Divergent Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite and three different alphasatellite species associated with cotton leaf curl disease outbreak in Northwest India.

Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) is a major constraint for production of cotton (Gossypium sp.) in Northwest India. CLCuD is caused by a monopartite, circular ssDNA virus belonging to the genus Begomovirus in association with betasatellites and alphasatellites, and ttransmitted by a whitefly vector (Bemisia tabaci).

Dissecting Schizophrenia Biology Using Pleiotropy with Cognitive Genomics.

Given the increasingly large number of loci discovered by psychiatric GWAS, specification of the key biological pathways underlying these loci has become a priority for the field. We have previously leveraged the pleiotropic genetic relationships between schizophrenia and two cognitive phenotypes (educational attainment and cognitive task performance) to differentiate two subsets of illness-relevant SNPs: (1) those with "concordant" alleles, which are associated with reduced cognitive ability/education and increased schizophrenia risk; and (2) those with "discordant" alleles linked to reduced educational and/or cognitive levels but lower schizophrenia susceptibility. In the present study, we extend our prior work, utilizing larger input GWAS datasets and a more powerful statistical approach to pleiotropic meta-analysis, the Pleiotropic Locus Exploration and Interpretation using Optimal test (PLEIO).

Large-Scale Mendelian Randomization Study Reveals Circulating Blood-based Proteomic Biomarkers for Psychopathology and Cognitive Task Performance.

Background: Research on peripheral (e.g., blood-based) biomarkers for psychiatric illness has typically been low-throughput in terms of both the number of subjects and the range of assays performed.

Mutation spectrum and enzyme profiling of G6PD deficiency in neonates of north India: a prospective study.

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is a common X-linked disorder with well-established clinical and allelic heterogeneity and ethnic disparity. With ~390,000 annual births with G6PD deficiency in India, it emerges as the most predictable and preventable inbornmetabolic error. Disease prevalence and mutation spectrum have been reasonably reported fromcentral, western and southern parts of India and are mostly retrospective studies.

Reinfections and Cross-Protection in the 1918/19 Influenza Pandemic: Revisiting a Survey Among Male and Female Factory Workers.

The COVID-19 pandemic highlights questions regarding reinfections and immunity resulting from vaccination and/or previous illness. Studies addressing related questions for historical pandemics are limited. We revisit an unnoticed archival source on the 1918/19 influenza pandemic.

Risk of serious COVID-19 outcomes among adults and children with moderate-to-severe asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation in the United Kingdom requested an evidence synthesis to investigate the relationship between asthma and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes.

Objective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarise evidence on the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in people with uncontrolled asthma or markers of asthma severity.

Methods: High-dose inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) or oral corticosteroids (OCS) were used as markers of asthma severity, following international or national asthma guidelines.

Bichromophoric ruthenium(II) bis-terpyridine-BODIPY based photosensitizers for cellular imaging and photodynamic therapy.

Two multichromophoric homoleptic ruthenium(II) complexes [Ru(tpy-BODIPY)]Cl (complexes 1 and 2, tpy = 4-phenyl-2,2:6,2-terpyridine, BODIPY = boron-dipyrromethene) were prepared, characterized and their phototherapeutic activity and bioimaging properties were studied. The complexes having structural similarity differ only by a phenylethynyl linker, and its overall influence on their physicochemical and photobiological behavior was evaluated. The terpyridine-BODIPY ligand L was structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography.

Genetic variations in evolutionary accelerated regions disrupt cognition in schizophrenia.

Cognition is believed to be a product of human evolution, while schizophrenia is ascribed as the by-product with cognitive impairment as it's genetically mediated endophenotype. Genomic loci associated with these traits are enriched with recent evolutionary markers such as Human accelerated regions (HARs). HARs are markedly different in humans since their divergence with chimpanzees and mostly regulate gene expression by binding to transcription factors and/or modulating chromatin interactions.

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction for the simultaneous detection of the virus and satellite components associated with cotton leaf curl begomovirus disease complex.

Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) is caused by a complex of several whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci Genn.)-transmitted begomovirus species, Cotton leaf curl Multan virus (CLCuMuV), Cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus (CLCuKoV) and Cotton leaf curl Alabad virus (CLCuAlV) by individual of mixed infection, associated with Cotton leaf curl Multan betasatellite (CLCuMB) and several alphasatellites. The disease causes major economic losses in cotton in the Indian subcontinent.

Energy and reactivity profile and proton affinity analysis of rimegepant with special reference to its potential activity against SARS-CoV-2 virus proteins using molecular dynamics.

Rimegepant is a new medicine developed for the management of chronic headache due to migraine. This manuscript is an attempt to study the various structural, physical, and chemical properties of the molecules. The molecule was optimized using B3LYP functional with 6-311G + (2d,p) basis set.

Current updates on precision therapy for breast cancer associated brain metastasis: Emphasis on combination therapy.

Cancer therapies have undergone a tremendous progress over the past decade. Precision medicine provides a more tailored approach, making the combination of existing therapies more precise. Different types of cancers are characterized by unique biomarkers that are targeted using various genomic approaches by clinicians and companies worldwide to achieve efficient treatment with minimal side effects.

Structural investigations, quantum mechanical studies on proton and metal affinity and biological activity predictions of selpercatinib.

Cancer of the lungs and thyroid is particularly difficult to manage and treat. Notably, selpercatinib has recently been suggested as an effective drug to combat these diseases. The entire world is currently tackling the pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-19 virus.

Adsorption of the drug bempedoic acid over different 2D/3D nanosurfaces and enhancement of Raman activity enabling ultrasensitive detection: First principle analysis.

