Use of Hearing Aids Embedded with Inertial Sensors and Artificial Intelligence to Identify Patients at Risk for Falling.

Objective: To compare fall risk scores of hearing aids embedded with inertial measurement units (IMU-HAs) and powered by artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms with scores by trained observers.

Study Design: Prospective, double-blinded, observational study of fall risk scores between trained observers and those of IMU-HAs.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Toward Alleviating the Stigma of Hearing Aids: A Review.

Despite the significant advancements in hearing aid technology, their adoption rates remain low, with stigma continuing to be a major barrier for many. This review aims to assess the origins and current state of hearing aid stigma, as well as explore potential strategies for alleviating it. This review examines the societal perceptions, psychological impacts, and recent technological advancements that can influence hearing aid adoption and reduce stigma.

EEG-based brain age prediction in infants-toddlers: Implications for early detection of neurodevelopmental disorders.

The infant brain undergoes rapid developmental changes in the first three years of life. Understanding these changes through the prediction of chronological age using neuroimaging can provide insights into typical and atypical brain development. We utilized 938 resting-state EEG recordings from 457 typically developing infants, 2 to 38 months old, to develop age prediction models.

Dysregulated RNA splicing induces regeneration failure in alcohol-associated liver disease.

Individuals with progressive liver failure are at a high risk of mortality without liver transplantation. However, our understanding of derailed regenerative responses in failing livers is limited. Here, we performed comprehensive multi-omic profiling of healthy and diseased human livers using bulk and single-nucleus RNA-plus ATAC-seq.

Alumina-enriched sunflower bio-oil in machining of Hastelloy C-276: a fuzzy Mamdani model-aided sustainable manufacturing paradigm.

With the increasing emphasis on sustainable manufacturing practices, eco-friendly lubricants have gained significant attention to moderate the friction coefficient at the tool-work interface. In line with this, the contemporary study aimed to examine the viability of Alumina-enriched sunflower bio-oil as a metalworking fluid. Different volume fractions of Alumina nanoparticles (varying from 0 to 1 vol%) were mixed with sunflower bio-oil, and the physical properties, for instance, contact angle and dynamic viscosity, were analyzed to determine the optimal concentration of Alumina.

Setting the standard for machine learning in phase field prediction: a benchmark dataset and baseline metrics.

Phase field models are an important mesoscale method that serves as a bridge between the atomic scale and the macroscale, used for modeling complex phenomena at the microstructure level. Machine learning can be employed to accelerate these simulations, enabling faster and more efficient analyses. However, the development of new machine learning algorithms depends on access to extensive datasets.

An Unusual Giant Osteochondroma of Distal Tibia: A Case Report with Literature Review.

Introduction: Benign bone tumors like osteochondroma are common during skeletal maturity occurring usually at the ends of long bones, such as the distal femur, proximal humerus, and proximal tibia. The tumor can occur in sessile or pedunculated forms. Mass lesions occurring around the ankle can lead to chronic pain, pathological fractures, progressive erosion, and scalloping of adjacent bone.

The de-sulfinylation enzyme sulfiredoxin-1 attenuates hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis by modulating the PTPN12-NLRP3 axis.

Background Aims: Liver fibrosis is characterized by the progressive scarring of liver tissue. Oxidative stress is a critical causal factor of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and the subsequent liver fibrogenesis, but the mechanism is not fully understood. Cysteine sulfinic acid (Cys-SO2H), a modification of reactive cysteine residues, is a unique form of oxidative response that alters the structure and function of proteins.

Stage I and II nonsmall cell lung cancer treatment options.

Chest radiography, computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET)-CT are required for staging nonsmall cell lung cancers. Stage I cancers may be up to 4 cm in maximal diameter, with stage IA tumours being up to 3 cm and stage IB up to 4 cm. A lung cancer becomes stage II if the tumour is between 4 and ≤5 cm (stage IIA), or it spreads to ipsilateral peribronchial or hilar lymph nodes (stage IIB).

Deuterium MR spectroscopy: potential applications in oncology research.

Metabolic imaging in clinical practice has long relied on PET with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), a radioactive tracer. However, this conventional method presents inherent limitations such as exposure to ionizing radiation and potential diagnostic uncertainties, particularly in organs with heightened glucose uptake like the brain. This review underscores the transformative potential of traditional deuterium MR spectroscopy (MRS) when integrated with gradient techniques, culminating in an advanced metabolic imaging modality known as deuterium MRI (DMRI).

