pH 6.

Association between Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Composition and Cardiovascular Disease Risk.

Objective: The objective of this study is to determine whether coronary atherosclerotic plaque composition is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in Chinese adults.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis in 549 subjects without previous diagnosis or clinical symptoms of CVD in a community cohort of middle-aged Chinese adults. The participants underwent coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography for the evaluation of the presence and composition of coronary plaques.

Phyllostachys edulis forest reduces atmospheric PM and PAHs on hazy days at suburban area.

This study is aim to illustrate Phyllostachys edulis' role in affecting air quality under hazy day and solar day. P. edulis is a crucial plants growing well at suburban area at China Southern.

Serum Uric Acid is Associated with the Predicted Risk of Prevalent Cardiovascular Disease in a Community-dwelling Population without Diabetes.

Objective: To examine the association between serum uric acid levels and cardiovascular disease risk among individuals without diabetes.

Methods: We investigated the association between serum uric acid levels and the risk of prevalent cardiometabolic diseases, 10-year Framingham risk for coronary heart disease, and 10-year risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) among 8,252 participants aged ⪖ 40 years without diabetes from Jiading district, Shanghai, China.

Results: Body mass index, waist circumference, blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, blood pressure, and serum lipids increased progressively across the sex-specific quartiles of uric acid (all P trend < 0.

Alleviation of drought stress in Phyllostachys edulis by N and P application.

The aim of this study was to explore whether nutrition supply can improve the drought tolerance of Moso bamboo under dry conditions. One-year-old seedlings were exposed to two soil water content levels [wellwatered, 70 ± 5% soil-relative-water-content (SRWC) and drought stress, 30 ± 5% SRWC] and four combinations of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) supply (low-N, low-P, LNLP; low-N, high-P, LNHP; high-N, high-P, HNHP; and high-N, low-P, HNLP) for four months. Plant growth, photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, water use efficiency and cell membrane stability were determined.