Bowman's membrane lenticule tuck-in: A new approach for the management of neurotrophic ulcers.

Purpose: To evaluate a new surgical method for managing nonhealing neurotrophic ulcers using a novel technique of tucking-in Bowman's membrane lenticule in the ulcer defect.

Methods: A total of 22 eyes of 22 patients with neurotrophic ulcers of various etiologies and stages were included and underwent a surgical process where a donor Bowman's membrane lenticule was harvested and fashioned according to the lesion and tucked inside the ulcer after making a recess in anterior one-third of stroma all around 360 degrees. The primary outcomes measured were healing (stable epithelialization at 12 months) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improvement.

Efficacy of 15% lysine cream in treating diabetic foot ulcers: a randomized interventional study.

Background And Objective: Lysine is an essential amino acid involved in several biochemical pathways. It has been shown to enhance blood supply and target growth factors, leading to improved wound healing. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a 15% lysine cream in treating diabetic foot ulcers, as measured by the Bates-Jensen Wound Assessment Tool (BWAT).

Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Garcinia cambogia extracts in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic rat model.

Background And Objectives: Diabetes mellitus, a global health problem, is associated with metabolic complications such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and loss of vision. The present study evaluated the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects of ethanol extract of (L.) N.

Acute and chronic toxicity studies on ethanolic leaf extracts of and in Swiss albino mice.

Background And Objectives: To evaluate the safe dose range of and ethanolic leaf extracts of acute and chronic oral toxicity study in Swiss Albino mice.

Materials And Methods: The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development guideline was used for the toxicity studies. C.

Effect of iron deficiency anaemia over glycated hemoglobin in non-diabetic women.

Background: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a form of hemoglobin bound to glucose and used as an index of glycaemic control reflecting glucose levels of the previous three months. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the commonest form of anemia that affects HbA1c. Reports on the effects of IDA on HbA1c levels are inconsistent in India.

Serum and salivary immunoglobulin G4 levels in children with autism spectrum disorder from south India: a case-control study.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with wide spectrum of symptoms and few effective therapies. Evidence is suggestive of an association between immune system dysfunction and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) among children with ASD. Immunoglobulins (Ig) are found to be increased in the circulation of individuals with autism.

Hyperphosphorylation of HDAC2 promotes drug resistance in a novel dual drug resistant mouse melanoma cell line model: an study.

Drug-resistant melanoma is very difficult to treat, and a novel approach is needed to overcome resistance. The present study aims at identifying the alternate pathways utilized in the dual drug-resistant mouse melanoma cells (B16F10R) for their survival and proliferation. The dual drug-resistant mouse melanoma, B16F10R, was established by treating the cells with a combination of U0126 (MEK1/2 inhibitor) and LY294002 (PI3K-AKT kinase inhibitor) in a dose-escalating manner till they attained a resistance fold factor of ≥2.

Inhibition of bone morphogenetic proteins signaling suppresses metastasis melanoma: a proteomics approach.

Background: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily, known to promote the tumor invasion and metastasis. There are continual progresses in understanding the role of BMP signaling pathways in carcinogenesis. However, the biological significance of BMPs in human melanoma has received very little attention.

Serum Ischemia-Modified Albumin, Fibrinogen, High Sensitivity C- Reactive Proteins in Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus without Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus with Hypertension: A Case-Control Study.

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the levels of serum ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), fibrinogen (FIB) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with hypertension (HT) (DMT2HTN) and without HT (DMT2). Also, their association with certain biochemical and physical factors were studied to identify possible risk factors that lead to cardiovascular complications.

Methods: Fasting blood samples were collected from 35 DMT2 or DMT2HTN patients each to analyze differences in serum and plasma levels of IMA, hs-CRP, FIB, total cholesterol (TC), high and low density lipoproteins (HDL and LDL), triglyceride (TG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), glycated hemoglobin and creatinine.

Diabetogenic effect of gluten in Wistar albino rats: a preliminary preclinical screening.

Background And Aims: Gluten-related disease affects less than 1% population and is not considered of relevance at the public health level. However, the consumption of a gluten-free diet has been most commonly adopted as a special diet worldwide in the recent past. In the present study, we investigated the association of gluten intake and diabetes in Wistar albino rats.

