RNA Helicase DDX5 in Association With IFI16 and the Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 Silences Transcription of the Hepatitis B Virus by Interferon.

RNA helicase DDX5 is a host restriction factor for hepatitis B virus (HBV) biosynthesis. Mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identified significant DDX5-interacting partners, including interferon-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) and RBBP4/7, an auxiliary subunit of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). DDX5 co-eluted with IFI16, RBBP4/7, and core PRC2 subunits in size exclusion chromatography fractions derived from native nuclear extracts.

Palatal root endodontic microsurgery in maxillary molars using the palatal approach: a case study.

Background: In clinical practice, the buccal approach is typically the primary choice for endodontic microsurgery. Owing to the thickness of the buccal bone plate, the distance between the buccal bone plate and palatal lesion location, and soft tissue traction, the palatal approach may be more suitable for microsurgery for apical periodontitis of the palatal roots of the maxillary molars. However, the length of the palatal root, location of the greater palatine artery (GPA) and foramen (GPF), and surgical field of observation make palatal surgery challenging.

Phosphorylation of Piezo1 at a single residue, serine-1612, regulates its mechanosensitivity and in vivo mechanotransduction function.

Piezo1 is a mechanically activated cation channel that converts mechanical force into diverse physiological processes. Owing to its large protein size of more than 2,500 amino acids and complex 38-transmembrane helix topology, how Piezo1 is post-translationally modified for regulating its in vivo mechanotransduction functions remains largely unexplored. Here, we show that PKA activation potentiates the mechanosensitivity and slows the inactivation kinetics of mouse Piezo1 and identify the major phosphorylation site, serine-1612 (S1612), that also responds to PKC activation and shear stress.

PPCRKB: a risk factor knowledge base of postoperative pulmonary complications.

Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) are highly heterogeneous disorders with diverse risk factors frequently occurring after surgical interventions, resulting in significant financial burdens, prolonged hospitalization and elevated mortality rates. Despite the existence of multiple studies on PPCs, a comprehensive knowledge base that can effectively integrate and visualize the diverse risk factors associated with PPCs is currently lacking. This study aims to develop an online knowledge platform on risk factors for PPCs (Postoperative Pulmonary Complications Risk Factor Knowledge Base, PPCRKB) that categorizes and presents the risk and protective factors associated with PPCs, as well as to facilitate the development of individualized prevention and management strategies for PPCs based on the needs of each investigator.

Characteristics of tandem repeat inheritance and sympathetic nerve involvement in GAA-FGF14 ataxia.

Background: Intronic GAA repeat expansion ([GAA] ≥250) in FGF14 is associated with the late-onset neurodegenerative disorder, spinocerebellar ataxia 27B (SCA27B, GAA-FGF14 ataxia). We aim to determine the prevalence of the GAA repeat expansion in FGF14 in Chinese populations presenting late-onset cerebellar ataxia (LOCA) and evaluate the characteristics of tandem repeat inheritance, radiological features and sympathetic nerve involvement.

Methods: GAA-FGF14 repeat expansion was screened in an undiagnosed LOCA cohort (n = 664) and variations in repeat-length were analyzed in families of confirmed GAA-FGF14 ataxia patients.

Discovery of N-X anomeric amides as electrophilic halogenation reagents.

Electrophilic halogenation is a widely used tool employed by medicinal chemists to either pre-functionalize molecules for further diversity or incorporate a halogen atom into drugs or drug-like compounds to solve metabolic problems or modulate off-target effects. Current methods to increase the power of halogenation rely on either the invention of new reagents or activating commercially available reagents with various additives such as Lewis or Brønsted acids, Lewis bases and hydrogen-bonding activators. There is a high demand for new reagents that can halogenate otherwise unreactive compounds under mild conditions.

Improvement of roughness in ultrasonic assisted magnetorheological finishing of small titanium alloy nuts by orthogonal test method.

Titanium alloy with high corrosion resistance, high strength-to-density ratio, and excellent biocompatibility has a wide range of applications in the field of biomedical implants. Polishing experiments of titanium alloy with a small size and complex shapes were investigated using an ultrasonic assisted magnetorheological finishing (UMRF) device excited by a three-pole magnetic field generator. The models of the normal force and the shear force were first proposed based on the Preston equation to analyze the mechanism of material removal in the UMRF process.

Carbon quaternization of redox active esters and olefins by decarboxylative coupling.

The synthesis of quaternary carbons often requires numerous steps and complex conditions or harsh reagents that act on heavily engineered substrates. This is largely a consequence of conventional polar-bond retrosynthetic disconnections that in turn require multiple functional group interconversions, redox manipulations, and protecting group chemistry. Here, we report a simple catalyst and reductant combination that converts two types of feedstock chemicals, carboxylic acids and olefins, into tetrasubstituted carbons through quaternization of radical intermediates.

Magnetic circuit design for the performance experiment of shear yield stress enhanced by compression of magnetorheological fluids.

