Bioengineered carbohydrate polymers for colon-specific drug release: Current trends and future prospects.

The worldwide health burden of colorectal cancer is still substantial, and traditional chemotherapeutic drugs sometimes have poor selectivity, which can result in systemic toxicity and unfavorable side effects. For colon-specific medication delivery, bioengineered carbohydrate polymers have shown promise as carriers. They may enhance treatment effectiveness while minimizing systemic exposure and associated side effects.

Development of an autonomous on-site dissolved inorganic carbon analyzer using conductometric detection.

Background: The increase in anthropogenic CO concentrations in the Earth's atmosphere since the industrial revolution has resulted in an increased uptake of CO by the oceans, leading to ocean acidification. Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC) is one of the key variables to characterize the seawater carbonate system. High quality DIC observations at a high spatial-temporal resolution is required to improve our understanding of the marine carbonate system.

Evaluating the efficacy of vermicomposted products in rain-fed wetland rice and predicting potential hazards from metal-contaminated tannery sludge using novel machine learning tactic.

The study assessed the ecotoxicity and bioavailability of potential metals (PMs) from tannery waste sludge, alongside addressing the environmental concerns of overuse of chemical fertilizers, by comparing the impacts of organic vermicomposted tannery waste, chemical fertilizers, and sole application of tannery waste on soil and rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants. The results revealed that T3, which received high-quality vermicomposted tannery waste as an amendment, exhibited superior enzymatic characteristics compared to tannery sludge amended (TWS) treatments (T8, T9).

Development of high conducting phosphorous doped nanocrystalline thin silicon films for silicon heterojunction solar cells application.

We have investigated the plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition growth of the phosphorus-doped hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon (n-nc-Si:H) film as an electron-selective layer in silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells. The effect of power densities on the precursor gas dissociation are investigated using optical emission spectra and the crystalline fraction in n-nc-Si:H films are correlated with the dark conductivity. With theof 122 mW cmand ∼2% phosphorus doping, we observed Raman crystallinity of 53%, high dark conductivity of 43 S cm, and activation energy of ∼23 meV from the ∼30 nm n-nc-Si:H film.

Surface Chemistry of Gold Nanoparticles Modulates Cytokines and Nanomechanical Properties in Pancreatic Cancer Cell Lines: A Correlative Study.

Surface chemistry of nanoparticles play significant role in their cellular interaction. Along with other group, we previously demonstrated that dynamic alteration of cell membrane during uptake of gold nanoparticles can be thoroughly probed by nanomechanical properties of cell membrane. Additionally, endocytosis influences intracellular cytokines expression that also impact membrane stiffness.

Understanding phloem's role in long-distance transport and accumulation of arsenic (As) in rice: toward low-As-accumulating grain development.

This review highlights the roles of phloem in the long-distance transport and accumulation of As in rice plants, facilitating the formulation of new strategies to reduce the grain As content. Rice is a staple diet for a significant proportion of the global population. As toxicity is a major issue affecting the rice productivity and quality worldwide.

Phospholipid Complex Formulation Technology for Improved Drug Delivery in Oncological Settings: a Comprehensive Review.

Addressing poor solubility and permeability issues associated with synthetic drugs and naturally occurring active compounds is crucial for improving bioavailability. This review explores the potential of phospholipid complex formulation technology to overcome these challenges. Phospholipids, as endogenous molecules, offer a viable solution, with drugs complexed with phospholipids demonstrating a similar absorption mechanism.

Selective Bacterial Growth Inactivation by pH-Sensitive Sulfanilamide Functionalized Carbon Dots.

Carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized hydrothermally by mixing citric acid (CA) and an antifolic agent, sulfanilamide (SNM), employed for pH sensing and bacterial growth inactivation. Sulfanilamide is a prodrug; aromatic hetero cyclization of the amine moiety along with other chemical modifications produces an active pharmacological compound (chloromycetin and miconazole), mostly administered for the treatment of various microbial infections. On the other hand, the efficacy of the sulfanilamide molecule as a drug for antimicrobial activity was very low.

NOVEL ECHOCARDIOGRAM ANALYSIS OF CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION IS ASSOCIATED WITH MORTALITY IN PEDIATRIC SEPSIS.

Objectives: The objective of our study was to semiautomatically generate echocardiogram indices in pediatric sepsis using novel algorithms and determine which indices were associated with mortality. We hypothesized that strain and diastolic indices would be most associated with mortality. Design: Retrospective cohort study of children with sepsis from 2017 to 2022.

Conservation of Endangered Cordyceps sinensis Through Artificial Cultivation Strategies of C. militaris, an Alternate.

Cordyceps, an entomopathogenic fungus belonging to the Ascomycota phylum, is a familiar remedial mushroom that is extensively used in the traditional medicinal system, especially in South Asian nations. The significance of this genus' members in a range of therapeutic and biotechnological applications has long been acknowledged. The exceedingly valuable fungus Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Cordyceps sinensis) is found in the alpine meadows of Bhutan, Nepal, Tibet, and India, where it is severely harvested.

