Thermostable vacuum foam dried Newcastle disease vaccine: Process optimization and pilot-scale study.

Vacuum foam drying (VFD) has been shown to improve the thermostability and long-term shelf life of Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV). This study optimized the VFD process to improve the shelf life of NDV at laboratory-scale and then tested the optimized conditions at pilot-scale. The optimal NDV to T5 formulation ratio was determined to be 1:1 or 3:2.

Vacuum Foam Drying Method Improved the Thermal Stability and Long-Term Shelf Life of a Live Attenuated Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine.

Vaccines used for managing Newcastle disease virus (NDV) rely heavily on cold chain, and this results in major constraints in their successful application, shipping, and storage. This study was undertaken to improve the thermotolerance properties of live attenuated NDV vaccines using vacuum foam drying (VFD) technology. The live attenuated NDV vaccine formulated in 15% trehalose, 2.

Live vaccine preserved at room temperature: Preparation and characterization of a freeze-dried classical swine fever virus vaccine.

The heat-stable live-attenuated classical swine fever virus (CSFV) vaccine is an urgent need in many countries of Asia, Europe and Latin America. In this study, the thermostability of lyophilized live-attenuated CSFV vaccine formulations were investigated using accelerated stability at 37 °C for 10 days. The freeze-dried heat-stable formulation ST16, containing excipient combinations of trehalose, glycine, thiourea and phosphate buffer shows the superior thermostability.

Intravesical hyaluronidase causes chronic cystitis in a rat model: a potential model of bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis.

Objectives: To determine whether a potential rat model of bladder pain syndrome could be developed through long-term intermittent intravesical hyaluronidase.

Methods: A total of 64 female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into a control group, a low-dose hyaluronidase (1 mg/mL) group, a high-dose hyaluronidase (4 mg/mL) group and a hyaluronic acid-treated group. Hyaluronidase was given intravesically three times a week for 1 month.

Expression and functional role of Cdx2 in intestinal metaplasia of cystitis glandularis.

Purpose: Cdx2 is an essential transcription factor in intestinal epithelial cell differentiation and proliferation. However, to our knowledge the expression and role of Cdx2 in the development of intestinal cystitis glandularis, a metaplastic lesion induced by chronic inflammation, remained to be explored.

Materials And Methods: Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to examine Cdx2, LI-cadherin and villin expression in typical and intestinal cystitis glandularis, and normal bladder tissue.

Interleukin-6 levels in female rats with protamine sulfate-induced chronic cystitis treated with hyaluronic acid.

Objectives: To measure interleukin-6 levels in a protamine sulfate-induced chronic cystitis rat model treated with hyaluronic acid, and to study the correlation among interleukin-6, bladder inflammatory degree and voiding frequency.

Methods: A chronic cystitis model was created in female rats by using long-term intermittent intravesical protamine sulfate (0.5 mL, 30 mg/mL).