Tranexamic Acid as a Preventive Strategy Against Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Aseptic Revision Arthroplasty: A Comprehensive Review.

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a severe complication following joint replacement surgeries, particularly in aseptic revision arthroplasty, where infection rates are higher compared to primary procedures. The extended surgical time, increased blood loss, and the presence of scar tissue contribute to the higher susceptibility to PJI in revision surgeries. Tranexamic acid (TXA), a synthetic antifibrinolytic agent, is widely used in orthopaedic surgery to reduce intraoperative and postoperative bleeding.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Young Athletes: A Comprehensive Review of Lateral Extra-Articular Tenodesis and Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction Techniques.

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are prevalent among young athletes and pose significant challenges due to their impact on immediate and long-term knee function. Traditional ACL reconstruction techniques, while effective, may not always meet the unique needs of this population, particularly given their high physical demands and the risk of future complications. This review evaluates two advanced surgical techniques - lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LEAT) and anterolateral ligament (ALL) reconstruction - as potential enhancements to conventional ACL reconstruction.

Management of Neglected Locked Anterior Shoulder Dislocation in the Elderly Population in an Indian Scenario - A Case Report.

Introduction: There is a paucity of literature regarding a neglected shoulder dislocation, as it is unusual to miss it clinically due to the apparent deformity. Nevertheless, in some cases, particularly those who receive primary treatment from a local bonesetter, they may present with a neglected shoulder dislocation. In the absence of comprehensive studies, health-care professionals have to resort to lower-tier evidence and practical experience to guide their treatment decisions.

ChatGPT's Inconsistency in the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease.

 A recent article by El Haj et al. provided evidence that ChatGPT could be a potential tool that complements the clinical diagnosis of various stages of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) as well as mild cognitive impairment (MCI). To reassess the accuracy and reproducibility of ChatGPT in the diagnosis of AD and MCI, we used the same prompt used by the authors.

Pathways to Upscaling Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells Using Green Solvents: A Study on Device Photophysics in the Transition from Lab-to-Fab.

As the rise of nonfullerene acceptors (NFA) has allowed lab-scale organic solar cells (OSC) to reach 20% efficiency, translating these devices into roll-to-roll compatible fabrication still poses many challenges for researchers. Among these are the use of green solvent solubility for large-scale manufacture, roll-to-roll compatible fabrication, and, not least, information on charge carrier dynamics in each upscaling step, to further understand the gap in performance. In this work, the reproducibility of champion devices using slot-die coating with 14% power conversion efficiency (PCE) is demonstrated, under the condition that the optimal thickness is maintained.

Fe,Ni-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks Embedded in Nanoporous Nitrogen-Doped Graphene as a Highly Efficient Electrocatalyst for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

The quest for economically sustainable electrocatalysts to replace critical materials in anodes for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a key goal in electrochemical conversion technologies, and, in this context, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer great promise as alternative electroactive materials. In this study, a series of nanostructured electrocatalysts was successfully synthesized by growing tailored Ni-Fe-based MOFs on nitrogen-doped graphene, creating composite systems named MIL-NG-n. Their growth was tuned using a molecular modulator, revealing a non-trivial trend of the properties as a function of the modulator quantity.

Utility of Asymmetric Multilevel Pontes Osteotomy in Ankylosing Spondylitis with Scoliosis using Ultrasonic Bone Scalpel: Case Report.

Introduction: Ankylosing spondylitis is a spondyloarthropathy that commonly involves the axial skeleton with predilection to the sacro-iliac joints and spine. The disease frequently results in a smooth globular kyphotic deformity of the spine; however, a coronal plane scoliotic deformity is extremely rare. We present a unique case of scoliotic deformity in a patient diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis.

Bilateral Kohler's Disease: A Case Report.

Kohler's disease is characterized by osteochondritis of the navicular bone due to various factors like the lack of blood supply and late ossification of the bone. In particular, it is a disease of the pediatric age group, which has male preponderance. It may present with bony pain unilaterally or, at times, be asymptomatic and diagnosed accidentally.