The nanocluster-based drug delivery system is of much importance, now days. This manuscript studies the interaction of pristine/substituted/doped GQDs, fullerene, helicene and CNT with bempedoic acid, which is an effective alternative of statins in the treatment of hypercholesteremia. The adsorption energies are calculated at B3LYP-D3/6-311G+(2d,p) level in order to study the adsorption of bempedoic acid over the surfaces of the nanoclusters incorporating Grimme's dispersion correction.

Revisiting Schizophrenia from an Evolutionary Perspective: An Association Study of Recent Evolutionary Markers and Schizophrenia.

The persistence of schizophrenia in human populations at a high prevalence and with a large heritability estimate despite reduced fertility and increased mortality rate is a Darwinian paradox. This may be likely if the genomic components that predispose to schizophrenia are also advantageous for the acquisition of important human traits, such as language and cognition. Accordingly, an emerging group of genomic markers of recent evolution in humans, namely human accelerated regions (HARs), since our divergence from chimpanzees, are gaining importance for neurodevelopmental disorders, such as schizophrenia.

Age-related gene expression alterations by SARS-CoV-2 infection contribute to poor prognosis in elderly.

The ongoing pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has affected millions of people worldwide and with notable heterogeneity in its clinical presentation. Probability of contracting this highly contagious infection is similar across age groups but disease severity and fatality among aged patients with or without comorbidities are reportedly higher. Previous studies suggest that age associated transcriptional changes in lung and immune system results in a proinflammatory state and increased susceptibility to infectious lung diseases.

Dominance of recombinant cotton leaf curl Multan-Rajasthan virus associated with cotton leaf curl disease outbreak in northwest India.

Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD), caused by whitefly (Bemisiatabaci) transmitted single-stranded DNA viruses belonging to the Genus, Begomovirus (family, Geminiviridae) in association with satellite molecules; is responsible for major economic losses in cotton in three northwest (NW) Indian states Haryana, Punjab, and Rajasthan. Annual CLCuD incidences during 2012 to 2014 were estimated to be 37.5%, 63.

Structurally Characterized BODIPY-Appended Oxidovanadium(IV) β-Diketonates for Mitochondria-Targeted Photocytotoxicity.

Mixed-ligand oxidovanadium(IV) β-diketonates having NNN-donor dipicolylamine-conjugated to boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY in L) and diiodo-BODIPY (in L) moieties, namely, [VO(L)(acac)]Cl (), [VO(L)(acac)]Cl (), and [VO(L)(dbm)]Cl (), where acac and dbm are monoanionic O,O-donor acetylacetone and 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione, were prepared, characterized, and tested for their photoinduced anticancer activity in visible light. Complexes and were structurally characterized as their PF salts ( and ) by X-ray crystallography. They showed VNO six-coordinate geometry with dipicolylamine base as the facial ligand.

Ruthenium(II) Conjugates of Boron-Dipyrromethene and Biotin for Targeted Photodynamic Therapy in Red Light.

The ruthenium(II) complexes [RuCl(L)(L)]Cl (), [RuCl(L)(L)]Cl (), [RuCl(L)(L)]Cl (), [RuCl(L)(L)]Cl (), and [RuCl(L)(L)]Cl () of NNN-donor dipicolylamine (dpa) bases (L, L) having BODIPY (boron-dipyrromethene) moieties, NN-donor phenanthroline derivatives (L, L), and benzyldipicolylamine (bzdpa, L) were prepared and characterized by spectroscopic techniques and their cellular localization/uptake and photocytotoxicity studied. Complex , as its PF salt (), has been structurally characterized with help of a single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique. It has a RuNCl core with the Cl bonded trans to the amine nitrogen atom of bzdpa.

Multiple rare inherited variants in a four generation schizophrenia family offer leads for complex mode of disease inheritance.

Schizophrenia is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous neuropsychiatric disorder, with a polygenic basis but identification of the specific determinants is a continuing challenge. In this study, we analyzed a multigenerational family, with all healthy individuals in the first two generations, and four progeny affected with schizophrenia in the subsequent two generations, using whole exome sequencing. We identified five rare protein sequence altering heterozygous variants, in five different genes namely SMARCA5, PDE1B, TNIK, SMARCA2 and FLRT shared among all affected members and predicted to be damaging.

pH Sensitive Interpenetrating Network Bio Containers of Gum Ghatti for Sustained Release of Glipizide.

Objective: A novel natural polymer, Gum Ghatti (GG) was explored to develop a new polymeric system that will combine the biodegradable and biocompatible properties of GG and mechanical properties of poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) for drug delivery application.

Methods: Smart pH sensitive, porous, glutaraldehyde (GA) crosslinked interpenetrating network (IPN) microspheres loaded with glipizide were developed by the emulsion crosslinking method. The drug entrapment efficiency was 92.

Codon Usage Bias Analysis of : Higher Codon Adaptation to Host.

(CTV), a member of the aphid-transmitted closterovirus group, is the causal agent of the notorious tristeza disease in several citrus species worldwide. The codon usage patterns of viruses reflect the evolutionary changes for optimization of their survival and adaptation in their fitness to the external environment and the hosts. The codon usage adaptation of CTV to specific citrus hosts remains to be studied; thus, its role in CTV evolution is not clearly comprehended.

Environmental enrichment increases transcriptional and epigenetic differentiation between mouse dorsal and ventral dentate gyrus.

Early life experience influences stress reactivity and mental health through effects on cognitive-emotional functions that are, in part, linked to gene expression in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus. The hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) is a major site for experience-dependent plasticity associated with sustained transcriptional alterations, potentially mediated by epigenetic modifications. Here, we report comprehensive DNA methylome, hydroxymethylome and transcriptome data sets from mouse dorsal and ventral DG.