Just a number? Donor age and (lack of) associated reasons for heart offer refusal.

The use of 50+ year-old donors for heart transplant (HT) is rare in the United States. We assessed reasons for this-and whether it reflects concern about age itself or associated risk factors-using a survey of US HT centers. The Donor Heart Study enrolled US adult potential heart donors from 2015 to 2020.

CALiSol-23: Experimental electrolyte conductivity data for various Li-salts and solvent combinations.

Ion transport in non-aqueous electrolytes is crucial for high performance lithium-ion battery (LIB) development. The design of superior electrolytes requires extensive experimentation across the compositional space. To support data driven accelerated electrolyte discovery efforts, we curated and analyzed a large dataset covering a wide range of experimentally recorded ionic conductivities for various combinations of lithium salts, solvents, concentrations, and temperatures.

SGLT2 Inhibitor Dapagliflozin Increases Skeletal Muscle and Brain Fatty Acid Uptake in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Positron Emission Tomography Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor dapagliflozin on tissue fatty acid (FA) uptake in the skeletal muscle, brain, small intestine, and subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue of individuals with type 2 diabetes by using positron emission tomography (PET).

Research Design And Methods: In a 6-week randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 53 patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin received either 10 mg dapagliflozin or placebo daily. Tissue FA uptake was quantified at baseline and end of treatment with PET and the long-chain FA analog radiotracer 14(R,S)-[18F]fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid.

Fluorine Rich Borate Salt Anion Based Electrolyte for High Voltage Sodium Metal Battery Development.

This study demonstrates the enhanced performance in high-voltage sodium full cells using a novel electrolyte composition featuring a highly fluorinated borate ester anion (1 M Na[B(hfip)].3DME) in a binary carbonate mixture (EC:EMC), compared to a conventional electrolyte (1 M Na[PF] EC:EMC). The prolonged cycling performance of sodium metal battery employing high voltage cathodes (NVPF@C@CNT and NFMO) is attributed to uniform and dense sodium deposition along with the formation of fluorine and boron-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the sodium metal anode.

Prediction of chronological age from resting-state EEG power in the first three years of life.

The infant brain undergoes rapid and significant developmental changes in the first three years of life. Understanding these changes through the prediction of chronological age using neuroimaging data can provide insights into typical and atypical brain development. We utilized longitudinal resting-state EEG data from 457 typically developing infants, comprising 938 recordings, to develop age prediction models.

Transcriptomic responses of extensively drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae to N-acetyl cysteine reveals suppression of major biogenesis pathways leading to bacterial killing and biofilm eradication.

Aims: Carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae is categorized as a "critical global priority-one" pathogen by WHO and new and efficient treatment options are warranted. This study aims to assess the antibacterial and antibiofilm potential of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), against clinical isolates of extensively drug resistant (XDR) K. pneumoniae and elucidate the mechanism of killing.

Computational Investigation of LiF Formation at Graphite-Electrolyte Interfaces.

The performance of rechargeable batteries is strongly influenced by the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI), and a comprehensive understanding of SEI formation from the atomic level is crucial for effective battery design. The dynamics of the electrode-electrolyte interface is important and needs to be considered when evaluating the mechanism of the SEI formation. Here, we employed molecular dynamics (AIMD) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations to examine interfacial behaviors and LiF formation.

Effect of TiO Nanofillers on the Mechanical and Abrasive Wear Properties of Epoxy Reinforced with Carbon Fabric Hybrid Composites.

Recent studies show that nanofillers greatly contribute to the increase in the mechanical and abrasive behaviors of the polymer composite. In the current study, epoxy composites were made by hand lay-up with the reinforcement of carbon fabric and titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles as secondary reinforcement in weight percentages of 0.5, 1.

Assessment of Hypoxia in Breast Cancer: Emerging Functional MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques and Clinical Applications.

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer affecting women worldwide. Hypoxia, a condition characterized by insufficient oxygen supply in tumor tissues, is closely associated with tumor aggressiveness, resistance to therapy, and poor clinical outcomes. Accurate assessment of tumor hypoxia can guide treatment decisions, predict therapy response, and contribute to the development of targeted therapeutic interventions.