Estimation of Salivary sCD14 in Children with Early Childhood Caries in Association with Pneumonia.

Background: Dental caries is a chronic disease among children and pneumonia is often seen in young children. Soluble CD14 (sCD14) protein is released by monocytes and changes in periodontal infection. The study aimed to estimate the level of salivary sCD14 in children with early childhood caries in association with pneumonia.

Oxidative stress in cervical cancer and its response to chemoradiation.

Objectives: Cervical cancer (CaCx) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death among women worldwide, with the great social and economic burden. Diagnoses in early stages can decrease mortality and morbidity rates. This study was conducted to evaluate the status of serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and copper concentrations among patients with CaCx to determine the level of oxidative stress and effect on which of chemoradiation.

Prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus infection among children hospitalized with acute lower respiratory tract infections in Southern India.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory infections among children.

Aim: To investigate the proportion of RSV and non-RSV respiratory viral infections among hospitalized children ≤ 5 years.

Methods: Hospitalized children aged < 5 years, with a diagnosis of acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI), admitted between August 2011-August 2013, were included.

HDAC2 Inhibitor Valproic Acid Increases Radiation Sensitivity of Drug-Resistant Melanoma Cells.

Resistance to anticancer drugs limits the effectiveness of chemotherapy in cancers. Melanoma cell lines B16F10C and A375C (parental) and B16F10R and A375R (drug-resistant sublines) were used to test radiation sensitization potential of valproic acid (VPA), an inhibitor of Histone deacetylase2 (HDAC2) and LDN193189 (BMP inhibitor). Inhibitors of other signaling pathways were tested for cross-resistance with the resistant cell lines.

Synthesis and evaluation of thiazolidinone-pyrazole conjugates as anticancer and antimicrobial agents.

Aim: To synthesize a series of new thiazolidinone-pyrazole hybrids (5a-o) and assess their anticancer (in vitro and in vivo) and antimicrobial activities.

Results: The compounds 5h (against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells), 5e and 5i (against the human breast cancer [MDA-MB231] cell line) exhibited potent anticancer activity. All the compounds except 5g and 5e found to be less toxic for the human dermal fibroblast cells.

Inhibition of ERK1/2 or AKT Activity Equally Enhances Radiation Sensitization in B16F10 Cells.

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the radiation sensitizing ability of ERK1/2, PI3K-AKT and JNK inhibitors in highly radiation resistant and metastatic B16F10 cells which carry wild-type and .

Methods: Mouse melanoma cell line B16F10 was exposed to 1.0, 2.

serotype prevalence and antibiotic resistance among young children with invasive pneumococcal disease: experience from a tertiary care center in South India.

Introduction: We performed a study to describe the clinical profile, antimicrobial susceptibility and prevalent serotypes of pneumococcal isolates from children with suspected invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) admitted to a tertiary care hospital in South India.

Methods: Hospitalized children, ≤ 5 years with fever (>38 °C); increased respiratory rate or neurological symptoms were recruited, (as part of the Alliance for Surveillance of Invasive Pneumococci - ASIP - project) from January 2011 to March 2013. Identification of pneumococcal isolates from blood or cerebrospinal fluid samples was done by routine culture methods.

Chemotherapy Resistance Mechanisms in Advanced Skin Cancer.

Melanoma is a most dangerous and deadly type of skin cancer, and considered intrinsically resistant to both radiotherapy and chemotherapy. It has become a major public health concern as the incidence of melanoma has been rising steadily over recent decades with a 5-year survival remaining less than 5%. Detection of the disease in early stage may be curable, but late stage metastatic disease that has spread to other organs has an extremely poor prognosis with a median survival of less than 10 months.

Urinary tract infections: a retrospective, descriptive study of causative organisms and antimicrobial pattern of samples received for culture, from a tertiary care setting.

Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are common infections encountered by physicians either on an outpatient or inpatient basis. These infections have taken center stage due to increasing resistance being reported for commonly used antibiotics. Understanding the distribution and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of uropathogens would facilitate appropriate therapy.