Protection against sexually transmitted diseases by granting sex workers in Thailand the choice of using the male or female condom: results from a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The male condom is the most effective barrier method available for protection against sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including HIV infection. There is an urgent need to develop and evaluate other prevention methods, such as the female condom. This study estimated the additional protection against STDs offered to sex workers by giving them the option of using the female condom when clients refused to use a male condom.

HIV prevalence, risk, and partner serodiscordance among pregnant women in Bangkok. Bangkok Collaborative Perinatal HIV Transmission Study Group.

Context: Most prior studies of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic in Thailand have focused on commercial sex encounters; however, because the epidemic increasingly concerns stable heterosexual relationships, determining risk factors for this form of transmission is warranted.

Objectives: To determine temporal trends in HIV prevalence, risk factors for HIV seropositivity, and rates of partner serodiscordance for pregnant women in Bangkok, Thailand.

Design: Retrospective review of hospital antenatal clinic HIV test results from 1991 through 1996.

Carbon dioxide laser vaporization for genital wart.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of carbon dioxide laser vaporization in the treatment of coalescent condyloma acuminata of the female lower genital tract. Between July 1990 and September 1992, 24 cases were enrolled in the study. There were 13 pregnant patients and 11 nonpregnant patients.

Itraconazole in the treatment of acute vaginal candidosis.

An open non-comparative multicenter study of Itraconazole (Sporal) 400 mg as a single day therapy for vaginal candidosis was carried out at Siriraj Hospital and Chulalongkorn Hospital from 1st November 1988 to 31st August, 1989. Fifty-nine female out patients with vaginal candidosis were included in the study after excluding pregnancy, lactation, mixed vaginal infection and prior antimycotic therapy. Two capsules of 100 mg Itraconazole were given b.

Risk factors in puerperal infection.

Puerperal infection is one of the most common obstetric complications which leads to certain serious sequelas for those parturients. The study of 92 postpartum women at Siriraj Hospital from April 1, 1980 to March 1, 1983 was conducted to investigate the risk factors of puerperal infection. All 92 cases were diagnosed for puerperal infection according to the criteria of the Joint Committee on Maternal Welfare.

Treatment of puerperal infection.

Ninety-two patients with puerperal infection admitted to Siriraj Hospital from April 1, 1980 to March 1, 1983 were studied. The treatment in this study was both medical and surgical, blood transfusion was given in some cases with low hematocrit level. The medical treatment alone was based on the causative organisms which were detected by cervical & intrauterine swab, smear & gram stain and cultures.

Rapid eradication of trichomonads by single-dosed nimorazole.

Previous in vitro studies demonstrated the rapidity of trichomonacidal action of nimorazole (Naxogin 500) which was twice that of metronidazole and many times that of tinidazole. Since rapid eradication of parasites can lead to a significant decrease in transmission rate, and hence, a lower prevalence of this sexually transmitted disease, a pilot study was designed to investigate the in vivo speed of action of nimorazole. Twenty females with positive wet smears for trichomonas vaginalis were treated with a single 2 gram-dose of nimorazole orally.

Comparison of culdoscopic and laparoscopic tubal sterilization.

The growing number of women requesting interval sterilization (apart from term delivery or abortion procedures) necessitates the re-evaluation of traditional surgical procedures. A total of 800 women--the first 400 women undergoing culdoscopic and laparoscopic tubal sterilization procedures at Siriraj Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand--evaluate the appropriateness of the two sterilization procedures for use in interval sterilization programs. No serious operative complications occurred in either group.

A comparison of laparoscopy and culdoscopy for internal sterilization.

In recent years, the increased demand for sterilization by women who have achieved their desired family size has emphasized the need to improve both existing methods of tubal occlusion and the means of access to the Fallopian tubes. Utilization of diagnostic instruments such as the laparoscope and culdoscope to perform sterilization minimizes the trauma associated with standard laparotomy and colpotomy and promises to reduce morbidity occurring as a result of sterilization. In order to evaluate and compare the improved techniques of laparoscopy and culdoscopy for elective interval sterilization, 722 women were studied between January and August of 1973 at the Siriraj Hospital in Bangkok.