The shear yield stress is an important parameter for the industrial application of magnetorheological (MR) fluids. A test equipment was designed and built to perform investigations on the behaviours of compression and shear after squeeze of MR fluids. Mathematical expression of magnetic flux density was further established.

From multi-omics approaches to personalized medicine in myocardial infarction.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a prevalent cardiovascular disease characterized by myocardial necrosis resulting from coronary artery ischemia and hypoxia, which can lead to severe complications such as arrhythmia, cardiac rupture, heart failure, and sudden death. Despite being a research hotspot, the etiological mechanism of MI remains unclear. The emergence and widespread use of omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and other omics, have provided new opportunities for exploring the molecular mechanism of MI and identifying a large number of disease biomarkers.

Transcriptome analysis reveals the mechanism of the effect of perfluorocaproic acid exposure on brain injury in Carassius auratus.

Perfluorocaproic acid (PFHxA) has received much attention as an emerging pollutant linked to neurological problems in humans and fish. However, the potential mechanism remains unknown. In this study, the pathological damage to tissue sections demonstrated that perfluorocaproic acid caused brain tissue damage, and the increased antioxidant index malondialdehyde (MDA) and decrease in superoxide Dismutase (SOD), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), Catalase (CAT), and Lysozyme (LZM) that perfluorocaproic acid activated antioxidant stress and caused brain damage.

Deep learning-driven adaptive optics for single-molecule localization microscopy.

The inhomogeneous refractive indices of biological tissues blur and distort single-molecule emission patterns generating image artifacts and decreasing the achievable resolution of single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM). Conventional sensorless adaptive optics methods rely on iterative mirror changes and image-quality metrics. However, these metrics result in inconsistent metric responses and thus fundamentally limit their efficacy for aberration correction in tissues.

Myocardial infarction unveiled: Key miRNA players screened by a novel lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network model.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major contributor to global mortality, and microRNAs (miRNAs) are important in its pathogenesis. Identifying blood miRNAs with clinical application potential for the early detection and treatment of MI is crucial.

Methods: We obtained MI-related miRNA and miRNA microarray datasets from MI Knowledge Base (MIKB) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), respectively.

Squeeze Behaviors of Magnetorheological Fluids under Different Compressive Speeds.

The compression tests under the unidirection for magnetorheological (MR) fluids have been studied at different compressive speeds. The results indicated that curves of compressive stress under different compression speeds at the applied magnetic field of 0.15 T overlapped well and were shown to be an exponent of about 1 of the initial gap distance in the elastic deformation region and accorded well with the description of continuous media theory.

Enantioselective Total Synthesis of (+)-KB343.

A concise total synthesis of the complex guanidinium toxin KB343 is reported traversing through an unusual sequence of chemoselective transformations and strategic skeletal reorganization. The absolute configuration is confirmed through an enantioselective route, and the structures of all key intermediates and the natural product itself are unassailably confirmed through X-ray crystallographic analysis.

Assessing the causal role of hypertension on left atrial and left ventricular structure and function: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether hypertension may be causally linked to left atrial (LA) and left ventricular (LV) structure and function.

Methods And Results: We performed a two-Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis implementing the results from the FinnGen large-scale, genome-wide association study for hypertension ( = 218,754), and LV ( = 16,923) and LA studies ( = 35,648) by the UK Biobank to identify genetic instruments. The MR analysis was implemented using an inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach.

Statistical Degree Distribution Design for Using Fountain Codes to Control the Peak-To-Average Power Ratio in an OFDM System.

Utilizing fountain codes to control the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is a classic scheme in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) wireless communication systems. However, because the robust soliton distribution (RSD) produces large-degree values, the decoding performance is severely reduced. In this paper, we design statistical degree distribution (SD) under a scenario that utilizes fountain codes to control the PAPR.

Direct Optical Lithography Enabled Multispectral Colloidal Quantum-Dot Imagers from Ultraviolet to Short-Wave Infrared.

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) silicon sensors play a central role in optoelectronics with widespread applications from small cell phone cameras to large-format imagers for remote sensing. Despite numerous advantages, their sensing ranges are limited within the visible (0.4-0.

Endodontic Microsurgery of Mandibular Second Molars Using the Bony Lid Approach: A Case Series.

Endodontic microsurgery is important for preservation of natural teeth with symptomatic apical periodontitis when conventional endodontic treatment is neither feasible nor effective. The thick buccal cortex, poor visibility, and potential neurovascular complications can make microsurgical procedures of mandibular second molars infeasible. With the aid of cone-beam computed tomography, the bony lid approach was applied in 10 cases of endodontic microsurgery of mandibular second molars at the VIP Center, Hangzhou Stomatology Hospital between 2019 and 2020.

Incidence and risk factor analysis for swelling after apical microsurgery.

Background: Swelling after apical microsurgery is a postoperative reaction and may reduce quality of life during healing.

Aim: To evaluate periapical swelling after apical microsurgery and determine potential risk factors.

Methods: Ninety-eight apical microsurgery patients were selected for this study.