An Association of Morphological Characteristics of Palatal Rugae and Dental Malocclusion in an Adult Indian Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction The formation of palatal rugae is completed in the early intrauterine stage, and because of their unique and permanent pattern in each individual, they can be utilized in forensics to identify a person. Objective The primary objective of this study was to determine an association between the rugae pattern and the dental malocclusion system described by Angle. Materials and methods A prospective cross-sectional, observational study was conducted on pretreatment dental casts of 400 subjects in an age range of 18-40 years.

A Rare Case of Urinary Bladder Exstrophy Presenting With Signet Ring Cell Adenocarcinoma in an Adult.

Due to the conspicuous morphology of the deformity and the fact that primary reconstruction is typically performed in infancy, untreated bladder exstrophy in adults is infrequent. An adult presenting with bladder exstrophy is quite uncommon. We present a 32-year-old man with a bladder mass that existed since birth.

Deep learning based correction of low performing pixel in computed tomography.

Low Performing Pixel (LPP)/bad pixel in CT detectors cause ring and streaks artifacts, structured non-uniformities and deterioration of the image quality. These artifacts make the image unusable for diagnostic purposes. A missing/defective detector pixel translates to a channel missing across all views in sinogram domain and its effect gets spill over entire image in reconstruction domain as artifacts.

Efficiency-Enhanced Scalable Organic Photovoltaics Using Roll-to-Roll Nanoimprint Lithography.

Invited for this month's cover is the group of Prof. Morten Madsen, University of Southern Denmark, together with Stensborg A/S and Dr. Shalev's group at the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev.

Impact of surgical intervention on progression to end-stage renal disease in patients with posterior urethral valve.

Background: Posterior urethral valve patients present with varied presentations at any age of life and have significant associated morbidity and require long-term follow-up and care.

Methods: This was a single-center ambispective cohort study carried out over a period of 2 years. Patient data regarding the symptoms, investigations, interventions, secondary complications were recorded and were followed up regularly during the study till either normalization of their creatinine level which was maintained up to one-year post-fulguration (non-CKD) or progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring renal transplant.

Efficiency-Enhanced Scalable Organic Photovoltaics Using Roll-to-Roll Nanoimprint Lithography.

Light-trapping nanostructures have for decades been researched as a route to enhance the performance of organic solar cells (OSCs). Whereas the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of OSCs have reached above 18 %, industrially compatible devices made by scalable processing in air, using only nontoxic solvents and materials, have shown significantly lower performance values. Although light-trapping nanostructures may improve this, the methods for integrating the nanostructures are typically not compatible with industrial scale up.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on non-COVID patient's management in urology: a public hospital experience in Mumbai.

Background: To evaluate the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on non-COVID urological patient's management in tertiary care urology centres.

Methods: This is an observational study in which data of patients visiting the urology department of all the MCGM run tertiary care hospitals were recorded for the duration of 1 April 2020 to 31 July 2020 and were compared to data of pre-COVID-19 period of similar duration.

Results: There was a decrease of 93.

A case report of emphysematous cystitis with spontaneous intraperitoneal bladder perforation in an operated case of prolapsed intervertebral disc.

This is a case report of emphysematous cystitis with spontaneous intraperitoneal bladder perforation in postoperative period of pedicle fixation surgery for prolapse intervertebral disc (L3-L4). The patient developed urinary retention with overflow incontinence with abdominal tenderness and fever 3 days after orthopedic procedure which on computed tomography (CT) scan found to have abundant air in urinary bladder with multiple air foci in bladder wall with suspected leak into intraperitoneal pelvic cavity, proven only after CT cystogram.

Role of Testicular Size as a Parameter for Predicting Infertility in Indian Males.

Context Background: While the semen analysis appears to be the cornerstone in the evaluation of male fertility, the testicular size is a cheap, easy, and convenient to measure yet an ignored parameter for predicting the same. There is insufficient literature for identifying the testicular size cutoff among the Indian men.

Aims: The study is aimed to correlate between the testicular volume and length with exocrine testicular function and to set a cutoff size for infertility in Indian men.