Unique challenges and best practices for single cell transcriptomic analysis in toxicology.

The application and analysis of single-cell transcriptomics in toxicology presents unique challenges. These include identifying cell sub-populations sensitive to perturbation; interpreting dynamic shifts in cell type proportions in response to chemical exposures; and performing differential expression analysis in dose-response studies spanning multiple treatment conditions. This review examines these challenges while presenting best practices for critical single cell analysis tasks.

H, C, and N backbone and methyl group resonance assignments of ricin toxin A subunit.

Ricin is a potent plant toxin that targets the eukaryotic ribosome by depurinating an adenine from the sarcin-ricin loop (SRL), a highly conserved stem-loop of the rRNA. As a category-B agent for bioterrorism it is a prime target for therapeutic intervention with antibodies and enzyme blocking inhibitors since no effective therapy exists for ricin. Ricin toxin A subunit (RTA) depurinates the SRL by binding to the P-stalk proteins at a remote site.

Advances in Precision Medicine Approaches for Colorectal Cancer: From Molecular Profiling to Targeted Therapies.

Precision medicine is transforming colorectal cancer treatment through the integration of advanced technologies and biomarkers, enhancing personalized and effective disease management. Identification of key driver mutations and molecular profiling have deepened our comprehension of the genetic alterations in colorectal cancer, facilitating targeted therapy and immunotherapy selection. Biomarkers such as microsatellite instability (MSI) and DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) guide treatment decisions, opening avenues for immunotherapy.

Emergencies in Pulmonary Hypertension.

Pulmonary hypertension is a challenging disease entity with various underlying etiologies. The management of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (WHO Group 1) remains challenging especially in the critical care setting. With risk of high morbidity and mortality, these patients require a multidisciplinary team approach at a speciality care facility for pulmonary hypertension for comprehensive evaluation and rapid initiation of treatment.

Members of the paralogous gene family 12 from the Lyme disease agent Borrelia burgdorferi are non-specific DNA-binding proteins.

Lyme disease is the most prevalent vector-borne infectious disease in Europe and the USA. Borrelia burgdorferi, as the causative agent of Lyme disease, is transmitted to the mammalian host during the tick blood meal. To adapt to the different encountered environments, Borrelia has adjusted the expression pattern of various, mostly outer surface proteins.

Early Detection, Precision Treatment, Recurrence Monitoring: Liquid Biopsy Transforms Colorectal Cancer Therapy.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant global health concern. We need ways to detect it early and determine the best treatments. One promising method is liquid biopsy, which uses cancer cells and other components in the blood to help diagnose and treat the disease.

In vivo T2 measurements of the fetal brain using single-shot fast spin echo sequences.

Purpose: We propose a quantitative framework for motion-corrected T2 fetal brain measurements in vivo and validate the single-shot fast spin echo (SS-FSE) sequence to perform these measurements.

Methods: Stacks of two-dimensional SS-FSE slices are acquired with different echo times (TE) and motion-corrected with slice-to-volume reconstruction (SVR). The quantitative T2 maps are obtained by a fit to a dictionary of simulated signals.

Elucidation of the Transport Properties of Calcium-Doped High Entropy Rare Earth Aluminates for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Applications.

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are paving the way to clean energy conversion, relying on efficient oxygen-ion conductors with high ionic conductivity coupled with a negligible electronic contribution. Doped rare earth aluminates are promising candidates for SOFC electrolytes due to their high ionic conductivity. However, they often suffer from p-type electronic conductivity at operating temperatures above 500 °C under oxidizing conditions caused by the incorporation of oxygen into the lattice.

A Review on Protease Inhibitors of Herbal Origin to Combat Malignancy.

Protease is the enzyme accountable for the breakdown of proteins i.e., proteolysis.

Why Does the E1219V Mutation Expand T-Rich PAM Recognition in Cas9 from ?

Popular RNA-guided DNA endonuclease Cas9 from () recognizes the canonical 5'-NGG-3' protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) and triggers double-stranded DNA cleavage activity. Mutations in Cas9 were demonstrated to expand the PAM readability and hold promise for therapeutic and genome editing applications. However, the energetics of the PAM recognition and its relation to the atomic structure remain unknown.

Diabetes Fever.

While diabetes manifests multiple clinical presentations, complications and comorbidities, most modern discourse focuses on the cardiovascular aspects of the syndrome. In this communication, we explore the vast spectrum of fever and diabetes. We highlight the bidirectional interactions between febrile illness and diabetes, as well as drug-drug interactions.

Achieving Resilience in Aging: How Mitochondrial Modulation Drives Age-associated Fluconazole Tolerance in .

Unlabelled: ( ) is an opportunistic fungal microorganism that causes life-threatening meningoencephalitis. During the infection, the microbial population is heterogeneously composed of cells with varying generational ages, with older cells accumulating during chronic infections. This is attributed to their enhanced resistance to phagocytic killing and tolerance of antifungals like fluconazole (FLC).